Question 1

Metal pipes, used to carry water, sometimes burst in the winter because:

Accepted Answer

A)  metal contracts more than water 
B)  outside of the pipe contracts more than the inside 
C)  metal becomes brittle when cold 
D)  ice expands when it melts 
E)  water expands when it freezes 
A)  metal contracts more than water 
B)  outside of the pipe contracts more than the inside 
C)  metal becomes brittle when cold 
D)  ice expands when it melts 
E)  water expands when it freezes E

Question 2

The specific heat of a substance is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of heat energy to change the state of one gram of the substance 
B)  the amount of heat energy per unit mass emitted by oxidizing the substance 
C)  the amount of heat energy per unit mass to raise the substance from its freezing to its boiling point 
D)  the amount of heat energy per unit mass to raise the temperature of the substance by 1 $\degree$C 
E)  the temperature of the object divided by its mass 
A)  the amount of heat energy to change the state of one gram of the substance 
B)  the amount of heat energy per unit mass emitted by oxidizing the substance 
C)  the amount of heat energy per unit mass to raise the substance from its freezing to its boiling point 
D)  the amount of heat energy per unit mass to raise the temperature of the substance by 1 $\degree$C 
E)  the temperature of the object divided by its mass D

Question 3

In an adiabatic process:

Accepted Answer

A)  the energy absorbed as heat equals the work done by the system on its environment 
B)  the energy absorbed as heat equals the work done by the environment on the system 
C)  the energy absorbed as heat equals the change in internal energy 
D)  the work done by the environment on the system equals the change in internal energy 
E)  the work done by the system on its environment equals to the change in internal energy 
A)  the energy absorbed as heat equals the work done by the system on its environment 
B)  the energy absorbed as heat equals the work done by the environment on the system 
C)  the energy absorbed as heat equals the change in internal energy 
D)  the work done by the environment on the system equals the change in internal energy 
E)  the work done by the system on its environment equals to the change in internal energy D

Question 4

Heat is:

Accepted Answer

A)  energy transferred by virtue of a temperature difference 
B)  energy transferred by macroscopic work 
C)  energy content of an object 
D)  a temperature difference 
E)  a property objects have by virtue of their temperatures 
A)  energy transferred by virtue of a temperature difference 
B)  energy transferred by macroscopic work 
C)  energy content of an object 
D)  a temperature difference 
E)  a property objects have by virtue of their temperatures

Question 5

A cube of aluminum has an edge length of 20 cm. Aluminum has a density 2.7 times that of water (1 g/cm3) and a specific heat 0.217 times that of water (1 cal/g.C˚). When the internal energy of the cube increases by 47000 cal its temperature increases by:

Accepted Answer

A)  5 C˚ 
B)  10 C˚ 
C)  20 C˚ 
D)  100 C˚ 
E)  200 C˚ 
A)  5 C˚ 
B)  10 C˚ 
C)  20 C˚ 
D)  100 C˚ 
E)  200 C˚

Question 6

Object A, with heat capacity CA and initially at temperature TA, is placed in thermal contact with object B, with heat capacity CB and initially at temperature TB. The combination is thermally isolated. If the heat capacities are independent of the temperature and no phase changes occur, the final temperature of both objects is:

Accepted Answer

A)  (CATA - CBT
B) /(CA + C
B)  
B)  (CATA + CBT
B) /(CA + C
B)  
C)  (CATA - CBT
B) /(CA - C
B)  
D)  (CA - C
B) $\mid$TA - TB$\mid$ 
E)  (CA + C
B) $\mid$TA - TB$\mid$ 
A)  (CATA - CBT
B) /(CA + C
B)  
B)  (CATA + CBT
B) /(CA + C
B)  
C)  (CATA - CBT
B) /(CA - C
B)  
D)  (CA - C
B) $\mid$TA - TB$\mid$ 
E)  (CA + C
B) $\mid$TA - TB$\mid$

Question 7

The heat capacity of an object is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of heat energy to raise its temperature by 1 $\degree$C 
B)  the amount of heat energy to change its state without changing its temperature 
C)  the amount of heat energy per kilogram to raise its temperature by 1 $\degree$C 
D)  the ratio of its specific heat to that of water 
E)  the change in its temperature caused by adding 1 J of heat 
A)  the amount of heat energy to raise its temperature by 1 $\degree$C 
B)  the amount of heat energy to change its state without changing its temperature 
C)  the amount of heat energy per kilogram to raise its temperature by 1 $\degree$C 
D)  the ratio of its specific heat to that of water 
E)  the change in its temperature caused by adding 1 J of heat

Question 8

The same energy Q enters five different substances as heat.

