Question 1

The range is

Accepted Answer

A) the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution. 
B) the most commonly used measure of variation. 
C) the average deviation of scores from the mean. 
D) the most frequently occurring score in a distribution of scores.

Question 2

Median is to range as central tendency is to

Accepted Answer

A) skewed distribution. 
B) mode. 
C) correlation. 
D) variation.

Question 3

A normal curve would be LEAST likely to characterize a large random sample of

Accepted Answer

A) body weights. 
B) intelligence scores. 
C) family incomes. 
D) professional baseball batting averages.

Question 4

The arithmetic average of a distribution of scores is the

Accepted Answer

A) mode. 
B) median. 
C) standard deviation. 
D) mean.

Question 5

To compare verbal intelligence at different age levels,researchers tested and retested a group of children from the time they were 2 until they reached the age of 20.The researchers were clearly conducting a

Accepted Answer

A) longitudinal study. 
B) correlation coefficient. 
C) cross-sectional study. 
D) regression toward the mean.

Question 6

If half the students at Quincy University have blue eyes,which of the following events is most probable?

Accepted Answer

A) In a class consisting of 15 students,80% or more have blue eyes. 
B) In a class consisting of 30 students,80% or more have blue eyes. 
C) In a class consisting of 45 students,80% or more have blue eyes. 
D) All of these answers are equally probable.

Question 7

Seven members of a debate club reported the following individual earnings from their sale of cakes: $7,$13,$3,$5,$2,$9,and $3.In this distribution of individual earnings,the

Accepted Answer

A) mean is greater than the mode and greater than the median. 
B) mean is equal to the mode and less than the median. 
C) mean is greater than the mode and equal to the median. 
D) mean is less than the mode and less than the median.

Question 8

The most frequently occurring score in a distribution of scores is the

Accepted Answer

A) mode. 
B) median. 
C) standard deviation. 
D) mean.

Question 9

Which of the following events is the most probable?

Accepted Answer

A) flipping 6 or more heads in 10 coin flips 
B) flipping 60 or more heads in 100 coin flips 
C) flipping 600 or more heads in 1000 coin flips 
D) All these events are equally probable.

Question 10

Which of the following statistical measures is most helpful for indicating the extent to which intelligence test scores can be used to predict grades in school?

Accepted Answer

A) mean 
B) standard deviation 
C) correlation coefficient 
D) range

Question 11

Which of the following correlations expresses the strongest degree of relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A) +0.10 
B) -0.67 
C) -0.10 
D) +0.59

Question 12

Statistical reasoning can help us to generalize correctly from a

Accepted Answer

A) range to a standard deviation. 
B) standard deviation to a mean. 
C) sample to a population. 
D) scatterplot to a skewed distribution.

Question 13

Approximately what percentage of the cases represented by the normal curve fall between -1 and +1 standard deviations from the mean?

Accepted Answer

A) 16 
B) 34 
C) 68 
D) 95

Question 14

Central tendency is to variation as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) scatterplot;correlation 
B) range;skewed distribution 
C) mean;standard deviation 
D) median;mode

Question 15

Statistical significance refers to whether research

Accepted Answer

A) variables are causally related. 
B) participants were randomly assigned to particular conditions. 
C) findings are due to chance variations. 
D) results add support to previous findings.

Question 16

Colette received an unusually high grade of A on her first biology test and a B+ on the second,even though she studied equally for both tests.Which of the following best explains Colette's deteriorating pattern of performance?

Accepted Answer

A) illusory correlation 
B) the illusion of control 
C) the random sampling effect 
D) regression toward the mean

Question 17

Seven members of a boys' club reported the following individual earnings from their sale of cookies: $2,$9,$8,$10,$4,$9,and $7.In this distribution of individual earnings

Accepted Answer

A) the median is greater than the mean and greater than the mode. 
B) the median is less than the mean and less than the mode. 
C) the median is greater than the mean and less than the mode. 
D) the median is less than the mean and greater than the mode.

Question 18

Research in which the same group is tested and retested over a period of years is a

Accepted Answer

A) cross-sectional study. 
B) scatterplot. 
C) longitudinal study. 
D) regression toward the mean.

Question 19

Professor Connally uses a scatterplot to display the relationship between students' intelligence test scores and the number of failing grades they have received.The points on the scatterplot are most likely clustered in a pattern that

Accepted Answer

A) resembles a U-shaped curve. 
B) extends from the upper left to the lower right. 
C) resembles a bell-shaped curve. 
D) extends from the lower left to the upper right.

Question 20

The standard deviation is a measure of

Accepted Answer

A) central tendency. 
B) variation. 
C) statistical significance. 
D) correlation.

Exam 15: Statistical Reasoning in Everyday Life