Question 1

The spatial interpolation features of a geographic information system (GIS)would be most useful when a researcher needs to

Accepted Answer

A) detect energy at a wavelength that is not detected directly by an existing satellite. 
B) estimate data at a particular point where it has not been measured. 
C) use a large-scale map but only a small-scale map of the area of interest is available. 
D) identify the optimal route through an area. 
A) detect energy at a wavelength that is not detected directly by an existing satellite. 
B) estimate data at a particular point where it has not been measured. 
C) use a large-scale map but only a small-scale map of the area of interest is available. 
D) identify the optimal route through an area.

Question 2

In the Public Land Survey System (PLSS), a township labeled T3N, R1W would indicate that it is

Accepted Answer

A) a one-mile by one-mile tract of land that is 3 townships north of the nearest base line and 1 range west of the nearest principal meridian. 
B) a one-mile by one-mile tract of land that is 3 townships north of the nearest principal meridian and 1 range west of the nearest base line. 
C) a six-mile by six-mile tract of land that is 3 townships north of the nearest base line and 1 range west of the nearest principal meridian. 
D) a six-mile by six-mile tract of land that is 3 townships north of the nearest principal meridian and 1 range west of the nearest base line. 
A) a one-mile by one-mile tract of land that is 3 townships north of the nearest base line and 1 range west of the nearest principal meridian. 
B) a one-mile by one-mile tract of land that is 3 townships north of the nearest principal meridian and 1 range west of the nearest base line. 
C) a six-mile by six-mile tract of land that is 3 townships north of the nearest base line and 1 range west of the nearest principal meridian. 
D) a six-mile by six-mile tract of land that is 3 townships north of the nearest principal meridian and 1 range west of the nearest base line.

Question 3

The significance of any great circle is that it always

Accepted Answer

A) connects two points on the surface of a sphere with the shortest distance. 
B) follows the same line of latitude. 
C) passes through the point where the equator intersects with the Prime Meridian. 
D) passes through the North or South Pole. 
A) connects two points on the surface of a sphere with the shortest distance. 
B) follows the same line of latitude. 
C) passes through the point where the equator intersects with the Prime Meridian. 
D) passes through the North or South Pole.

Question 4

The lithosphere refers to the

Accepted Answer

A) plasticky interior of the Earth that moves in response to heating from the interior. 
B) molten lava that is ejected from volcanoes. 
C) land part of the Earth only. 
D) solid upper part of the Earth, including the crust and uppermost mantle. 
A) plasticky interior of the Earth that moves in response to heating from the interior. 
B) molten lava that is ejected from volcanoes. 
C) land part of the Earth only. 
D) solid upper part of the Earth, including the crust and uppermost mantle.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a type of spatial distribution that can be assessed using geographic information systems (GIS)?

Accepted Answer

A) clustered 
B) random 
C) regular 
D) irregular 
A) clustered 
B) random 
C) regular 
D) irregular

Question 6

"Multispectral remote sensing" refers to

Accepted Answer

A) returning to the same site many times to analyze changes in the environment over time. 
B) the use of many different types of satellites to detect environmental features at a place. 
C) detecting energy at many wavelength bands of energy simultaneously. 
D) the detection of features across a large part of Earth's surface at the same time. 
A) returning to the same site many times to analyze changes in the environment over time. 
B) the use of many different types of satellites to detect environmental features at a place. 
C) detecting energy at many wavelength bands of energy simultaneously. 
D) the detection of features across a large part of Earth's surface at the same time.

Question 7

A snowball that rolls down a hill, gradually gaining more and more mass and rolling faster and faster as it continues, would be an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) positive feedback system. 
B) negative feedback system. 
C) open system. 
D) closed system. 
A) positive feedback system. 
B) negative feedback system. 
C) open system. 
D) closed system.

Question 8

The purpose of Daylight Savings Time is to

Accepted Answer

A) allow an extra hour per day for crops to grow during the growing season, at the expense of an hour per day when crops are not in the ground. 
B) provide an extra hour of daylight in the evening hours, to conserve energy, at the expense of an hour of daylight in the morning hours. 
C) adjust for variations in the speed of Earth's orbit around the Sun at different times of the year. 
D) allow the Greenwich Mean Time system to represent the actual position of the Sun in the sky more accurately. 
A) allow an extra hour per day for crops to grow during the growing season, at the expense of an hour per day when crops are not in the ground. 
B) provide an extra hour of daylight in the evening hours, to conserve energy, at the expense of an hour of daylight in the morning hours. 
C) adjust for variations in the speed of Earth's orbit around the Sun at different times of the year. 
D) allow the Greenwich Mean Time system to represent the actual position of the Sun in the sky more accurately.

