Question 1

​Which of these best explains the recent drop in cancer death rates in the U.S.?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Better procedures for treatment of cancer 
B)  ​Better techniques for diagnosis of cancer 
C)  ​Changes in the lifestyles of many citizens 
D)  ​Both a and c have contributed to this drop 
A)  ​Better procedures for treatment of cancer 
B)  ​Better techniques for diagnosis of cancer 
C)  ​Changes in the lifestyles of many citizens 
D)  ​Both a and c have contributed to this drop D

Question 2

Evaluate the trends in cancer deaths over the past 100 years in the United States.​

Accepted Answer

A. During almost all of the 20th century, cancer deaths increased, but that trend stopped in 1993, and overall cancer deaths began to decline.
 1. The decline is partly attributable to changes in lifestyle, which lower the incidence of cancer.
 2. Early diagnosis and more effective treatments have also played a role.
B. Death rates for some types of cancer decreased in the past 50 years.
 1. For example, for both men and women, stomach and colorectal cancers have decreased.
 2. For women, death from uterine cancer has decreased.
C. However, incidence of some cancers has increased.
 1. Liver cancer deaths are increasing.
 3. Melanoma, a highly fatal form of skin cancer, is increasing.
 4. Cancer of the esophagus is on the rise for men but on the decline for women.
D. Some of the cancers responsible for many deaths have begun to decline.
 1. Prostate cancer diagnoses increased sharply during the 1980s but decreased during the 1990s. 
 2. For men, lung cancer deaths have dropped sharply during the past dozen years, but deaths for women have remained about the same. However, at the present time, lung cancer deaths are the greatest sources of cancer deaths for both men and women in the U.S.

Question 3

When cancer patients have surgery, what do researchers find they frequently get in terms of emotional support compared to other surgery patients?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​More emotional support, and distributed equally across all types of cancers 
B)  ​Less emotional support, and distributed equally across all types of cancers 
C)  ​More emotional support, and particularly with breast and prostate cancers 
D)  ​Less emotional support, and particularly with breast and prostate cancers 
A)  ​More emotional support, and distributed equally across all types of cancers 
B)  ​Less emotional support, and distributed equally across all types of cancers 
C)  ​More emotional support, and particularly with breast and prostate cancers 
D)  ​Less emotional support, and particularly with breast and prostate cancers D

Question 4

Which of these ethnic groups has the strongest risk for colorectal cancer deaths?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Hispanic Americans 
B)  ​European Americans 
C)  ​African Americans 
D)  Asian Americans 
A)  ​Hispanic Americans 
B)  ​European Americans 
C)  ​African Americans 
D)  Asian Americans

Question 5

Most cancer deaths in the United States are caused by​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​pollution. 
B)  ​genetic factors. 
C)  ​diet and smoking. 
D)  ​damage by the sun. 
A)  ​pollution. 
B)  ​genetic factors. 
C)  ​diet and smoking. 
D)  ​damage by the sun.

Question 6

Research indicates that a diagnosis of cancer often​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​leads to feelings of fear, anxiety, and anger in most patients. 
B)  ​leads to committing suicide in about 25% of patients. 
C)  ​leads to significant psychosocial problems in most patients. 
D)  ​leads to clinical depression in more than half of patients. 
A)  ​leads to feelings of fear, anxiety, and anger in most patients. 
B)  ​leads to committing suicide in about 25% of patients. 
C)  ​leads to significant psychosocial problems in most patients. 
D)  ​leads to clinical depression in more than half of patients.

Question 7

Kristy is a 21-year-old college student who is concerned about breast cancer because both her mother and grandmother developed the disease before the age of 55. Current evidence shows that Kristy can reduce her chances of breast cancer through​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​continuing not to drink. 
B)  ​continuing not to smoke. 
C)  ​regular physical activity. 
D)  ​engaging in all of these. 
A)  ​continuing not to drink. 
B)  ​continuing not to smoke. 
C)  ​regular physical activity. 
D)  ​engaging in all of these.

Question 8

Women whose mothers developed breast cancer before age 40, compared with those whose mothers did not have cancer, are​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​about two times more likely to develop breast cancer. 
B)  ​about five to ten times as likely to develop breast cancer. 
C)  ​no more likely to have breast cancer. 
D)  ​much less likely to have breast cancer. 
A)  ​about two times more likely to develop breast cancer. 
B)  ​about five to ten times as likely to develop breast cancer. 
C)  ​no more likely to have breast cancer. 
D)  ​much less likely to have breast cancer.

Question 9

​Differentiate malignant from nonmalignant growths.

Accepted Answer

A. Both types consist of neoplastic cell

Question 10

Thus far, research evidence suggests that psychological interventions _________.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​prolong the lives of those with cancer 
B)  ​improve short-term emotional support 
C)  ​can accomplish both (a) and also (b) 
D)  ​can accomplish neither (a) nor (b) 
A)  ​prolong the lives of those with cancer 
B)  ​improve short-term emotional support 
C)  ​can accomplish both (a) and also (b) 
D)  ​can accomplish neither (a) nor (b)

Question 11

All cancer tumors are​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​invasive. 
B)  ​neoplastic. 
C)  ​malignant. 
D)  ​all of these. 
A)  ​invasive. 
B)  ​neoplastic. 
C)  ​malignant. 
D)  ​all of these.

Question 12

Inherited genetic mutations are most likely to lead to which kinds of cancers?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Cancers of the reproductive systems 
B)  ​Cancers of the endocrine system 
C)  ​Cancers of the digestive system 
D)  ​Cancers of both (a) and (c) 
A)  ​Cancers of the reproductive systems 
B)  ​Cancers of the endocrine system 
C)  ​Cancers of the digestive system 
D)  ​Cancers of both (a) and (c)

Question 13

In the United States,​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​most people with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma do not have AIDS. 
B)  ​most people with Kaposi's sarcoma do not have AIDS. 
C)  ​most people with rectal cancer have AIDS. 
D)  ​most people with colon cancer have AIDS. 
A)  ​most people with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma do not have AIDS. 
B)  ​most people with Kaposi's sarcoma do not have AIDS. 
C)  ​most people with rectal cancer have AIDS. 
D)  ​most people with colon cancer have AIDS.

Question 14

​Individuals who keep a healthy weight, maintain a healthy diet, stay physically active, and drink in moderation have a _____ lower risk for cancer-related death than individuals who do not adhere to those healthy behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​21% 
B)  ​30% 
C)  ​48% 
D)  ​66% 
A)  ​21% 
B)  ​30% 
C)  ​48% 
D)  ​66%

Question 15

The BRCA genes are related to breast cancer;​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​women with these genes are about 20 times as likely to develop breast cancer as women without them. 
B)  ​women with mutated forms of these genes are vulnerable to breast cancer. 
C)  ​these genes are responsible for about 50% of breast cancer cases. 
D)  ​women with these genes will develop breast cancer, and 40% of them will do so before age 35. 
A)  ​women with these genes are about 20 times as likely to develop breast cancer as women without them. 
B)  ​women with mutated forms of these genes are vulnerable to breast cancer. 
C)  ​these genes are responsible for about 50% of breast cancer cases. 
D)  ​women with these genes will develop breast cancer, and 40% of them will do so before age 35.

Question 16

​Women with a mutated form of the BRCA 1 gene are as many as ______ as likely to develop _______ cancer as someone who has the non-mutated form of the gene.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​seven times; lung 
B)  ​seven times; breast 
C)  ​twice; breast 
D)  ​twice; lung 
A)  ​seven times; lung 
B)  ​seven times; breast 
C)  ​twice; breast 
D)  ​twice; lung

Question 17

Among women in the United States, breast cancer has the highest death rate but not the highest incidence.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Elsa has recently experienced fatigue, weight change, hair loss, nausea, loss of sexual interest, sleep problems, and loss of appetite after her treatment for cancer. These symptoms are most likely to follow​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​chemotherapy. 
B)  ​surgery. 
C)  ​hormonal treatment. 
D)  ​immunotherapy. 
A)  ​chemotherapy. 
B)  ​surgery. 
C)  ​hormonal treatment. 
D)  ​immunotherapy.

Question 19

Skin cancer is more common among​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​dark-skinned people. 
B)  ​light-skinned people. 
C)  ​light-skinned people who avoid the sun. 
D)  ​people in Europe rather than people in the United States. 
A)  ​dark-skinned people. 
B)  ​light-skinned people. 
C)  ​light-skinned people who avoid the sun. 
D)  ​people in Europe rather than people in the United States.

Question 20

Recent evidence suggests that genetic factors play the biggest part in the development of _____ cancer.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​breast 
B)  ​prostate 
C)  ​lung 
D)  ​colorectal 
A)  ​breast 
B)  ​prostate 
C)  ​lung 
D)  ​colorectal

Which of these best explains the recent drop in cancer death rates in the U.S.?

Evaluate the trends in cancer deaths over the past 100 years in the United States.

When cancer patients have surgery, what do researchers find they frequently get in terms of emotional support compared to other surgery patients?

Which of these ethnic groups has the strongest risk for colorectal cancer deaths?

Most cancer deaths in the United States are caused by

Research indicates that a diagnosis of cancer often

Kristy is a 21-year-old college student who is concerned about breast cancer because both her mother and grandmother developed the disease before the age of 55. Current evidence shows that Kristy can reduce her chances of breast cancer through

Women whose mothers developed breast cancer before age 40, compared with those whose mothers did not have cancer, are

Differentiate malignant from nonmalignant growths.

Thus far, research evidence suggests that psychological interventions _________.

All cancer tumors are

Inherited genetic mutations are most likely to lead to which kinds of cancers?

In the United States,

Individuals who keep a healthy weight, maintain a healthy diet, stay physically active, and drink in moderation have a _____ lower risk for cancer-related death than individuals who do not adhere to those healthy behaviors.

The BRCA genes are related to breast cancer;

Women with a mutated form of the BRCA 1 gene are as many as as likely to develop _ cancer as someone who has the non-mutated form of the gene.

Among women in the United States, breast cancer has the highest death rate but not the highest incidence.

Elsa has recently experienced fatigue, weight change, hair loss, nausea, loss of sexual interest, sleep problems, and loss of appetite after her treatment for cancer. These symptoms are most likely to follow

Skin cancer is more common among

Recent evidence suggests that genetic factors play the biggest part in the development of _____ cancer.

Introducing Health Psychology

Conducting Health Research

Seeking and Receiving Health Care

Adhering to Healthy Behavior

Defining, Measuring, and Managing Stress

Understanding Stress, Immunity, and Disease

Understanding and Managing Pain

Considering Alternative Approaches

Behaivoral Factors in Cardiovascular Disease

Living With Chronic Illness

Smoking Tobacco

Using Alcohol and Other Drugs

Eating and Weight

Exercising

Future Challenges

Filters

Exam 10: Behavioral Factors in Cancer