Accepted Answer

A)  The temperature of 3 g of substance A by 10 K 
B)  The temperature of 4 g of substance B by 4 K 
C)  The temperature of 6 g of substance C by 15 K 
D)  The temperature of 8 g of substance D by 5 K 
E)  The temperature of 10 g of substance E by 10 K Which of these has the greatest specific heat? 
A)  The temperature of 3 g of substance A by 10 K 
B)  The temperature of 4 g of substance B by 4 K 
C)  The temperature of 6 g of substance C by 15 K 
D)  The temperature of 8 g of substance D by 5 K 
E)  The temperature of 10 g of substance E by 10 K Which of these has the greatest specific heat?

Question 9

Which one of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  temperatures differing by 25 $\degree$on the Fahrenheit scale must differ by 45 $\degree$on the Celsius scale 
B)  40 K corresponds to -40 $\degree$C 
C)  temperatures which differ by 10 $\degree$on the Celsius scale must differ by 18 $\degree$ on the Fahrenheit scale 
D)  water at 90 $\degree$C is warmer than water at 202 $\degree$F 
E)  0 $\degree$F corresponds to -32 $\degree$C 
A)  temperatures differing by 25 $\degree$on the Fahrenheit scale must differ by 45 $\degree$on the Celsius scale 
B)  40 K corresponds to -40 $\degree$C 
C)  temperatures which differ by 10 $\degree$on the Celsius scale must differ by 18 $\degree$ on the Fahrenheit scale 
D)  water at 90 $\degree$C is warmer than water at 202 $\degree$F 
E)  0 $\degree$F corresponds to -32 $\degree$C

Question 10

A certain humidifier operates by raising water to the boiling point and then evaporating it. Every minute 30 g of water at 20$\degree$C are added to replace the 30 g that are evaporated. The heat of fusion of water is333 kJ/kg, the heat of vaporization is 2256 kj/kg, and the specific heat is 4190 J/kg K.How many joules of energy per minute does this humidifier require?

Accepted Answer

A)  4800 
B)  18,600 
C)  16,200 
D)  24,600 
E)  2400 
A)  4800 
B)  18,600 
C)  16,200 
D)  24,600 
E)  2400

Question 11

It is more difficult to measure the coefficient of volume expansion of a liquid than that of a solid because:

Accepted Answer

A)  no relation exists between linear and volume expansion coefficients 
B)  a liquid tends to evaporate 
C)  a liquid expands too much when heated 
D)  a liquid expands too little when heated 
E)  the containing vessel also expands 
A)  no relation exists between linear and volume expansion coefficients 
B)  a liquid tends to evaporate 
C)  a liquid expands too much when heated 
D)  a liquid expands too little when heated 
E)  the containing vessel also expands

Question 12

Of the following which might NOT vanish over one cycle of a cyclic process?

Accepted Answer

A)  at wor done by the substance minus the energy absorbed by the substance as heat 
B)  the change in the pressure of the substance 
C)  the energy absorbed by the substance as heat 
D)  the change in the volume of the substance 
E)  the change in the temperature of the substance 
A)  at wor done by the substance minus the energy absorbed by the substance as heat 
B)  the change in the pressure of the substance 
C)  the energy absorbed by the substance as heat 
D)  the change in the volume of the substance 
E)  the change in the temperature of the substance

Question 13

The "triple point" of a substance is that point for which the temperature and pressure are such that:

Accepted Answer

A)  only solid and liquid are in equilibrium 
B)  only liquid and vapor are in equilibrium 
C)  only solid and vapor are in equilibrium 
D)  solid, liquid and vapor are all in equilibrium 
E)  the temperature, pressure and density are all numerically equal 
A)  only solid and liquid are in equilibrium 
B)  only liquid and vapor are in equilibrium 
C)  only solid and vapor are in equilibrium 
D)  solid, liquid and vapor are all in equilibrium 
E)  the temperature, pressure and density are all numerically equal

Question 14

The Stanford linear accelerator contains hundreds of brass disks tightly fitted into a steel tube (see figure). The coefficient of linear expansion of the brass is 2.00 *10-5 per C$\degree$. The system was assembled by cooling the disks in dry ice (-57$\degree$C) to enable them to just slide into the close-fitting tube. If the diameter of a disk is 80.00 mm at 43$\degree$C, what is its diameter in the dry ice?

