Exam 3: The First Two Years: Body and Mind

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College courses that are offered solely online are called _____. Typically, thousands of students enroll in these courses.

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massive open online courses (MOOCs)

The average young adult holds one to two distinct jobs between the ages of 18 and 25.

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Give an example of a potential positive outcome of emerging adult's increased willingness to take risks. Give an example of a potential negative outcome of emerging adult's increased willingness to take risks.

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The emerging adult's willingness to take chances sometimes is beneficial. For example, enrolling in college, moving to a new state or nation, getting married, and having a baby are all risky behaviors. So is starting a business, filming a documentary, entering an athletic contest, enlisting in the military, or joining the Peace Corps. Emerging adults do all these more than older adults, and societies benefit.
However, risk taking is often destructive. Although their bodies are strong and their reactions quick, emerging adults nonetheless have more serious accidents than do people of any other age. The same impulses that are admired by the young in extreme sports also lead to actions that are clearly destructive, not only for individuals but for the community. The most studied of these are sexual risks and drug abuse. Both promiscuity and drug use increase in emerging adulthood, which suggests that one might lead to the other.

Largely due to the sexual activities of young adults, _____ has become a worldwide epidemic.

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An individual is likely to have higher self-esteem while in emerging adulthood than adolescence.

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Which of the following statements is NOT true about emerging adulthood?

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Allostasis refers to long-term adjustment, whereas homeostasis requires a more prompt response from the body systems.

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Cognitive flexibility, particularly the ability to change childhood assumptions, is needed to counter stereotypes.

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The period of life during which 18- to 25-year-old men and women continue their education and exploration, often postponing marriage, parenthood, and career, is called _____.

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If it gets chilly, allostasis causes pores to constrict and bodies to shiver.

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Building on Piaget's four stages of cognitive development, some developmentalists have proposed an additional stage referred to as _____ thought.

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A person's personality cannot change after adolescence.

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The worry that one's appearance or behavior will be misused to confirm another person's oversimplified, prejudiced attitude is referred to as _____.

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The number of for-profit colleges has _____ since 1980.

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There is a noticeable trend among emerging adults to postpone, but not totally reject, the commitment of _____.

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When an unmarried couple lives together in a combined household, they are _____.

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Emerging adults rarely experience serious illness.

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In researching cross-sex friendships, Dr. Danek has found that they are _____.

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As students progress through college they usually are more able to see multiple perspectives.

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What evidence is there to support the existence of a fifth stage of cognitive development?

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