Question 1

Gas exchange in the lungs occurs

Accepted Answer

A) across approximately 300 million alveoli. 
B) in the conducting zone. 
C) in the respiratory zone. 
D) both A and C are correct answers 
A) across approximately 300 million alveoli. 
B) in the conducting zone. 
C) in the respiratory zone. 
D) both A and C are correct answers D

Question 2

The volume of gas that reaches the gas-exchange zone of the lung is termed

Accepted Answer

A) anatomical dead space. 
B) minute ventilation. 
C) alveolar ventilation. 
D) tidal volume. 
A) anatomical dead space. 
B) minute ventilation. 
C) alveolar ventilation. 
D) tidal volume. C

Question 3

An increase in PCO2 in the blood results in the formation of bicarbonate in the red blood cell.Because bicarbonate carries a negative charge (anion),the removal of negatively charged molecule from the red blood cell is required to prevent an electrochemical imbalance across the cell membrane.This problem is avoided by

Accepted Answer

A) movement of sodium molecules out of the red blood cell. 
B) movement of chloride molecules out of the red blood cell. 
C) movement of chloride molecules into the red blood cell. 
D) both A and C are correct 
A) movement of sodium molecules out of the red blood cell. 
B) movement of chloride molecules out of the red blood cell. 
C) movement of chloride molecules into the red blood cell. 
D) both A and C are correct C

Question 4

In healthy and untrained subjects,the alinear rise in minute ventilation observed during incremental exercise (i.e. ,ventilatory threshold)could be due to

Accepted Answer

A) a significant decline in arterial PO2. 
B) an increase in arterial PCO2. 
C) an increase in arterial pH. 
D) a decrease in arterial pH. 
A) a significant decline in arterial PO2. 
B) an increase in arterial PCO2. 
C) an increase in arterial pH. 
D) a decrease in arterial pH.

Question 5

According to Dalton's law,the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of pressures of each gas in the mixture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The respiratory control center is located in the

Accepted Answer

A) medulla oblongata. 
B) cerebrum. 
C) carotid bodies. 
D) cerebellum. 
A) medulla oblongata. 
B) cerebrum. 
C) carotid bodies. 
D) cerebellum.

Question 7

A by-product of anaerobic glycolysis in red blood cells that shifts the O2-Hb dissociation curve to the right at high altitude is

Accepted Answer

A) pyruvate 
B) 2-3 DPG 
C) 3-phosphoglycerate 
D) phosphoenolpyruvate 
A) pyruvate 
B) 2-3 DPG 
C) 3-phosphoglycerate 
D) phosphoenolpyruvate

Question 8

The carotid bodies are chemoreceptors that are sensitive to changes in arterial_______.

Accepted Answer

A) H+ and K+ concentrations. 
B) pH,PCO2,and PO2. 
C) pH and K+ concentrations. 
D) PO2 only. 
A) H+ and K+ concentrations. 
B) pH,PCO2,and PO2. 
C) pH and K+ concentrations. 
D) PO2 only.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about myoglobin are true?

Accepted Answer

A) myoglobin binds oxygen. 
B) myoglobin shuttles oxygen from the cell membrane to the mitochondria. 
C) myoglobin exists in relatively large quantities in slow-twitch muscle fibers. 
D) all of the above answers are correct. 
A) myoglobin binds oxygen. 
B) myoglobin shuttles oxygen from the cell membrane to the mitochondria. 
C) myoglobin exists in relatively large quantities in slow-twitch muscle fibers. 
D) all of the above answers are correct.

Question 10

During exercise,a right shift in the oxyhemoglobin disassociation curve insures that more oxygen is unloaded from hemoglobin to the working muscle compared to rest.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The term ventilation refers to the

Accepted Answer

A) cooling of the airways by respiration. 
B) random movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. 
C) mechanical process of moving air in and out of the lungs. 
D) oxygenation of blood as it travels through the lungs. 
A) cooling of the airways by respiration. 
B) random movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. 
C) mechanical process of moving air in and out of the lungs. 
D) oxygenation of blood as it travels through the lungs.

Question 12

The central chemoreceptors that influence the control of breathing respond to changes in the

Accepted Answer

A) H+ of mixed venous blood. 
B) PCO2 and H+ of cerebral spinal fluid. 
C) PO2,pH,and PCO2 of arterial blood. 
D) PCO2 and H+ of mixed venous blood. 
A) H+ of mixed venous blood. 
B) PCO2 and H+ of cerebral spinal fluid. 
C) PO2,pH,and PCO2 of arterial blood. 
D) PCO2 and H+ of mixed venous blood.

Question 13

Studies reveal that ventilation drifts upward during constant-load submaximal exercise performed in a hot and humid environment.This is likely due to

Accepted Answer

A) a lower arterial PO2. 
B) a higher arterial PCO2. 
C) a significant increase in blood temperature. 
D) all of the above answers are correct. 
A) a lower arterial PO2. 
B) a higher arterial PCO2. 
C) a significant increase in blood temperature. 
D) all of the above answers are correct.

