Question 1

When a neuron is stimulated sodium moves into the cell, causing the inside of the neuron to:

Accepted Answer

A)  become less negative relative to the outside. 
B)  become more negative relative to the outside. 
C)  remain neutral in charge. 
D)  become less positive relative to the outside.

Question 2

For years, the conventional assumption in neuroscience had been that neurons in the central nervous system could neither reproduce nor regenerate, but research has proven otherwise. Explain the startling results of studies that have overthrown the conventional wisdom regarding neuronal regeneration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For years, the conventional assumption in neuroscience...

Question 3

A young woman returns from a day at the beach to find she has developed a severe sunburn. Which neurons are sending the messages from her burned skin to her central nervous system, informing her of the pain from the burn?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neurons 
B)  motor neurons 
C)  synaptic neurons 
D)  association neurons

Question 4

The shape of the cerebrum in the human brain is likened to that of a:

Accepted Answer

A)  cauliflower. 
B)  sea horse. 
C)  almond. 
D)  cherry.

Question 5

Receptor sites on the membrane of a neuron's dendrites receive:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitters. 
B)  synaptic vesicles. 
C)  action potentials. 
D)  negative potassium ions.

Question 6

Emily is told by her physician that her symptoms are caused by the loss of myelin. Her diagnosis is most likely to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  Parkinson's disease. 
B)  Alzheimer's disease. 
C)  multiple sclerosis. 
D)  epilepsy.

Question 7

Soviet psychologist Alexander Luria studied individuals who had experienced damage to their frontal lobes. What functions of the frontal lobes were illustrated in Luria's work? Describe the startling observations made by Luria as he watched one man light a match and another man plane a piece of wood in a hospital carpentry shop.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Soviet psychologist Alexander Luria studied individuals who...

Question 8

_______________ are waves of electrical activity associated with particular stimuli such as seeing a picture or hearing a word.

Accepted Answer

A)  TMS 
B)  ERPs 
C)  EEGs 
D)  MRIs

Question 9

List the three main parts of the neuron and explain the role each plays in the transmission of neural communication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List the three main parts of the...

Question 10

A soldier whose best friend has been seriously injured in battle carries the wounded man to safety. After he reaches the medics, he realizes that he, too, is wounded. How could the soldier have carried his friend to safety without noticing the pain from his own wound?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A soldier whose best friend has been...

Question 11

The process by which a neuron gets its message across the synaptic cleft to another cell is best likened to:

Accepted Answer

A)  sailors carrying a message from one island to another. 
B)  fire travelling along the fuse of a firecracker. 
C)  dead tree limbs being pruned from a tree. 
D)  electricity travelling along a telephone wire.

Question 12

Joan is told by her physician that her symptoms are caused by a loss of myelin. Her symptoms would be most likely to include:

Accepted Answer

A)  burning fever. 
B)  problems with vision. 
C)  hallucinations. 
D)  psychosis.

Question 13

The _______________ receives, processes, interprets, and stores incoming information from the senses and also sends out messages destined for muscles, glands, and internal organs.

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiovascular system 
B)  central nervous system 
C)  endocrine system 
D)  lymphatic system

Question 14

Which of the following neurotransmitters functions as the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate 
B)  GABA 
C)  acetylcholine 
D)  norepinephrine

Question 15

Endorphin levels can shoot up when an animal or a person is afraid or under stress. Explain why this is adaptive through the development of your own example.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Endorphin levels can shoot up when an...

Question 16

Chemical substances secreted by glands that affect the functioning of bodily organs are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  endorphins. 
B)  neurotransmitters. 
C)  hormones. 
D)  opioid peptides.

Question 17

Famously, Phineas Gage is believed to have experienced a dramatic personality change after his accident. Which area of his brain is thought to have been damaged?

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobes 
B)  parietal lobes 
C)  occipital lobes 
D)  temporal lobes

Question 18

A PET scan:

Accepted Answer

A)  records brain waves through electrodes taped to the scalp. 
B)  records biochemical changes in the brain as they are happening. 
C)  stimulates the brain by producing a magnetic field through a wire coil. 
D)  uses radio frequencies and a magnetic field to produce images of the brain.

Question 19

A PET scan:

Accepted Answer

A)  records brain waves through electrodes taped to the scalp. 
B)  records biochemical changes in the brain as they are happening. 
C)  stimulates the brain by producing a magnetic field through a wire coil. 
D)  uses radio frequencies and a magnetic field to produce images of the brain.

Question 20

The subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that connects to sensory receptors and to skeletal muscles is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic nervous system. 
B)  parasympathetic nervous system. 
C)  somatic nervous system. 
D)  central nervous system.

Exam 4: The Brain and Nervous System

When a neuron is stimulated sodium moves into the cell, causing the inside of the neuron to:

A young woman returns from a day at the beach to find she has developed a severe sunburn. Which neurons are sending the messages from her burned skin to her central nervous system, informing her of the pain from the burn?

The shape of the cerebrum in the human brain is likened to that of a:

Receptor sites on the membrane of a neuron's dendrites receive:

Emily is told by her physician that her symptoms are caused by the loss of myelin. Her diagnosis is most likely to be:

_______________ are waves of electrical activity associated with particular stimuli such as seeing a picture or hearing a word.

List the three main parts of the neuron and explain the role each plays in the transmission of neural communication.

A soldier whose best friend has been seriously injured in battle carries the wounded man to safety. After he reaches the medics, he realizes that he, too, is wounded. How could the soldier have carried his friend to safety without noticing the pain from his own wound?

The process by which a neuron gets its message across the synaptic cleft to another cell is best likened to:

Joan is told by her physician that her symptoms are caused by a loss of myelin. Her symptoms would be most likely to include:

The _______________ receives, processes, interprets, and stores incoming information from the senses and also sends out messages destined for muscles, glands, and internal organs.

Which of the following neurotransmitters functions as the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?

Endorphin levels can shoot up when an animal or a person is afraid or under stress. Explain why this is adaptive through the development of your own example.

Chemical substances secreted by glands that affect the functioning of bodily organs are called:

Famously, Phineas Gage is believed to have experienced a dramatic personality change after his accident. Which area of his brain is thought to have been damaged?

A PET scan:

A PET scan:

The subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that connects to sensory receptors and to skeletal muscles is called the: