Question 1

For children and adolescents,heritability estimates average around 0.75; that is,about three-quarters of the variance in IQ scores is explainable by genetic differences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Over the past century and a half,Darwin's ideas have been vehemently rejected by findings in anthropology,botany,and molecular genetics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Epigenetics refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) publication of Darwin's book On the Origin of Species. 
B) the forced sterilization of low IQ people. 
C) the study of changes in gene expression due to mechanisms other than structural changes in DNA. 
D) the study of changes in gene expression due to structural changes in DNA.

Question 4

Roger Bingham wrote: "We live in the space age with a brain from the stone age." This remark reflects the notion that:

Accepted Answer

A) human infants only have a rudimentary understanding of number,such as knowing that 2 is more than 1. 
B) if a trait exists today in the human population,it must be adaptive in some way. 
C) human children,like young animals,have an uncontrollable impulse to fool around. 
D) behaviours that were adaptive for our ancestors may be maladaptive for human beings today.

Question 5

Researchers in ________ emphasize the evolutionary mechanisms that might help explain commonalities in areas of human psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive psychology 
B) evolutionary psychology 
C) social Darwinism 
D) sociocultural psychology

Question 6

When she is teaching a class on "Our human heritage," Prof.Shelbourne,a sociobiologist,is likely to contend that:

Accepted Answer

A) evolution has bred into each of us a tendency to act in ways that maximize our chances of passing on our genes. 
B) evolution can explain simple behaviours,such as smiling or recognizing emotions,but it cannot account for complex social customs,such as altruism. 
C) it is simplistic and misleading for researchers to study nonhuman species and argue by analogy that humans have characteristics with similar evolutionary origins. 
D) explanations of infidelity and monogamy are based on stereotypes of gender differences,not the actual behaviour of human beings.

Question 7

Research in the United States indicates that the concentration of lead in black children's blood is 10% to 15% higher than in white children's blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

PKU (phenylketonuria)is a disorder that:

Accepted Answer

A) is correlated with an increased incidence of schizophrenia. 
B) always causes mental retardation. 
C) prevents the body from assimilating protein. 
D) is made worse when the person lives in stressful family circumstances.

Question 9

The four basic chemical elements of DNA are identified by the letters A,B,C,D.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

To transform surface structure into deep structure,children must:

Accepted Answer

A) attend to the semantic meanings of the words. 
B) apply rules of grammar. 
C) note the gestures used by the speaker. 
D) listen for cues based on intonation and pitch.

Question 11

The four basic chemical elements of DNA are identified by the letters A,T,C,G.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Even when a trait is highly heritable,it can still be modified by the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Evolutionary biologists often start with an observation about some characteristic and then try to account for it in evolutionary terms.How might they explain the difference in the plumage of male peacocks when compared to that of females?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evolutionary biologists often start with an observation...

Question 14

In the year ________ an international collaboration of researchers called the Human Genome Project and a private company,Celera Genomics,both announced that they had completed a rough draft of a map of the entire human genome.

Accepted Answer

A) 1985 
B) 1990 
C) 1995 
D) 2000

Question 15

The A,T,C,and G molecules in DNA code for the synthesis of:

Accepted Answer

A) genes. 
B) amino acids. 
C) RNA. 
D) proteins.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the important facts about heritability?

Accepted Answer

A) Estimates of heritability apply to variations within a group regardless of environment. 
B) Estimates apply only to a particular group living in a particular place. 
C) Estimates do not apply to individuals,but only to variations within a group. 
D) Even when a trait is highly heritable,it can still be modified by the environment.

Question 17

Match these descriptions with the appropriate concept.
-A change in gene frequencies within a population over many generations.

Accepted Answer

A) natural selection 
B) evolution 
C) empiricism 
D) heritability 
E) nativism

Question 18

The average IQ score for each age group is arbitrarily set at 100.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Those who believe that language and grammar are innate deny that nurture plays any significant role in language development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The notion that the wealthy and successful are more reproductively fit than other people is called:

Accepted Answer

A) sociobiology. 
B) neural networking. 
C) behavioural genetics. 
D) social Darwinism.

Exam 3: Genes,evolution,and Environment

For children and adolescents,heritability estimates average around 0.75; that is,about three-quarters of the variance in IQ scores is explainable by genetic differences.

Over the past century and a half,Darwin's ideas have been vehemently rejected by findings in anthropology,botany,and molecular genetics.

Epigenetics refers to:

Roger Bingham wrote: "We live in the space age with a brain from the stone age." This remark reflects the notion that:

Researchers in ________ emphasize the evolutionary mechanisms that might help explain commonalities in areas of human psychology.

When she is teaching a class on "Our human heritage," Prof.Shelbourne,a sociobiologist,is likely to contend that:

Research in the United States indicates that the concentration of lead in black children's blood is 10% to 15% higher than in white children's blood.

PKU (phenylketonuria) is a disorder that:

The four basic chemical elements of DNA are identified by the letters A,B,C,D.

To transform surface structure into deep structure,children must:

The four basic chemical elements of DNA are identified by the letters A,T,C,G.

Even when a trait is highly heritable,it can still be modified by the environment.

Evolutionary biologists often start with an observation about some characteristic and then try to account for it in evolutionary terms.How might they explain the difference in the plumage of male peacocks when compared to that of females?

In the year ________ an international collaboration of researchers called the Human Genome Project and a private company,Celera Genomics,both announced that they had completed a rough draft of a map of the entire human genome.

The A,T,C,and G molecules in DNA code for the synthesis of:

Which of the following is NOT one of the important facts about heritability?

Match these descriptions with the appropriate concept. -A change in gene frequencies within a population over many generations.

The average IQ score for each age group is arbitrarily set at 100.

Those who believe that language and grammar are innate deny that nurture plays any significant role in language development.

The notion that the wealthy and successful are more reproductively fit than other people is called: