Question 1

One of the most significant items of scientific evidence for global climate change is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the 85% reduction in the size of ice fields atop Mount Kilimanjaro, in Tanzania. 
B)  a 2°F increase in global temperatures during the last 200 years. 
C)  the decrease of sea levels by 12 cm during the last 100 years. 
D)  increased precipitation in the Gobi desert. 
A)  the 85% reduction in the size of ice fields atop Mount Kilimanjaro, in Tanzania. 
B)  a 2°F increase in global temperatures during the last 200 years. 
C)  the decrease of sea levels by 12 cm during the last 100 years. 
D)  increased precipitation in the Gobi desert. A

Question 2

The increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere and sea due to human activity is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  one of the many climate fluctuations in Earth's history. 
B)  global warming. 
C)  the effects from a change in Earth's gravitational pull. 
D)  the solar flares on the Sun. 
A)  one of the many climate fluctuations in Earth's history. 
B)  global warming. 
C)  the effects from a change in Earth's gravitational pull. 
D)  the solar flares on the Sun. B

Question 3

Climate scientists predict that shifting patterns of precipitation and increasing dryness in areas like the American Southwest and Midwest will result in:

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in the thickness of the polar ice caps. 
B)  decreases in human population density. 
C)  dramatic increases in species extinction rates. 
D)  a reduction of agricultural production and therefore a reduced food supply. 
A)  increase in the thickness of the polar ice caps. 
B)  decreases in human population density. 
C)  dramatic increases in species extinction rates. 
D)  a reduction of agricultural production and therefore a reduced food supply. B

Question 4

Physical anthropologist John Hawks and colleagues suggest that evolution is speeding up as population size continues to _________ and _________are introduced.

Accepted Answer

A)  rise; parasites 
B)  mushroom; new mutations 
C)  decrease; ancestral traits 
D)  maintain its current stasis; no new genes 
A)  rise; parasites 
B)  mushroom; new mutations 
C)  decrease; ancestral traits 
D)  maintain its current stasis; no new genes

Question 5

Both genetic mutation and selection have recently been linked to the development of pale skin in:

Accepted Answer

A)  ancient Asian populations. 
B)  ancient African populations. 
C)  relatively recent European farming populations. 
D)  ancient European populations. 
A)  ancient Asian populations. 
B)  ancient African populations. 
C)  relatively recent European farming populations. 
D)  ancient European populations.

Question 6

As glaciers and ice caps melt_________ and _________ will occur.

Accepted Answer

A)  flooding of low-lying areas; loss of millions of acres of habitable land 
B)  more fresh water will be released; increases in agriculture and population sustainability 
C)  ocean temperatures will increase; species die off 
D)  both a. and c. 
A)  flooding of low-lying areas; loss of millions of acres of habitable land 
B)  more fresh water will be released; increases in agriculture and population sustainability 
C)  ocean temperatures will increase; species die off 
D)  both a. and c.

Question 7

The global warming that naturally occurred during the Eocene resulted in the rise of the primate order; the global warming that is taking place today will likely have negative impacts for humans, such as:

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in crop production as a result of decreased precipitation. 
B)  extinction of certain species unrelated to habitat loss. 
C)  lower sea levels, resulting in the addition of coastal lands on multiple continents. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  changes in crop production as a result of decreased precipitation. 
B)  extinction of certain species unrelated to habitat loss. 
C)  lower sea levels, resulting in the addition of coastal lands on multiple continents. 
D)  none of the above

Question 8

Global warming is the result of anthropogenic interference, which is:

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution in action. 
B)  nothing new. 
C)  nonhuman. 
D)  human. 
A)  evolution in action. 
B)  nothing new. 
C)  nonhuman. 
D)  human.

Question 9

A common basis for adaptation to changing circumstances in humans is:

Accepted Answer

A)  biological. 
B)  genetic. 
C)  technological. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  biological. 
B)  genetic. 
C)  technological. 
D)  none of the above

Question 10

The health effects of industrialization include:

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in asthma. 
B)  an increase in environmental pollutants. 
C)  a decrease in processed and refined foods in the diet. 
D)  a reduction in poverty. 
A)  a decrease in asthma. 
B)  an increase in environmental pollutants. 
C)  a decrease in processed and refined foods in the diet. 
D)  a reduction in poverty.

Question 11

Barry Popkin found that owing to_________ and _________, obesity levels in many parts of the developing world now match that of the United States.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased levels of malnutrition; poverty 
B)  obese adult males; their role as leaders of the family diet 
C)  obese adult females; their role as food preparers 
D)  dietary change; reduced physical activity 
A)  increased levels of malnutrition; poverty 
B)  obese adult males; their role as leaders of the family diet 
C)  obese adult females; their role as food preparers 
D)  dietary change; reduced physical activity

Question 12

Human populations living in areas of endemic malaria have a selective advantage if they carry:

Accepted Answer

A)  the allele for sickle-cell anemia. 
B)  the H2 haplotype. 
C)  the D32 mutation. 
D)  smallpox. 
A)  the allele for sickle-cell anemia. 
B)  the H2 haplotype. 
C)  the D32 mutation. 
D)  smallpox.

Question 13

The H2 haplotype on chromosome 17 occurs in about 21% of European women. Natural selection is strongly implicated because:

Accepted Answer

A)  H2 women are infertile. 
B)  H2 women have 3.5% more children than do non-H2 women. 
C)  H2 women have 25% more children than do non-H2 women. 
D)  H2 women suffer from high rates of tuberculosis. 
A)  H2 women are infertile. 
B)  H2 women have 3.5% more children than do non-H2 women. 
C)  H2 women have 25% more children than do non-H2 women. 
D)  H2 women suffer from high rates of tuberculosis.

Question 14

A publication in the year 2020 reports on the results of autopsies of elderly people in three cultures. Of individuals in the study, 90% showed signs of osteoporotic fractures and osteoporosis. The researchers suggest that in these cultures:

Accepted Answer

A)  longevity of individuals is decreasing. 
B)  longevity of individuals is increasing. 
C)  fewer dairy products were consumed than by individuals in other cultures, leading to bone conditions. 
D)  interpersonal violence leading to the fractures was more common. 
A)  longevity of individuals is decreasing. 
B)  longevity of individuals is increasing. 
C)  fewer dairy products were consumed than by individuals in other cultures, leading to bone conditions. 
D)  interpersonal violence leading to the fractures was more common.

Question 15

Biological evolution in humans and in other organisms is evidenced by:

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing numbers of antibiotic-resistant strains of tuberculosis. 
B)  low frequencies of the sickle-cell trait in malaria-endemic areas. 
C)  basic solutions for coping with climate change. 
D)  antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in hospitals. 
A)  increasing numbers of antibiotic-resistant strains of tuberculosis. 
B)  low frequencies of the sickle-cell trait in malaria-endemic areas. 
C)  basic solutions for coping with climate change. 
D)  antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in hospitals.

Question 16

Population increase creates many new hosts for infectious diseases, and _________ translates to _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  more organisms; more hosts 
B)  more viruses; more victims 
C)  more hosts; more organisms 
D)  more victims; more death 
A)  more organisms; more hosts 
B)  more viruses; more victims 
C)  more hosts; more organisms 
D)  more victims; more death

Question 17

Abundant evidence indicates:

Accepted Answer

A)  that humans are no longer evolving. 
B)  that humans continue to evolve. 
C)  that human evolution is not affected by changes in the environment . 
D)  none of the above 
A)  that humans are no longer evolving. 
B)  that humans continue to evolve. 
C)  that human evolution is not affected by changes in the environment . 
D)  none of the above

Question 18

Approximately _________ of urban populations reside in slums without access to basic sanitation.

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  75% 
C)  40% 
D)  25% 
A)  10% 
B)  75% 
C)  40% 
D)  25%

Question 19

Discuss how the process of globalization affects human biocultural variation today.

