Question 1

The tendency to respond in what is believed to be a socially appropriate manner rather than according to how a person actually thinks,feels,or behaves is called the __________,and it is most problematic with ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  social desirability bias;self-report measures 
B)  social desirability bias;physiological measures 
C)  social expectancy bias;behavioral observations 
D)  social acceptability bias;self-report measures 
E)  social acceptability bias;reports by others

Question 2

Dr.Archer,who wants to study the effects of poverty on crime,selects a group of individuals,and collects information about each individual's annual income and criminal record (or lack thereof).Dr.Archer finds that income is negatively correlated with crime.On the basis of these findings we can conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)  as income decreases,crime increases. 
B)  as crime decreases,income increases. 
C)  low income causes crime. 
D)  income and crime increase together. 
E)  as income decreases,crime increases AND as crime decreases,income increases.

Question 3

To say that a study has high external validity means that

Accepted Answer

A)  the results of the study are reliable over time. 
B)  the hypothesis is clearly supported by the findings of the study. 
C)  the dependent variable caused the effects of the independent variable in the study. 
D)  the results of the study are generalizable. 
E)  the study is not confounded.

Question 4

You are trying to find out your friend's IQ.She won't tell you.But she did say that her Z-score on a standard Wechsler test (M = 100;SD = 15)was +2.0.What's her IQ?

Accepted Answer

A)  100 
B)  200 
C)  115 
D)  130 
E)  85

Question 5

Which if the following is NOT a measure of variability?

Accepted Answer

A)  median 
B)  range 
C)  standard deviation 
D)  variance 
E)  all are measures of variability

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a part of the scientific process?

Accepted Answer

A)  identify a question of interest 
B)  gather information and form hypothesis 
C)  conduct an experiment 
D)  analyze data 
E)  build a body of knowledge

Question 7

Dr.Samways is interested in the relationship between education level and annual income.He randomly selects 5000 Canadians and collects information about their highest completed education and last year's income.He then calculates a correlation coefficient,and finds that the correlation between education and income is +.78.On the basis of this correlation we can conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no relationship between education and income. 
B)  as education increases income also increases. 
C)  as education increases income decreases. 
D)  higher education causes higher income. 
E)  as education increase income also increases AND higher education causes higher income.

Question 8

The "Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists" lists basic principles that should be followed when psychologists are involved in

Accepted Answer

A)  teaching. 
B)  direct service. 
C)  research. 
D)  administration. 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 9

Let's say that you conduct a study on the effects of vitamin B12 on maze learning in rats.Your statistical analysis reveals that 60% of the variance can be accounted for by the manipulation of vitamin B12.The remaining variance (40%)is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  independent variance. 
B)  variable fluctuation. 
C)  factor analysis. 
D)  error variance. 
E)  normal variance.

Question 10

One of the main differences between theories and hypotheses,is that

Accepted Answer

A)  theories tend to be broader than hypotheses. 
B)  hypotheses tend to be broader than theories. 
C)  theories tend to be internally valid,whereas hypotheses tend to be externally valid. 
D)  theories use operational definitions,whereas hypotheses do not. 
E)  theories involve testable "If-Then" statements,whereas hypotheses do not.

Exam 2: Studying Behaviour Scientifically

The tendency to respond in what is believed to be a socially appropriate manner rather than according to how a person actually thinks,feels,or behaves is called the ,and it is most problematic with _.

To say that a study has high external validity means that

You are trying to find out your friend's IQ.She won't tell you.But she did say that her Z-score on a standard Wechsler test (M = 100;SD = 15) was +2.0.What's her IQ?

Which if the following is NOT a measure of variability?

Which of the following is NOT a part of the scientific process?

The "Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists" lists basic principles that should be followed when psychologists are involved in

Let's say that you conduct a study on the effects of vitamin B12 on maze learning in rats.Your statistical analysis reveals that 60% of the variance can be accounted for by the manipulation of vitamin B12.The remaining variance (40%) is referred to as

One of the main differences between theories and hypotheses,is that