Question 14

Exercise-induced hypoxemia that often occurs in elite endurance athletes during heavy exercise is likely due to

Accepted Answer

A) chronic obstructive lung disease. 
B) impaired alveolar ventilation resulting in hypoventilation. 
C) asthma. 
D) a diffusion limitation secondary to a rapid red blood cell transit time. 
A) chronic obstructive lung disease. 
B) impaired alveolar ventilation resulting in hypoventilation. 
C) asthma. 
D) a diffusion limitation secondary to a rapid red blood cell transit time.

Question 15

Compared to the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve,the myoglobin dissociation curve_______.

Accepted Answer

A) is much steeper at PO2's below20 mmHg. 
B) reaches a plateau at a much lower PO2. 
C) both A and B are correct 
D) none of the above answers are correct 
A) is much steeper at PO2's below20 mmHg. 
B) reaches a plateau at a much lower PO2. 
C) both A and B are correct 
D) none of the above answers are correct

Question 16

During exercise at sea level,young,healthy untrained subjects generally maintain exercise arterial PO2 within

Accepted Answer

A) 1 mm Hg of resting values. 
B) 10-12 mm Hg of resting values. 
C) 20-25 mm Hg of resting values. 
D) 30-40 mm Hg of resting values. 
A) 1 mm Hg of resting values. 
B) 10-12 mm Hg of resting values. 
C) 20-25 mm Hg of resting values. 
D) 30-40 mm Hg of resting values.

Question 17

In the standing position,blood flow to the base of the lung is ______________ blood flow to the apex.

Accepted Answer

A) less than 
B) the same as 
C) greater than 
D) none of the above answers is correct. 
A) less than 
B) the same as 
C) greater than 
D) none of the above answers is correct.

Question 18

Exercise-induced asthma could impair pulmonary gas exchange by

Accepted Answer

A) reducing blood flow to the lung. 
B) lowering the drive to breath. 
C) causing bronchodilation. 
D) increasing airway resistance. 
A) reducing blood flow to the lung. 
B) lowering the drive to breath. 
C) causing bronchodilation. 
D) increasing airway resistance.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT an important function of the pulmonary system?

Accepted Answer

A) to cool the airways. 
B) to provide an interface for gas exchange between the external environment and the body. 
C) regulation of acid base balance during exercise. 
D) None of the above answers are correct 
A) to cool the airways. 
B) to provide an interface for gas exchange between the external environment and the body. 
C) regulation of acid base balance during exercise. 
D) None of the above answers are correct

Question 20

Activation of rectus abdominis muscles would result in

Accepted Answer

A) active inspiration. 
B) passive inspiration. 
C) active expiration. 
D) passive expiration. 
A) active inspiration. 
B) passive inspiration. 
C) active expiration. 
D) passive expiration.

Exam 11: Respiration During Exercise

Gas exchange in the lungs occurs

The volume of gas that reaches the gas-exchange zone of the lung is termed

In healthy and untrained subjects,the alinear rise in minute ventilation observed during incremental exercise (i.e. ,ventilatory threshold)could be due to

According to Dalton's law,the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of pressures of each gas in the mixture.

The respiratory control center is located in the

A by-product of anaerobic glycolysis in red blood cells that shifts the O2-Hb dissociation curve to the right at high altitude is

The carotid bodies are chemoreceptors that are sensitive to changes in arterial_______.

Which of the following statements about myoglobin are true?

During exercise,a right shift in the oxyhemoglobin disassociation curve insures that more oxygen is unloaded from hemoglobin to the working muscle compared to rest.

The term ventilation refers to the

The central chemoreceptors that influence the control of breathing respond to changes in the

Studies reveal that ventilation drifts upward during constant-load submaximal exercise performed in a hot and humid environment.This is likely due to

Exercise-induced hypoxemia that often occurs in elite endurance athletes during heavy exercise is likely due to

Compared to the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve,the myoglobin dissociation curve_______.

During exercise at sea level,young,healthy untrained subjects generally maintain exercise arterial PO2 within

In the standing position,blood flow to the base of the lung is ______________ blood flow to the apex.

Exercise-induced asthma could impair pulmonary gas exchange by

Which of the following is NOT an important function of the pulmonary system?

Activation of rectus abdominis muscles would result in

Introduction to Exercise Physiology

A: Common Measurements in Exercise Physiology

B: Common Measurements in Exercise Physiology

Control of the Internal Environment

Bioenergetics

Exercise Metabolism

Cell Signaling and Hormonal Response to Exercise

Exercise and the Immune System

The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement

Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function

Circulatory Responses to Exercise

Acid-Base Balance

Temperature Regulation

Physiology of Training: Effect on Vo2 Max, Performance, and Strength

Preventing Chronic Disease: Physical Activity and Healthy Eating

Work Tests to Evaluate Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Exercise Prescriptions for Health and Fitness

Exercise Prescriptions for Health and Fitness

Nutrition and Body Composition for Health

Factors Affecting Performance

Laboratory Assessment of Human Performance

Training for Performance

Training for the Female Athlete, Children, Special Populations, and the Masters Athlete

Nutrition, Body Composition, and Performance

Exercise and the Environment

Ergogenic Aids

Filters

A by-product of anaerobic glycolysis in red blood cells that shifts the O₂-Hb dissociation curve to the right at high altitude is

During exercise at sea level,young,healthy untrained subjects generally maintain exercise arterial PO₂ within