Exam 12: Adulthood: Body and Mind

Posttraumatic stress disorder is an anxiety disorder that develops as a delayed reaction to having experienced or witnessed a shocking or frightening event.

Children whose parents use psychological control as a means of discipline are more likely to _____.

"If you draw a pretty picture for me, I will give you a certificate as a reward," the researcher told Amy. After receiving her reward, Amy was given the opportunity to draw some more pictures just for fun. If Amy was like most children, what was she likely to do?

The number of violent crimes committed by teenagers and young adults plummeted about 15 years after the sharp decline in blood lead levels in preschool children.

Preschoolers are likely to overestimate their abilities.

Actions that avert harm in a high-risk situation, such as using seat belts in cars, are considered _____.

_____ differences are biological and _____ differences are culturally prescribed.

According to Freud, what emotions occur during the phallic stage? What behaviors does a child exhibit by the end of this stage?

Public health experts prefer the term _____ to accident prevention.

Describe neglectful/uninvolved parenting, and compare it to the permissive parenting style.

The individual most likely to have grown up with permissive parents is _____.

Harm or endangerment about which someone has notified the authorities is called _____.

Two-year-old Julia repeatedly exclaims, "Me do it!" when her mother tries to help her. Although this behavior is frustrating, her mother understands that doing things independently will develop Julia's sense of _____.

Tertiary prevention is the term for actions that change overall background conditions to prevent some unwanted event or circumstance, such as injury, disease, or abuse.

The individual most likely to have grown up with authoritative parents is _____.

Authoritarian parents often _____.

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, a typical 5-year-old child is in the _____ stage of development.

Psychological control is a punishment in which children's shame, guilt, and gratitude are used to control their behavior.

A method of discipline that evokes a child's shame, guilt, and gratitude in order to control his or her behavior is called _____ control.

A form of foster care in which a relative of a maltreated child, usually a grandparent, becomes the approved caregiver is called _____.