Exam 10: Early Hominins and Australopithecus

The Toumai fossil,or Sahelanthropus tchadensis was discovered in __________.

At 2.5 million years ago __________ were all contemporaries on the African continent.

Discuss the role of primate studies in developing models for the origins of bipedalism and human intelligence.In what ways are they valuable? What limitations are there in the use of such studies?

The differences in the pelvis of a biped compared to the pelvis of a quadruped are needed to __________.

The length of the arms decreased in hominin species over time because __________.

The Hominin family includes __________.

Robust australopithecines probably had a diet that was __________.

Martin Pickford and Brigitte Senut have claimed Orrorin tugensis to be a biped based on __________.

Most Australopithecus africanus finds have been dated to between __________.

A bipedal foot contains both a transverse and a longitudinal arch.

Research suggests that differences in tool use among chimpanzee populations are the result of __________.

Summarize ecological and dietary scenarios for the evolution of bipedalism.

Direct physical evidence of human ancestors is obtainable only through __________.

At present the most likely candidate for the stem hominin is _________.

Natural selection will always select for a bigger brain over other possible solutions if a larger brain is possible.

The only two species of early hominin known from western Africa are __________.

Today,humans are the only bipedal mammals.

The Taung child belongs to which hominin species?

The fundamental adaptation that defines hominins is __________.

The Toumai fossil is estimated to be __________.