Question 1

What is the primary source of ATP production in ultra short-term (high intensity)exercise performances (i.e. ,exercise lasting less than 10 seconds)?

Accepted Answer

A) oxidative phosphorylation 
B) phosphocreatine (i.e. ,ATP-PC system) 
C) equal ATP production is derived from glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation 
D) equal ATP production is derived from phosphocreatine and oxidative phosphorylation 
A) oxidative phosphorylation 
B) phosphocreatine (i.e. ,ATP-PC system) 
C) equal ATP production is derived from glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation 
D) equal ATP production is derived from phosphocreatine and oxidative phosphorylation B

Question 2

In aerobic performances lasting 3 to 20 minutes,which of the following factors do not contribute to performance?

Accepted Answer

A) VO2 max 
B) Maximal cardiac output 
C) depletion of muscle glycogen 
D) Fiber type 
A) VO2 max 
B) Maximal cardiac output 
C) depletion of muscle glycogen 
D) Fiber type C

Question 3

During exercise,muscle ATP concentrations in skeletal muscles often fall to less than half of resting levels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

In events lasting 21 to 60 minutes,the athlete would typically work at _______% VO2 max.

Accepted Answer

A) <50 
B) <60 
C) <70 
D) <90 
A) <50 
B) <60 
C) <70 
D) <90

Question 5

Poor running economy can have a negative impact on running performance in events lasting 21-60 minutes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

One disadvantage of studying muscle fatigue in vivo is that________________.

Accepted Answer

A) these studies often produce correlative data and it is difficult to identify mechanisms. 
B) these studies are not physiological. 
C) these studies only allow the study of fatigue during endurance events. 
D) None of the above. 
A) these studies often produce correlative data and it is difficult to identify mechanisms. 
B) these studies are not physiological. 
C) these studies only allow the study of fatigue during endurance events. 
D) None of the above.

Question 7

Having a high VO2 max would be a primary factor for success in performances lasting

Accepted Answer

A) less than 10 seconds. 
B) 30 to 180 seconds. 
C) 3 to 20 minutes. 
D) >4 hours. 
A) less than 10 seconds. 
B) 30 to 180 seconds. 
C) 3 to 20 minutes. 
D) >4 hours.

Question 8

A subject,with eyes closed,repeatedly contracts a muscle until fatigue occurs.When the eyes are opened,the muscle's ability to produce force is improved.This experiment is a demonstration of fatigue being linked to which of the following sites?

Accepted Answer

A) muscle 
B) central nervous system 
C) mitochondria 
D) peripheral nervous system 
A) muscle 
B) central nervous system 
C) mitochondria 
D) peripheral nervous system

Question 9

A high H+ concentration can contribute to fatigue by

Accepted Answer

A) reducing the force generated per cross-bridge. 
B) interfering with Ca++ binding to troponin. 
C) inhibiting Ca++ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
D) All of the above answers are correct. 
A) reducing the force generated per cross-bridge. 
B) interfering with Ca++ binding to troponin. 
C) inhibiting Ca++ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
D) All of the above answers are correct.

Question 10

Free radicals can promote muscle fatigue in events lasting longer than 30 min minutes by

Accepted Answer

A) damaging contractile proteins and limiting the number of cross-bridges bound to actin. 
B) blocking action potential transmission across the neuromuscular junction. 
C) reducing ATP production. 
D) none of the above answers are correct 
A) damaging contractile proteins and limiting the number of cross-bridges bound to actin. 
B) blocking action potential transmission across the neuromuscular junction. 
C) reducing ATP production. 
D) none of the above answers are correct

Question 11

When the intensity of exercise exceeds 75% of VO2 max,which of the following fibers are likely brought into play?

Accepted Answer

A) Type I 
B) Type IIa 
C) Type IIx 
D) Type Ix 
A) Type I 
B) Type IIa 
C) Type IIx 
D) Type Ix

Question 12

Blood buffers would most likely improve performances lasting

Accepted Answer

A) less than 10 seconds. 
B) 30 to 180 seconds. 
C) 3 to 20 minutes. 
D) longer than 20 minutes. 
A) less than 10 seconds. 
B) 30 to 180 seconds. 
C) 3 to 20 minutes. 
D) longer than 20 minutes.

Question 13

Experiments have shown that following a series of voluntary contractions to produce skeletal muscle fatigue,electrical stimulation of the "fatigued" muscle group results in an increase in the maximal voluntary force production.This experiment suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A) exercise-induced muscle fatigue results from peripheral factors located within the muscle. 
B) exercise-induced muscle fatigue results from peripheral factors located at the neuromuscular junction. 
C) the upper limit of voluntary strength is psychologically set and that the central nervous system can limit performance. 
D) None of the above answers are correct 
A) exercise-induced muscle fatigue results from peripheral factors located within the muscle. 
B) exercise-induced muscle fatigue results from peripheral factors located at the neuromuscular junction. 
C) the upper limit of voluntary strength is psychologically set and that the central nervous system can limit performance. 
D) None of the above answers are correct

Question 14

Running performances lasting 21 to 60 minutes always involve an energy expenditure equal to VO2 max.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

At three minutes of all-out high-intensity exercise,__________ of the ATP is derived from aerobic sources.