Question 9

The concept of overlay in geographic information systems (GIS)refers to the

Accepted Answer

A) incorporation of multiple types of digital spatial data (maps)in answering research questions. 
B) constant, automatic updating of digital spatial data (maps)of the same type with newer data. 
C) use of digital spatial data (maps)to identify what lies deep beneath the Earth's surface. 
D) inclusion of a grid (such as latitude-longitude or universal Transverse Mercator)on a digital spatial dataset (map). 
A) incorporation of multiple types of digital spatial data (maps)in answering research questions. 
B) constant, automatic updating of digital spatial data (maps)of the same type with newer data. 
C) use of digital spatial data (maps)to identify what lies deep beneath the Earth's surface. 
D) inclusion of a grid (such as latitude-longitude or universal Transverse Mercator)on a digital spatial dataset (map).

Question 10

In the diagram below, the left arrow represents

Accepted Answer

A) elevation and the right arrow represents relief. 
B) relief and the right arrow represents slope. 
C) elevation and the right arrow represents depth. 
D) relief and the right arrow represents elevation. 
A) elevation and the right arrow represents relief. 
B) relief and the right arrow represents slope. 
C) elevation and the right arrow represents depth. 
D) relief and the right arrow represents elevation.

Question 11

All map projections introduce at least some distortion because

Accepted Answer

A) it is impossible to represent a three-dimensional surface on a two-dimensional plane perfectly. 
B) the best mathematical algorithms used in map projections have not been discovered yet. 
C) the Earth is not a perfect sphere. 
D) the Earth's orbit around the Sun is not perfectly circular. 
A) it is impossible to represent a three-dimensional surface on a two-dimensional plane perfectly. 
B) the best mathematical algorithms used in map projections have not been discovered yet. 
C) the Earth is not a perfect sphere. 
D) the Earth's orbit around the Sun is not perfectly circular.

Question 12

A steep slope implies a

Accepted Answer

A) weak gradient and closely-spaced contours. 
B) steep gradient and closely-spaced contours. 
C) weak gradient and widely-spaced contours. 
D) steep gradient and widely-spaced contours. 
A) weak gradient and closely-spaced contours. 
B) steep gradient and closely-spaced contours. 
C) weak gradient and widely-spaced contours. 
D) steep gradient and widely-spaced contours.

Question 13

Which of the following coordinate systems is used outside of the United States?

Accepted Answer

A) Universal Transverse Mercator 
B) State Plane Coordinate System 
C) Public Land Survey System 
D) All of these are used outside of the United States. 
A) Universal Transverse Mercator 
B) State Plane Coordinate System 
C) Public Land Survey System 
D) All of these are used outside of the United States.

Question 14

The most likely and direct consequence of a reduced rate of "burial" of sediment in the rock cycle would be

Accepted Answer

A) the delayed rate of formation of rock. 
B) slower rates of uplift of rocks back to the surface. 
C) more rapid deposition of more sediment. 
D) increased rates of rock deformation. 
A) the delayed rate of formation of rock. 
B) slower rates of uplift of rocks back to the surface. 
C) more rapid deposition of more sediment. 
D) increased rates of rock deformation.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?

Accepted Answer

A) a physical geographer sketching the general appearance of a landscape 
B) a physical geographer describing the shape of rock fragments 
C) a physical geographer measuring the total rainfall from a storm 
D) a physical geographer observing that the clouds are flat and blanket-like 
A) a physical geographer sketching the general appearance of a landscape 
B) a physical geographer describing the shape of rock fragments 
C) a physical geographer measuring the total rainfall from a storm 
D) a physical geographer observing that the clouds are flat and blanket-like

Question 16

Differential GPS would be more useful than a handheld GPS when

Accepted Answer

A) portability and mobility is important. 
B) the system is used in an isolated location far from a cellular telephone signal. 
C) extremely precise measurements are needed. 
D) two or more measurements are being taken simultaneously. 
A) portability and mobility is important. 
B) the system is used in an isolated location far from a cellular telephone signal. 
C) extremely precise measurements are needed. 
D) two or more measurements are being taken simultaneously.

Question 17

Geographic factors are important when considering environmental issues or when evaluating potential sites for a new agricultural area or business because

Accepted Answer

A) location and spatial distributions often affect environmental, social, or economic behavior. 
B) the most important environmental issues and the advantages of sites for a new agricultural areas or businesses are often the same across space. 
C) environmental policies and zoning regulations seldom consider geographic factors. 
D) it is seldom important to investigate environmental issues or evaluate potential sites from a holistic approach. 
A) location and spatial distributions often affect environmental, social, or economic behavior. 
B) the most important environmental issues and the advantages of sites for a new agricultural areas or businesses are often the same across space. 
C) environmental policies and zoning regulations seldom consider geographic factors. 
D) it is seldom important to investigate environmental issues or evaluate potential sites from a holistic approach.

Question 18

The difference between open and closed systems is that

Accepted Answer

A) open systems are not predictable but closed systems are. 
B) open systems can acquire matter and energy, but closed systems cannot. 
C) open systems are much simpler in terms of the number of interactions between objects in the system. 
D) open systems occur on land and closed systems occur in the ocean. 
A) open systems are not predictable but closed systems are. 
B) open systems can acquire matter and energy, but closed systems cannot. 
C) open systems are much simpler in terms of the number of interactions between objects in the system. 
D) open systems occur on land and closed systems occur in the ocean.

Question 19

If a researcher wanted to identify and map healthy vegetation using remote sensing, she would be most likely to use data that detects what type of energy?

Accepted Answer

A) microwave 
B) near-infrared 
C) sonar 
D) thermal infrared 
A) microwave 
B) near-infrared 
C) sonar 
D) thermal infrared

Question 20

The hydrologic cycle includes all of the following processes except

Accepted Answer

A) evaporation. 
B) precipitation. 
C) runoff. 
D) uplift. 
A) evaporation. 
B) precipitation. 
C) runoff. 
D) uplift.

The spatial interpolation features of a geographic information system (GIS)would be most useful when a researcher needs to

In the Public Land Survey System (PLSS), a township labeled T3N, R1W would indicate that it is

The significance of any great circle is that it always

The lithosphere refers to the

Which of the following is not a type of spatial distribution that can be assessed using geographic information systems (GIS)?

"Multispectral remote sensing" refers to

A snowball that rolls down a hill, gradually gaining more and more mass and rolling faster and faster as it continues, would be an example of a(n)

The purpose of Daylight Savings Time is to

The concept of overlay in geographic information systems (GIS)refers to the

In the diagram below, the left arrow represents

All map projections introduce at least some distortion because

A steep slope implies a

Which of the following coordinate systems is used outside of the United States?

The most likely and direct consequence of a reduced rate of "burial" of sediment in the rock cycle would be

Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?

Differential GPS would be more useful than a handheld GPS when

Geographic factors are important when considering environmental issues or when evaluating potential sites for a new agricultural area or business because

The difference between open and closed systems is that

If a researcher wanted to identify and map healthy vegetation using remote sensing, she would be most likely to use data that detects what type of energy?

The hydrologic cycle includes all of the following processes except

Energy and Matter in the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Motion

Atmospheric Moisture

Weather Systems and Severe Weather

Atmosphere - Ocean - Crysophere Interactions

Climates Around the World

Water Resources

Understanding Landscapes

Plate Tectonics and Regional Features

Volcanoes, Deformation, and Earthquakes

Weathering and Mass Wasting

Streams and Flooding

Glaciers and Glacial Landforms

Coasts and Changing Sea Levels

Soils

Ecosystems and Biogeochemical Cycles

Biomes

Filters

Exam 1: The Nature of Physical Geography

The spatial interpolation features of a geographic information system (GIS)would be most useful when a researcher needs to

In the Public Land Survey System (PLSS), a township labeled T3N, R1W would indicate that it is

The significance of any great circle is that it always

The lithosphere refers to the

Which of the following is not a type of spatial distribution that can be assessed using geographic information systems (GIS)?

"Multispectral remote sensing" refers to

A snowball that rolls down a hill, gradually gaining more and more mass and rolling faster and faster as it continues, would be an example of a(n)

The purpose of Daylight Savings Time is to

The concept of overlay in geographic information systems (GIS)refers to the

In the diagram below, the left arrow represents

All map projections introduce at least some distortion because

A steep slope implies a

Which of the following coordinate systems is used outside of the United States?

The most likely and direct consequence of a reduced rate of "burial" of sediment in the rock cycle would be

Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?

Differential GPS would be more useful than a handheld GPS when

Geographic factors are important when considering environmental issues or when evaluating potential sites for a new agricultural area or business because

The difference between open and closed systems is that

If a researcher wanted to identify and map healthy vegetation using remote sensing, she would be most likely to use data that detects what type of energy?

The hydrologic cycle includes all of the following processes except

Energy and Matter in the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Motion

Atmospheric Moisture

Weather Systems and Severe Weather

Atmosphere - Ocean - Crysophere Interactions

Climates Around the World

Water Resources

Understanding Landscapes

Plate Tectonics and Regional Features

Volcanoes, Deformation, and Earthquakes

Weathering and Mass Wasting

Streams and Flooding

Glaciers and Glacial Landforms

Coasts and Changing Sea Levels

Soils

Ecosystems and Biogeochemical Cycles

Biomes

Filters