Accepted Answer

Globalization facilitates the movement o

Question 20

The incidence of diabetes has increased in adults by _________ in the last decade.

Accepted Answer

A)  20% 
B)  50% 
C)  75% 
D)  90% 
A)  20% 
B)  50% 
C)  75% 
D)  90%

One of the most significant items of scientific evidence for global climate change is:

The increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere and sea due to human activity is referred to as:

Climate scientists predict that shifting patterns of precipitation and increasing dryness in areas like the American Southwest and Midwest will result in:

Physical anthropologist John Hawks and colleagues suggest that evolution is speeding up as population size continues to _ and _are introduced.

Both genetic mutation and selection have recently been linked to the development of pale skin in:

As glaciers and ice caps melt_ and _ will occur.

The global warming that naturally occurred during the Eocene resulted in the rise of the primate order; the global warming that is taking place today will likely have negative impacts for humans, such as:

Global warming is the result of anthropogenic interference, which is:

A common basis for adaptation to changing circumstances in humans is:

The health effects of industrialization include:

Barry Popkin found that owing to_ and _, obesity levels in many parts of the developing world now match that of the United States.

Human populations living in areas of endemic malaria have a selective advantage if they carry:

The H2 haplotype on chromosome 17 occurs in about 21% of European women. Natural selection is strongly implicated because:

A publication in the year 2020 reports on the results of autopsies of elderly people in three cultures. Of individuals in the study, 90% showed signs of osteoporotic fractures and osteoporosis. The researchers suggest that in these cultures:

Biological evolution in humans and in other organisms is evidenced by:

Population increase creates many new hosts for infectious diseases, and _ translates to _.

Abundant evidence indicates:

Approximately _________ of urban populations reside in slums without access to basic sanitation.

Discuss how the process of globalization affects human biocultural variation today.

The incidence of diabetes has increased in adults by _________ in the last decade.

What Is Physical Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and the Bioarchaeology of a Fundamental Transition

Filters

Exam 14: Evolution: Today and Tomorrow

One of the most significant items of scientific evidence for global climate change is:

The increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere and sea due to human activity is referred to as:

Climate scientists predict that shifting patterns of precipitation and increasing dryness in areas like the American Southwest and Midwest will result in:

Physical anthropologist John Hawks and colleagues suggest that evolution is speeding up as population size continues to _________ and _________are introduced.

Both genetic mutation and selection have recently been linked to the development of pale skin in:

As glaciers and ice caps melt_________ and _________ will occur.

The global warming that naturally occurred during the Eocene resulted in the rise of the primate order; the global warming that is taking place today will likely have negative impacts for humans, such as:

Global warming is the result of anthropogenic interference, which is:

A common basis for adaptation to changing circumstances in humans is:

The health effects of industrialization include:

Barry Popkin found that owing to_________ and _________, obesity levels in many parts of the developing world now match that of the United States.

Human populations living in areas of endemic malaria have a selective advantage if they carry:

The H2 haplotype on chromosome 17 occurs in about 21% of European women. Natural selection is strongly implicated because:

A publication in the year 2020 reports on the results of autopsies of elderly people in three cultures. Of individuals in the study, 90% showed signs of osteoporotic fractures and osteoporosis. The researchers suggest that in these cultures:

Biological evolution in humans and in other organisms is evidenced by:

Population increase creates many new hosts for infectious diseases, and _________ translates to _________.

Abundant evidence indicates:

Approximately _________ of urban populations reside in slums without access to basic sanitation.

Discuss how the process of globalization affects human biocultural variation today.

The incidence of diabetes has increased in adults by _________ in the last decade.

What Is Physical Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and the Bioarchaeology of a Fundamental Transition

Filters

Physical anthropologist John Hawks and colleagues suggest that evolution is speeding up as population size continues to _ and _are introduced.

As glaciers and ice caps melt_ and _ will occur.

Barry Popkin found that owing to_ and _, obesity levels in many parts of the developing world now match that of the United States.

Population increase creates many new hosts for infectious diseases, and _ translates to _.