Accepted Answer

A) 10% 
B) 40% 
C) 60% 
D) 90% 
A) 10% 
B) 40% 
C) 60% 
D) 90%

Question 16

Which of the following has been shown to interfere with cross-bridge "cycling" during exercise?

Accepted Answer

A) an accumulation of ATP 
B) an accumulation of H+ 
C) a decrease in Na+ 
D) a decrease in Pi (inorganic phosphate) 
A) an accumulation of ATP 
B) an accumulation of H+ 
C) a decrease in Na+ 
D) a decrease in Pi (inorganic phosphate)

Question 17

Which of the following durations of exercise would environmental factors play the largest role in determining performance?

Accepted Answer

A) events <10 seconds duration 
B) events 10-180 seconds duration 
C) events lasting 3-20 minutes duration 
D) events lasting 1-4 hours 
A) events <10 seconds duration 
B) events 10-180 seconds duration 
C) events lasting 3-20 minutes duration 
D) events lasting 1-4 hours

Question 18

Fatigue refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the sensation of pain associated with repeated muscle contractions. 
B) an inability to maintain power output during repeated contractions. 
C) the feeling of sleepiness that occurs during repeated muscle contractions. 
D) an increased free radical production that occurs during repeated muscle contractions. 
A) the sensation of pain associated with repeated muscle contractions. 
B) an inability to maintain power output during repeated contractions. 
C) the feeling of sleepiness that occurs during repeated muscle contractions. 
D) an increased free radical production that occurs during repeated muscle contractions.

Question 19

In examining the mechanisms for exercise-induced fatigue,the vast majority of the evidence points to the

Accepted Answer

A) central nervous system 
B) the alpha motor neuron in the spinal cord 
C) periphery (i.e. ,peripheral fatigue) 
D) Both A and B are correct 
A) central nervous system 
B) the alpha motor neuron in the spinal cord 
C) periphery (i.e. ,peripheral fatigue) 
D) Both A and B are correct

Question 20

Running economy becomes an increasingly important determinant of success as the duration of the performance increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 20: Factors Affecting Performance

What is the primary source of ATP production in ultra short-term (high intensity)exercise performances (i.e. ,exercise lasting less than 10 seconds)?

In aerobic performances lasting 3 to 20 minutes,which of the following factors do not contribute to performance?

During exercise,muscle ATP concentrations in skeletal muscles often fall to less than half of resting levels.

In events lasting 21 to 60 minutes,the athlete would typically work at _______% VO2 max.

Poor running economy can have a negative impact on running performance in events lasting 21-60 minutes.

One disadvantage of studying muscle fatigue in vivo is that________________.

Having a high VO2 max would be a primary factor for success in performances lasting

A subject,with eyes closed,repeatedly contracts a muscle until fatigue occurs.When the eyes are opened,the muscle's ability to produce force is improved.This experiment is a demonstration of fatigue being linked to which of the following sites?

A high H+ concentration can contribute to fatigue by

Free radicals can promote muscle fatigue in events lasting longer than 30 min minutes by

When the intensity of exercise exceeds 75% of VO2 max,which of the following fibers are likely brought into play?

Blood buffers would most likely improve performances lasting

Experiments have shown that following a series of voluntary contractions to produce skeletal muscle fatigue,electrical stimulation of the "fatigued" muscle group results in an increase in the maximal voluntary force production.This experiment suggests that:

Running performances lasting 21 to 60 minutes always involve an energy expenditure equal to VO2 max.

At three minutes of all-out high-intensity exercise,__________ of the ATP is derived from aerobic sources.

Which of the following has been shown to interfere with cross-bridge "cycling" during exercise?

Which of the following durations of exercise would environmental factors play the largest role in determining performance?

Fatigue refers to

In examining the mechanisms for exercise-induced fatigue,the vast majority of the evidence points to the

Running economy becomes an increasingly important determinant of success as the duration of the performance increases.

Introduction to Exercise Physiology

A: Common Measurements in Exercise Physiology

B: Common Measurements in Exercise Physiology

Control of the Internal Environment

Bioenergetics

Exercise Metabolism

Cell Signaling and Hormonal Response to Exercise

Exercise and the Immune System

The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement

Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function

Circulatory Responses to Exercise

Respiration During Exercise

Acid-Base Balance

Temperature Regulation

Physiology of Training: Effect on Vo2 Max, Performance, and Strength

Preventing Chronic Disease: Physical Activity and Healthy Eating

Work Tests to Evaluate Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Exercise Prescriptions for Health and Fitness

Exercise Prescriptions for Health and Fitness

Nutrition and Body Composition for Health

Laboratory Assessment of Human Performance

Training for Performance

Training for the Female Athlete, Children, Special Populations, and the Masters Athlete

Nutrition, Body Composition, and Performance

Exercise and the Environment

Ergogenic Aids

Filters

In events lasting 21 to 60 minutes,the athlete would typically work at _______% VO₂ max.

Having a high VO₂ max would be a primary factor for success in performances lasting

A high H⁺ concentration can contribute to fatigue by

When the intensity of exercise exceeds 75% of VO₂ max,which of the following fibers are likely brought into play?

Running performances lasting 21 to 60 minutes always involve an energy expenditure equal to VO₂ max.