Question 1

The heritability of intelligence refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the extent to which an individual's intelligence is attributable to genetic factors. 
B) the portion of the variation in intelligence among a group of people that is attributable to genetic factors. 
C) the extent to which the intelligence test scores of a large group indicate an average IQ of 100. 
D) a general underlying intelligence factor that is measured by every task on an intelligence test.

Question 2

We fear too little those events that will claim lives

Accepted Answer

A) accidentally. 
B) undramatically. 
C) in the near future. 
D) in a highly memorable way.

Question 3

A reliance on quick intuitive judgments is best illustrated by our use of

Accepted Answer

A) convergent thinking. 
B) algorithms. 
C) trial and error. 
D) heuristics.

Question 4

With which of the following statements will people typically agree most quickly?

Accepted Answer

A) A penguin is a bird. 
B) A goose is a bird. 
C) A robin is a bird. 
D) An ostrich is a bird.

Question 5

Twenty-five-year-old Alex has an intellectual disability and can neither read nor write.However,after hearing lengthy,unfamiliar,and complex musical selections just once,he can reproduce them precisely on the piano.It is likely that Alex is

Accepted Answer

A) gifted with a superior level of Spearman's g factor. 
B) demonstrating a high level of emotional intelligence. 
C) above average in analytical intelligence. 
D) someone with savant syndrome.

Question 6

Because he mistakenly believes that older workers are not as motivated as younger workers to work hard,a factory foreman is especially vigilant for any signs of laziness among his senior workers.His supervision strategy best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) the availability heuristic. 
B) an algorithm. 
C) confirmation bias. 
D) framing.

Question 7

Simple thinking strategies that allow us to solve problems and make judgments efficiently are called

Accepted Answer

A) fixations. 
B) heuristics. 
C) prototypes. 
D) algorithms.

Question 8

The written exam for a driver's license would most likely be considered a(n)________ test.

Accepted Answer

A) achievement 
B) reliability 
C) aptitude 
D) intelligence

Question 9

The older a person is when moving to a new country,the harder it is to learn the language.This best illustrates the importance of ________ for learning language.

Accepted Answer

A) telegraphic speech 
B) a universal grammar 
C) heuristics 
D) a critical period

Question 10

The value of making a good first impression when you begin work for a new employer is best underscored by the research on

Accepted Answer

A) overconfidence. 
B) the framing effect. 
C) belief perseverance. 
D) the availability heuristic.

Question 11

A single memorable case of welfare fraud can have a greater impact on people's estimates of welfare abuse than do statistics showing that this case is actually the exception to the rule.This illustrates that judgments are influenced by

Accepted Answer

A) confirmation bias. 
B) overconfidence. 
C) belief perseverance. 
D) the availability heuristic.

Question 12

When we use the word automobile to refer to a category of transport vehicles,we are using this word as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) intuition. 
B) heuristic. 
C) concept. 
D) algorithm.

Question 13

Comparing the current intelligence test scores among people from distinctly different age groups requires

Accepted Answer

A) factor analysis. 
B) cross-sectional studies. 
C) heritability estimates. 
D) longitudinal studies.

Question 14

Spearman's g factor refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the genetic contribution to intelligence. 
B) a general intelligence that underlies successful performance on a wide variety of tasks. 
C) a highly developed skill or talent possessed by a person with an otherwise limited mental ability. 
D) the ability to understand and regulate emotions.

Question 15

The athletic intelligence seen in the smart split-second responses of highly skilled tennis players best illustrates the value of

Accepted Answer

A) intuition. 
B) divergent thinking. 
C) extrinsic motivation. 
D) an algorithm.

Question 16

Dr.Wie assesses the correlation between scores obtained on two halves of his new test to measure a person's ability to recognize the facial expressions of various emotions.He is checking the ________ of his new test.

Accepted Answer

A) reliability 
B) predictive validity 
C) standardization 
D) content validity

Question 17

An algorithm is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) simple thinking strategy for making decisions quickly and efficiently. 
B) testing method involving trial and error. 
C) automatic,intuitive judgment. 
D) methodical step-by-step procedure for solving problems.

Question 18

Researchers at one point in time assess and compare the performance of different age groups on the SAT.The procedure used in this research best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) a cross-sectional study. 
B) a factor analysis. 
C) a longitudinal study. 
D) predictive validity.

Question 19

The most creative scientists are those who

Accepted Answer

A) investigate issues about which they have very little previous knowledge. 
B) are intrinsically motivated to solve problems. 
C) have little tolerance for ambiguity. 
D) have a timid personality.

Question 20

Those who define intelligence as academic aptitude are most likely to criticize

Accepted Answer

A) Spearman's concept of general intelligence. 
B) Binet's concept of mental age. 
C) Gardner's concept of multiple intelligences. 
D) Sternberg's concept of analytical intelligence.

Exam 8: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence