Question 1

Despite its dangers, a young man continues to take cocaine because of the feelings of euphoria it produces for him. This powerful arousal of his nervous system is probably due to cocaine's ability to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibit enzymes that break down neurotransmitters 
B)  block the receptor sites for neurotransmitters 
C)  increase the release of neurotransmitters 
D)  prevent neurotransmitters from being reabsorbed into the synaptic vesicles

Question 2

The limbic system structures that seem especially important to emotions related to self- preservation and when stimulated cause fear or panic reactions or attack behaviors are the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  septum and the cingulate gyrus 
B)  amygdala and the hippocampus 
C)  hippocampus and the cingulate gyrus 
D)  reticular formation and the amygdala

Question 3

Which of the following have the most similar genetic composition?

Accepted Answer

A)  identical twins 
B)  cousins 
C)  fraternal twins 
D)  siblings

Question 4

Hypoglycemia results from secretion problems in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  kidneys 
B)  thyroid gland 
C)  pancreas 
D)  liver

Question 5

The part of the brain most people think of when they talk about the brain is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  pons 
B)  medulla 
C)  cerebellum 
D)  cerebrum

Question 6

Psychobiology overlaps with a much larger disciplinary field called ________, which specifically focuses on the study of the brain and the nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral genetics 
B)  neuroscience 
C)  endocrinology 
D)  neuroimmunology

Question 7

Corey was in an automobile accident that resulted in an injury to her brain. She now has difficulty with her hearing and her ability to recognize faces. The part of her brain most likely injured was her ________ lobe.

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal 
B)  temporal 
C)  occipital 
D)  parietal

Question 8

There are approximately ________ neurons in the brain of an average human being.

Accepted Answer

A)  100 trillion 
B)  100 billion 
C)  100 million 
D)  100 thousand

Question 9

A neuron will fire ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  in response to every impulse it receives 
B)  only when the incoming message is stronger than the neuron's threshold of excitation 
C)  only when the incoming messages are weaker than the neuron's threshold of excitation 
D)  only when it receives two incoming messages at the same time

Question 10

Tiny sacs in a synaptic knob that release chemicals into the synapse are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  synaptic nodes 
B)  synaptic knobs 
C)  synaptic vesicles 
D)  synaptic clefts

Question 11

Both CT scanning and MRI provide pictures of brain activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The branch of the autonomic nervous system that calms and relaxes the body is the ________ division.

Accepted Answer

A)  parasympathetic 
B)  secondary 
C)  sympathetic 
D)  central

Question 13

The effects of genetics are not always immediate or fully apparent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Terminal buttons are located ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  at the end of the axon 
B)  in the cell body 
C)  at the end of the dendrite 
D)  in the nodes of the myelin sheath

Question 15

From an evolutionary perspective, for mate selection in humans, it is most advantageous for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  both males and females to seek as many mates as possible 
B)  males to seek one long-term mate but for females to seek as many mates as possible 
C)  both males and females to seek one mate for life 
D)  females to seek one long-term mate but for males to seek as many mates as possible

Question 16

When sodium ions flow into a neuron and depolarize it, they create ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an action potential 
B)  breakdown of the cell nucleus 
C)  a relative refractory period 
D)  internal combustion

Question 17

Neurons that carry messages from the spinal cord or the brain to the muscles and glands are called ________ neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  efferent 
B)  afferent 
C)  association 
D)  primary

Question 18

Briefly describe the functions of the reticular formation and the limbic system. Explain what problems can result from damage or destruction of these areas.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe the functions of the reticular...

Question 19

Describe the process by which a neuron moves from a resting state to firing and then back to a resting state.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the process by which a neuron...

Question 20

Immediately after firing, a neuron cannot fire again no matter how strong the incoming messages may be. This period is called the ________ period.

Accepted Answer

A)  relative refractory 
B)  primary refractory 
C)  polarization 
D)  absolute refractory

Exam 2: The Biological Basis of Behavior