Question 1

Which of the following animals learned to understand English words,short sentences,and keyboard symbols without formal training?

Accepted Answer

A) Sultan,a chimpanzee 
B) Alex,an African grey parrot 
C) Rico,a border collie 
D) Kanzi,a bonobo

Question 2

How do psychometric and cognitive approaches to intelligence compare?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do psychometric and cognitive approaches to...

Question 3

Mindlessness occurs when we make decisions out of habit without stopping to analyze why.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Contrast the behaviours of college students who are weak in meta-cognition with those for whom meta-cognition is a strength.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Contrast the behaviours of college students who...

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the components in Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A) contextual intelligence 
B) experiential intelligence 
C) componential intelligence 
D) emotional intelligence

Question 6

In Canada,which of the following would be considered a prototype of the concept "sport"?

Accepted Answer

A) weight lifting 
B) track 
C) swimming 
D) hockey

Question 7

When individuals are asked to rate the effectiveness of condoms,they would rate a condom as effective if they were told:

Accepted Answer

A) that only 5 condom users out of every 100 are not protected against the AIDS virus. 
B) any of the options listed here,because each option describes the same probability. 
C) that the condom had a 5% failure rate in protecting against the AIDS virus. 
D) that the condom had a 95% success rate in protecting against the AIDS virus.

Question 8

Which of the following people is most likely to experience cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

A) the draftee who hates the army 
B) the lawyer who worked hard to complete law school and likes working as a lawyer 
C) the teenager who doesn't like the car a parent bought for him 
D) the smoker who knows that smoking causes lung cancer

Question 9

Concepts,the building blocks of thinking,would be of limited use to us if we merely stacked them up in our memories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

When it comes to thinking critically,people tend to apply a double standard.Explain how confirmation bias is linked to this double standard.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When it comes to thinking critically,people tend...

Question 11

The day after the election,Josephine says that she knew all along who the winner would be.She is:

Accepted Answer

A) exaggerating the improbable. 
B) exhibiting hindsight bias. 
C) exhibiting confirmation bias. 
D) avoiding loss.

Question 12

Research conducted with rhesus monkeys suggests that monkeys have a rudimentary sense of number.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A/An ________ process lies outside of awareness,but can be brought into consciousness when necessary.

Accepted Answer

A) unconscious 
B) subconscious 
C) nonconscious 
D) preconscious

Question 14

The tendency to look for or pay attention only to information that supports one's own belief is called:

Accepted Answer

A) mental set. 
B) mindlessness. 
C) confirmation bias. 
D) stereotype threat.

Question 15

In Chapter 9,the authors note that many adults take one position and that's that.How does this lack of reflective judgment and dialectical thinking relate to the critical thinking guidelines explained in Chapter 1?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Chapter 9,the authors note that many...

Question 16

Peter's mental representation of Canada Day includes associations (fireworks),attitudes (it will be fun to picnic with the whole family),and expectations (it is probably going to be crowded at the park on July 1).They are all part of his:

Accepted Answer

A) proposition concerning the holiday. 
B) heuristic of the holiday. 
C) nonconscious processing regarding the holiday. 
D) cognitive schema for the holiday.

Question 17

As Bud and his sister Marilou play bridge,he whispers that she should play her high cards first.Bud wants to make sure that Marilou remembers a/an ________ concerning bridge.

Accepted Answer

A) heuristic 
B) prototype 
C) deduction 
D) algorithm

Question 18

According to the availability heuristic,the tendency to judge the probability of an event depends on:

Accepted Answer

A) the burden of doubt people feel about their abilities to determine probability from available information. 
B) whether or not the event is more available mentally than other types of events. 
C) statistical consideration of the frequency with which the event occurs in everyday life. 
D) the need to be right,which makes it hard to listen to the available information with an open mind.

Question 19

Tracy does not have an unusually high IQ,but at work she was quickly promoted because she knows how to set priorities,communicate with management,and make others feel valued.Tracy has ________ about how to succeed on the job.

Accepted Answer

A) tacit knowledge 
B) effective prototypes 
C) developed an algorithm 
D) mental images

Question 20

________ is a state of tension that exists when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are inconsistent with one another.

Accepted Answer

A) Mental set 
B) Post-decision dissonance 
C) Cognitive dissonance 
D) Hindsight bias

Exam 9: Thinking and Intelligence

Which of the following animals learned to understand English words,short sentences,and keyboard symbols without formal training?

How do psychometric and cognitive approaches to intelligence compare?

Mindlessness occurs when we make decisions out of habit without stopping to analyze why.

Contrast the behaviours of college students who are weak in meta-cognition with those for whom meta-cognition is a strength.

Which of the following is NOT one of the components in Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?

In Canada,which of the following would be considered a prototype of the concept "sport"?

When individuals are asked to rate the effectiveness of condoms,they would rate a condom as effective if they were told:

Which of the following people is most likely to experience cognitive dissonance?

Concepts,the building blocks of thinking,would be of limited use to us if we merely stacked them up in our memories.

When it comes to thinking critically,people tend to apply a double standard.Explain how confirmation bias is linked to this double standard.

The day after the election,Josephine says that she knew all along who the winner would be.She is:

Research conducted with rhesus monkeys suggests that monkeys have a rudimentary sense of number.

A/An ________ process lies outside of awareness,but can be brought into consciousness when necessary.

The tendency to look for or pay attention only to information that supports one's own belief is called:

In Chapter 9,the authors note that many adults take one position and that's that.How does this lack of reflective judgment and dialectical thinking relate to the critical thinking guidelines explained in Chapter 1?

Peter's mental representation of Canada Day includes associations (fireworks) ,attitudes (it will be fun to picnic with the whole family) ,and expectations (it is probably going to be crowded at the park on July 1) .They are all part of his:

As Bud and his sister Marilou play bridge,he whispers that she should play her high cards first.Bud wants to make sure that Marilou remembers a/an ________ concerning bridge.

According to the availability heuristic,the tendency to judge the probability of an event depends on:

Tracy does not have an unusually high IQ,but at work she was quickly promoted because she knows how to set priorities,communicate with management,and make others feel valued.Tracy has ________ about how to succeed on the job.

________ is a state of tension that exists when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are inconsistent with one another.