Accepted Answer

A)  78.40 mm 
B)  79.68 mm 
C)  80.16 mm 
D)  79.84 mm 
E)  none of these 
A)  78.40 mm 
B)  79.68 mm 
C)  80.16 mm 
D)  79.84 mm 
E)  none of these

Question 15

On a very cold day, a child puts his tongue against a fence post. It is much more likely that his tongue will stick to a steel post than to a wooden post. This is because:

Accepted Answer

A)  steel has a higher specific heat 
B)  steel is a better radiator of heat 
C)  steel has a higher specific gravity 
D)  steel is a better heat conductor 
E)  steel is a highly magnetic material 
A)  steel has a higher specific heat 
B)  steel is a better radiator of heat 
C)  steel has a higher specific gravity 
D)  steel is a better heat conductor 
E)  steel is a highly magnetic material

Question 16

An iron stove, used for heating a room by radiation, is more efficient if:

Accepted Answer

A)  its inner surface is highly polished 
B)  its inner surface is covered with aluminum paint 
C)  its outer surface is covered with aluminum paint 
D)  its outer surface is rough and black 
E)  its outer surface is highly polished 
A)  its inner surface is highly polished 
B)  its inner surface is covered with aluminum paint 
C)  its outer surface is covered with aluminum paint 
D)  its outer surface is rough and black 
E)  its outer surface is highly polished

Question 17

The specific heat of lead is 0.030 cal/g. $\degree$C. 300 g of lead shot at 100$\degree$C is mixed with 100 g of water at 70$\degree$C in an insulated container. The final temperature of the mixture is:

Accepted Answer

A)  100$\degree$C 
B)  85.5$\degree$C 
C)  79.5$\degree$C 
D)  74.5$\degree$C 
E)  72.5$\degree$C 
A)  100$\degree$C 
B)  85.5$\degree$C 
C)  79.5$\degree$C 
D)  74.5$\degree$C 
E)  72.5$\degree$C

Question 18

According to the first law of thermodynamics, applied to a gas, the increase in the internal energy during any process:

Accepted Answer

A)  equals the heat input minus the work done on the gas 
B)  equals the heat input plus the work done on the gas 
C)  equals the work done on the gas minus the heat input 
D)  is independent of the heat input 
E)  is independent of the work done on the gas 
A)  equals the heat input minus the work done on the gas 
B)  equals the heat input plus the work done on the gas 
C)  equals the work done on the gas minus the heat input 
D)  is independent of the heat input 
E)  is independent of the work done on the gas

Question 19

Constant-volume gas thermometers using different gases all indicate nearly the same temperature when in contact with the same object if:

Accepted Answer

A)  the volumes are all extremely large 
B)  the volumes are all the same 
C)  the pressures are all extremely large 
D)  the pressures are the same 
E)  the particle concentrations are all extremely small 
A)  the volumes are all extremely large 
B)  the volumes are all the same 
C)  the pressures are all extremely large 
D)  the pressures are the same 
E)  the particle concentrations are all extremely small

Question 20

The rate of heat flow by condition through a slab does NOT depend upon the:

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature difference between opposite faces of the slab 
B)  thermal conductivity of the slab 
C)  slab thickness 
D)  cross-sectional area of the slab 
E)  specific heat of the slab 
A)  temperature difference between opposite faces of the slab 
B)  thermal conductivity of the slab 
C)  slab thickness 
D)  cross-sectional area of the slab 
E)  specific heat of the slab

Exam 18: Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics

Metal pipes, used to carry water, sometimes burst in the winter because:

The specific heat of a substance is:

In an adiabatic process:

Heat is:

A cube of aluminum has an edge length of 20 cm. Aluminum has a density 2.7 times that of water (1 g/cm3) and a specific heat 0.217 times that of water (1 cal/g.C˚). When the internal energy of the cube increases by 47000 cal its temperature increases by:

The heat capacity of an object is:

The same energy Q enters five different substances as heat.

Which one of the following statements is true?

It is more difficult to measure the coefficient of volume expansion of a liquid than that of a solid because:

Of the following which might NOT vanish over one cycle of a cyclic process?

The "triple point" of a substance is that point for which the temperature and pressure are such that:

On a very cold day, a child puts his tongue against a fence post. It is much more likely that his tongue will stick to a steel post than to a wooden post. This is because:

An iron stove, used for heating a room by radiation, is more efficient if:

The specific heat of lead is 0.030 cal/g. °\degree° C. 300 g of lead shot at 100 °\degree° C is mixed with 100 g of water at 70 °\degree° C in an insulated container. The final temperature of the mixture is:

According to the first law of thermodynamics, applied to a gas, the increase in the internal energy during any process:

Constant-volume gas thermometers using different gases all indicate nearly the same temperature when in contact with the same object if:

The rate of heat flow by condition through a slab does NOT depend upon the:

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A cube of aluminum has an edge length of 20 cm. Aluminum has a density 2.7 times that of water (1 g/cm³) and a specific heat 0.217 times that of water (1 cal/g.C˚). When the internal energy of the cube increases by 47000 cal its temperature increases by:

The specific heat of lead is 0.030 cal/g. $\degree$ C. 300 g of lead shot at 100 $\degree$ C is mixed with 100 g of water at 70 $\degree$ C in an insulated container. The final temperature of the mixture is: