Question 1

How does being an isotope influence the charge of the atom?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does being an isotope influence the...

Question 2

Why is water the universal solvent?

Accepted Answer

A)  When cold, water breaks other molecules very easily. 
B)  When warm, water breaks other molecules very easily. 
C)  Molecules are slightly positively charged on one side and slightly negatively charged on the other. 
D)  Molecules are neutral all around. 
A)  When cold, water breaks other molecules very easily. 
B)  When warm, water breaks other molecules very easily. 
C)  Molecules are slightly positively charged on one side and slightly negatively charged on the other. 
D)  Molecules are neutral all around.

Question 3

How do mineral substitutions occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  If minerals deep within the Earth's surface melt, elements may mix together and substitute within mineral structures. 
B)  If minerals in water dissolve, elements may mix together and substitute within mineral structures. 
C)  Elements that do not have similar ionic charge or size often attract each other and substitute within mineral structures. 
D)  Elements with similar ionic charge, size, or both substitute for each other within mineral structures. 
A)  If minerals deep within the Earth's surface melt, elements may mix together and substitute within mineral structures. 
B)  If minerals in water dissolve, elements may mix together and substitute within mineral structures. 
C)  Elements that do not have similar ionic charge or size often attract each other and substitute within mineral structures. 
D)  Elements with similar ionic charge, size, or both substitute for each other within mineral structures.

Question 4

Calcite and halite are both held together by ionic bonds. Calcite has a +2 charge and halite a +1. Which is stronger?

Accepted Answer

A)  halite 
B)  calcite 
C)  they are equally strong 
D)  they are equally weak 
A)  halite 
B)  calcite 
C)  they are equally strong 
D)  they are equally weak

Question 5

Why would a small amount of iron drastically change the color of quartz? (2.2)

Accepted Answer

The extremely small abundances of extra

Question 6

Covalent bonds are found in quartz. What could this suggest about its physical properties?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a harder mineral. 
B)  It is purple. 
C)  It is malleable. 
D)  It is a conductor of electricity. 
A)  It is a harder mineral. 
B)  It is purple. 
C)  It is malleable. 
D)  It is a conductor of electricity.

Question 7

Ionic bonds, metallic bonds, or a mixture of both dominate most minerals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Why is copper used for electrical wiring?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an excellent conductor of electricity. 
B)  It is very rigid. 
C)  It has a metallic luster. 
D)  It is rare, explaining why wiring is expensive. 
A)  It is an excellent conductor of electricity. 
B)  It is very rigid. 
C)  It has a metallic luster. 
D)  It is rare, explaining why wiring is expensive.

Question 9

Look up the chemical formula for the mineral graphite. Is it composed of molecules?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Look up the chemical formula for the...

Question 10

Which is not a factor that determines if bond strength will increase?

Accepted Answer

A)  close distance of atoms 
B)  larger nuclei in atoms 
C)  greater charge of particles 
D)  larger size of molecules 
A)  close distance of atoms 
B)  larger nuclei in atoms 
C)  greater charge of particles 
D)  larger size of molecules

Question 11

About how many minerals make up the majority of rocks on Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  12 
C)  40 
D)  100 
A)  10 
B)  12 
C)  40 
D)  100

Question 12

Determine if cubic zirconia meets the definition of a mineral. If the substance doesn't meet the definition, specify which part of the definition doesn't apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  not a mineral because it's not a naturally occurring solid 
B)  not a mineral because it's organic 
C)  not a mineral because it doesn't possess a definite or slightly variable chemical composition 
D)  not a mineral because it's not ordered atomic structure 
E)  It's a mineral because it meets all the required characteristics. 
A)  not a mineral because it's not a naturally occurring solid 
B)  not a mineral because it's organic 
C)  not a mineral because it doesn't possess a definite or slightly variable chemical composition 
D)  not a mineral because it's not ordered atomic structure 
E)  It's a mineral because it meets all the required characteristics.

Question 13

The Mohs hardness scale is a relative scale and not an absolute scale.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is true about quartz?

Accepted Answer

A)  It fractures in unpredictable patterns. 
B)  It forms eight-sided crystals. 
C)  It has two directions of cleavage. 
D)  It has three directions of cleavage. 
A)  It fractures in unpredictable patterns. 
B)  It forms eight-sided crystals. 
C)  It has two directions of cleavage. 
D)  It has three directions of cleavage.

Question 15

Diamond can cut through quartz. What does this suggest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Quartz is very weak. 
B)  Diamond is very strong. 
C)  Quartz is somewhat weak and diamond is somewhat strong. 
D)  Both are very weak but diamond is only a bit strong. 
A)  Quartz is very weak. 
B)  Diamond is very strong. 
C)  Quartz is somewhat weak and diamond is somewhat strong. 
D)  Both are very weak but diamond is only a bit strong.

Question 16

What would happen if there were only three positive ions available to bond with a silica tetrahedron?

Accepted Answer

It would m

Question 17

Graphite is a mineral but sugar is not. Why is this so?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sugar is naturally occurring, but graphite is manufactured. 
B)  Graphite has an orderly arrangement of atoms, but sugar does not. 
C)  Graphite is inorganic but sugar is organic. 
D)  Sugar is not an important material for manufacturing. 
A)  Sugar is naturally occurring, but graphite is manufactured. 
B)  Graphite has an orderly arrangement of atoms, but sugar does not. 
C)  Graphite is inorganic but sugar is organic. 
D)  Sugar is not an important material for manufacturing.

Question 18

How many elements make up most of Earth's crust?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  12 
C)  40 
D)  100 
A)  4 
B)  12 
C)  40 
D)  100

Question 19

Why are diamonds so much harder than graphite if they both only consist of carbon atoms? (2.6)

Accepted Answer

Diamond and graphite consist only of car

Question 20

What is different about metallic bonds? (2.3)

Accepted Answer

Electrons roam freely within metallic su

Exam 2: Minerals: Building Blocks of the Planet

How does being an isotope influence the charge of the atom?

Why is water the universal solvent?

How do mineral substitutions occur?

Calcite and halite are both held together by ionic bonds. Calcite has a +2 charge and halite a +1. Which is stronger?

Why would a small amount of iron drastically change the color of quartz? (2.2)

Covalent bonds are found in quartz. What could this suggest about its physical properties?

Ionic bonds, metallic bonds, or a mixture of both dominate most minerals.

Why is copper used for electrical wiring?

Look up the chemical formula for the mineral graphite. Is it composed of molecules?

Which is not a factor that determines if bond strength will increase?

About how many minerals make up the majority of rocks on Earth's surface?

Determine if cubic zirconia meets the definition of a mineral. If the substance doesn't meet the definition, specify which part of the definition doesn't apply.

The Mohs hardness scale is a relative scale and not an absolute scale.

Which of the following is true about quartz?

Diamond can cut through quartz. What does this suggest?

What would happen if there were only three positive ions available to bond with a silica tetrahedron?

Graphite is a mineral but sugar is not. Why is this so?

How many elements make up most of Earth's crust?

Why are diamonds so much harder than graphite if they both only consist of carbon atoms? (2.6)

What is different about metallic bonds? (2.3)

Why Study Earth

Rocks and Rock-Forming Processes

Formation of Magma and Igneous Rocks

Formation of Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Formation of Metamorphic Rocks

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Making Earth

Motion Inside Earth

Deformation of Rocks

Global Tectonics: Plates and Plumes

Tectonics and Surface Relief

Soil Formation and Landscape Stability

Mass Movements: Landscapes in Motion

Streams: Flowing Water Shapes the Landscape

Water Flowing Underground

Glaciers: Cold-Climate Sculptors of Continents

Shorelines: Changing Landscapes Where Land Meets Sea

Wind: a Global Geologic Process

Global Warming: Real Time Change in the Earth System

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