Question 1

James Hutton is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptation. 
B)  catastrophism. 
C)  uniformitarianism. 
D)  principles of heredity. 
A)  adaptation. 
B)  catastrophism. 
C)  uniformitarianism. 
D)  principles of heredity. C

Question 2

The Human Genome Project has identified the location of genes that influence diseases such as:

Accepted Answer

A)  the common cold, flu, whooping cough, and meningitis. 
B)  high blood pressure, diabetes, sinus inflammation, and sickle-cell anemia. 
C)  sickle-cell anemia, breast cancer, Tay-Sachs, and cystic fibrosis. 
D)  thyroid disease, menopause, meningitis, and breast cancer. 
A)  the common cold, flu, whooping cough, and meningitis. 
B)  high blood pressure, diabetes, sinus inflammation, and sickle-cell anemia. 
C)  sickle-cell anemia, breast cancer, Tay-Sachs, and cystic fibrosis. 
D)  thyroid disease, menopause, meningitis, and breast cancer. C

Question 3

What is the significance for evolutionary theory of Darwin's analysis of the Galápagos finches? Provide at least one example in your answer.

Accepted Answer

The diversity of the various finch populations lent support to the idea that over time natural selection could transform a single common ancestral form into a variety of descendant species. This phenomenon is referred to as adaptive radiation. Each descendant species had adapted to its particular habitat; for example, the ground finch had evolved a more robust beak to accommodate a diet including hard objects such as seeds.

Question 4

The presence of iridium in geologic deposits around the world supported the theory that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the impact of a giant meteor that struck the Earth produced mass extinctions of dinosaur species across the planet. 
B)  alien material was a factor in the origins of species on this planet. 
C)  catastrophes occurred in the past and produced major changes in species, causing dinosaurs to adapt and eventually become mammals. 
D)  Cuvier's proposal of catastrophism as the theory explaining human origins is correct. 
A)  the impact of a giant meteor that struck the Earth produced mass extinctions of dinosaur species across the planet. 
B)  alien material was a factor in the origins of species on this planet. 
C)  catastrophes occurred in the past and produced major changes in species, causing dinosaurs to adapt and eventually become mammals. 
D)  Cuvier's proposal of catastrophism as the theory explaining human origins is correct.

Question 5

How did Lamarck contribute to the theory of evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  He discovered genetic mutation through experiments with pea plants. 
B)  He proposed the concept of natural selection after his voyage to the Galapagos Islands and his study of finches. 
C)  He did not but instead proposed an erroneous evolutionary mechanism known today as inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
D)  He did not but instead proposed a concept known today as gene flow. 
A)  He discovered genetic mutation through experiments with pea plants. 
B)  He proposed the concept of natural selection after his voyage to the Galapagos Islands and his study of finches. 
C)  He did not but instead proposed an erroneous evolutionary mechanism known today as inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
D)  He did not but instead proposed a concept known today as gene flow.

Question 6

The advantageous "attributes" to which Darwin refers are now known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  traits. 
B)  genes. 
C)  alleles. 
D)  chromosomes. 
A)  traits. 
B)  genes. 
C)  alleles. 
D)  chromosomes.

Question 7

Darwin drew on information from five scientific disciplines:

Accepted Answer

A)  geology, physical anthropology, taxonomy and systematics, demography, and evolutionary biology. 
B)  geology, paleontology, taxonomy and systematics, geography, and evolutionary biology. 
C)  geology, paleontology, taxonomy and systematics, demography, and biology. 
D)  geology, paleontology, taxonomy and systematics, demography, and evolutionary biology. 
A)  geology, physical anthropology, taxonomy and systematics, demography, and evolutionary biology. 
B)  geology, paleontology, taxonomy and systematics, geography, and evolutionary biology. 
C)  geology, paleontology, taxonomy and systematics, demography, and biology. 
D)  geology, paleontology, taxonomy and systematics, demography, and evolutionary biology.

Question 8

The English demographer whose work on population growth greatly influenced Darwin's thinking on population adaptation was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck. 
B)  Georges Cuvier. 
C)  Thomas Malthus. 
D)  Charles Lyell. 
A)  Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck. 
B)  Georges Cuvier. 
C)  Thomas Malthus. 
D)  Charles Lyell.

Question 9

What are the classification levels of humans from order to species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chordata, Mammalia, Haplorhini, Hominoidea, Homo, and sapiens 
B)  Primates, Haplorhini, Anthropoidea, Catarrhini, Hominoidea, Hominidea, Homininae, Hominine, Homo, and sapiens 
C)  Primates, Strepsirhini, Catarrhini, Hominoidea, Hominidea, Homo, and sapiens 
D)  Mammalia, Platyrrhini, Hominioidea, Hominidae, Homo, and sapiens 
A)  Chordata, Mammalia, Haplorhini, Hominoidea, Homo, and sapiens 
B)  Primates, Haplorhini, Anthropoidea, Catarrhini, Hominoidea, Hominidea, Homininae, Hominine, Homo, and sapiens 
C)  Primates, Strepsirhini, Catarrhini, Hominoidea, Hominidea, Homo, and sapiens 
D)  Mammalia, Platyrrhini, Hominioidea, Hominidae, Homo, and sapiens

Question 10

Why was Darwin's 1859 published theory of natural selection not widely accepted by his peers? What later scientific advance was critical to the subsequent broad acceptance of natural selection as a major force in evolutionary change?

Accepted Answer

Darwin's theory lacked a mechanism for t

Question 11

In your textbook, the lower frequency of sickle-cell anemia among present day American blacks as compared to West African blacks is attributed to:

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift. 
B)  gene flow. 
C)  new mutations. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  genetic drift. 
B)  gene flow. 
C)  new mutations. 
D)  none of the above

Question 12

Discuss the forces of evolution and their role in evolution.

Accepted Answer

Natural selection, g

Question 13

Zoonosis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the transfer of pathogens from other animals to humans. 
B)  the transfer of genes from other animals to humans. 
C)  a gene pool of nonhuman genes only. 
D)  the phenomenon of genetic change in nonhuman species. 
A)  the transfer of pathogens from other animals to humans. 
B)  the transfer of genes from other animals to humans. 
C)  a gene pool of nonhuman genes only. 
D)  the phenomenon of genetic change in nonhuman species.

Question 14

The individual genotypes in a breeding population, taken as a whole, are the:

Accepted Answer

A)  gene pool. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  genome. 
D)  polygene. 
A)  gene pool. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  genome. 
D)  polygene.

Question 15

Thomas Malthus's contribution to natural selection is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the binomial taxonomic system of naming species. 
B)  the theory that the Earth's old age is based on geologic evidence resulting from cataclysmic events. 
C)  the theory that events like warfare, disease, and famine are necessary to control population size and thereby reduce the risk of depleting resources. 
D)  the theory that environmental resources are subject to population pressures. 
A)  the binomial taxonomic system of naming species. 
B)  the theory that the Earth's old age is based on geologic evidence resulting from cataclysmic events. 
C)  the theory that events like warfare, disease, and famine are necessary to control population size and thereby reduce the risk of depleting resources. 
D)  the theory that environmental resources are subject to population pressures.

Question 16

Cuvier, Lamarck, and Erasmus Darwin all shared an idea of evolution; however, they all lacked:

Accepted Answer

A)  the longevity necessary for evolution to take place. 
B)  a basic understanding of inheritance. 
C)  an understanding of variation. 
D)  a mechanism for evolution. 
A)  the longevity necessary for evolution to take place. 
B)  a basic understanding of inheritance. 
C)  an understanding of variation. 
D)  a mechanism for evolution.

Question 17

Gene flow differs from genetic drift because:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is the random change in the frequency of alleles. 
B)  it is the random change in a gene or chromosome. 
C)  it is the guiding force of evolution. 
D)  it is the spread of new genetic material from one gene pool to another. 
A)  it is the random change in the frequency of alleles. 
B)  it is the random change in a gene or chromosome. 
C)  it is the guiding force of evolution. 
D)  it is the spread of new genetic material from one gene pool to another.

Question 18

Thomas Hunt Morgan:

Accepted Answer

A)  demonstrated that chromosomes carry genetic material in the form of genes. 
B)  studied mutations in Homo sapiens. 
C)  thought change was gradual and occurred over long time periods. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  demonstrated that chromosomes carry genetic material in the form of genes. 
B)  studied mutations in Homo sapiens. 
C)  thought change was gradual and occurred over long time periods. 
D)  none of the above

Question 19

According to Darwin, natural selection operates at the level of:

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals. 
B)  genes. 
C)  populations. 
D)  species. 
A)  individuals. 
B)  genes. 
C)  populations. 
D)  species.

Question 20

Charles Darwin's book On the Origin of Species (1859) was considered an important contribution to modern science because:

Accepted Answer

A)  it coined the concept of evolution. 
B)  it synthesized information from diverse scientific fields in order to document evolutionary change. 
C)  it was immediately and widely accepted by the scientific community as the mechanism for evolutionary change. 
D)  it proposed the use of the scientific method for the first time. 
A)  it coined the concept of evolution. 
B)  it synthesized information from diverse scientific fields in order to document evolutionary change. 
C)  it was immediately and widely accepted by the scientific community as the mechanism for evolutionary change. 
D)  it proposed the use of the scientific method for the first time.

James Hutton is associated with:

The Human Genome Project has identified the location of genes that influence diseases such as:

What is the significance for evolutionary theory of Darwin's analysis of the Galápagos finches? Provide at least one example in your answer.

The presence of iridium in geologic deposits around the world supported the theory that:

How did Lamarck contribute to the theory of evolution?

The advantageous "attributes" to which Darwin refers are now known as:

Darwin drew on information from five scientific disciplines:

The English demographer whose work on population growth greatly influenced Darwin's thinking on population adaptation was:

What are the classification levels of humans from order to species?

Why was Darwin's 1859 published theory of natural selection not widely accepted by his peers? What later scientific advance was critical to the subsequent broad acceptance of natural selection as a major force in evolutionary change?

In your textbook, the lower frequency of sickle-cell anemia among present day American blacks as compared to West African blacks is attributed to:

Discuss the forces of evolution and their role in evolution.

Zoonosis is:

The individual genotypes in a breeding population, taken as a whole, are the:

Thomas Malthus's contribution to natural selection is:

Cuvier, Lamarck, and Erasmus Darwin all shared an idea of evolution; however, they all lacked:

Gene flow differs from genetic drift because:

Thomas Hunt Morgan:

According to Darwin, natural selection operates at the level of:

Charles Darwin's book On the Origin of Species (1859) was considered an important contribution to modern science because:

What Is Physical Anthropology

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and the Bioarchaeology of a Fundamental Transition

Evolution: Today and Tomorrow

Filters

Exam 2: Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

James Hutton is associated with:

The Human Genome Project has identified the location of genes that influence diseases such as:

What is the significance for evolutionary theory of Darwin's analysis of the Galápagos finches? Provide at least one example in your answer.

The presence of iridium in geologic deposits around the world supported the theory that:

How did Lamarck contribute to the theory of evolution?

The advantageous "attributes" to which Darwin refers are now known as:

Darwin drew on information from five scientific disciplines:

The English demographer whose work on population growth greatly influenced Darwin's thinking on population adaptation was:

What are the classification levels of humans from order to species?

Why was Darwin's 1859 published theory of natural selection not widely accepted by his peers? What later scientific advance was critical to the subsequent broad acceptance of natural selection as a major force in evolutionary change?

In your textbook, the lower frequency of sickle-cell anemia among present day American blacks as compared to West African blacks is attributed to:

Discuss the forces of evolution and their role in evolution.

Zoonosis is:

The individual genotypes in a breeding population, taken as a whole, are the:

Thomas Malthus's contribution to natural selection is:

Cuvier, Lamarck, and Erasmus Darwin all shared an idea of evolution; however, they all lacked:

Gene flow differs from genetic drift because:

Thomas Hunt Morgan:

According to Darwin, natural selection operates at the level of:

Charles Darwin's book On the Origin of Species (1859) was considered an important contribution to modern science because:

What Is Physical Anthropology

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and the Bioarchaeology of a Fundamental Transition

Evolution: Today and Tomorrow

Filters