Question 1

Describe the three key elements in the definition of motivation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the three key elements in the...

Question 2

________ is defined as the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.

Accepted Answer

A)  Leadership 
B)  Management 
C)  Learning 
D)  Motivation 
E)  Emotional labor

Question 3

Briefly explain Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory....

Question 4

Motivation is defined as the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Jackie thinks that she is paid a lot less than other employees in her division and feels extremely resentful. She starts taking long breaks and generally wastes time. Her actions resulted from a perceived lack of ________ justice.

Accepted Answer

A)  interactional 
B)  distributive 
C)  procedural 
D)  associative 
E)  interpersonal

Question 6

Under Theory Y, managers believe that employees inherently dislike work and must therefore be directed or even coerced into performing it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to Maslow, lower-order needs are satisfied internally while higher-order needs are satisfied externally.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Mark is an excellent technical writer. He has never missed a deadline and all his projects are of superior quality. He now wants to telecommute two days a week, so that he can spend more time with his family. He feels that he has proven his reliability. However, his boss is unable to comply with his request and gives him a substantial raise instead. According to the expectancy theory, Mark's disappointment demonstrates a breakdown in the ________ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  rewards-personal goals 
B)  performance-reward 
C)  effort-performance 
D)  effort-satisfaction 
E)  performance-achievement

Question 9

To get the best results while using reinforcement theory, rewards should be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  presented publicly with a large number of witnesses 
B)  large and given at irregular intervals 
C)  small and given only once 
D)  given prior to the desired behavior response 
E)  given immediately following the desired behavior

Question 10

People who pursue goals for intrinsic reasons are more likely to attain their goals and are happy even if they do not.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Helen, a high school teacher, wants her students to actively participate more in class. She has decided to use reinforcement theory to get the required results. Which of the following methods is she most likely to use?

Accepted Answer

A)  She is going to model what active participation should look like, at the beginning of class. 
B)  She is going to yell at students, telling them that they are not making good grades. 
C)  She is going to give students an extra mark each time that they contribute. 
D)  She is going to ask the students that always participate to allow the others to have a chance. 
E)  She is going to call on students who never participate.

Question 12

Which of the following is a motivational factor, according to Herzberg's two-factor theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  quality of supervision 
B)  recognition 
C)  relationships with others 
D)  company policies 
E)  pay

Question 13

If a manager incorrectly assumes that all employees want the same thing, then according to the expectancy theory, it is most likely to result in a weak ________ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  rewards-personal goals 
B)  performance-reward 
C)  effort-performance 
D)  effort-satisfaction 
E)  performance-achievement

Question 14

Self-generated feedback is a more powerful motivator than externally generated feedback.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In equity theory, individuals assess the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cost-benefit ratio 
B)  quantity-quality trade-off 
C)  efficiency-effectiveness trade-off 
D)  outcome-input ratio 
E)  quality of outcome

Question 16

If we consider Maslow's hierarchy of needs in the context of Japan, Greece, and Mexico, where uncertainty-avoidance characteristics are strong then ________ needs would be on top of the hierarchy.

Accepted Answer

A)  esteem 
B)  security 
C)  self actualization 
D)  social 
E)  growth

Question 17

The church you go to every Sunday is made up of people who have very different lifestyles and are at different stages in their life. Joanna is a 23-year-old, single parent who works for minimum wage and shifts from motel to motel for accommodation. Josephine is a single, 45-year-old woman who earns a decent salary and has few interests and friends outside her office. Jonathan is 60 years old, extremely wealthy, has a loving family, and enjoys his work. You have decided to apply Maslow's hierarchy of needs to determine what motivates each of these individuals.
-Which of the following needs would most likely motivate Josephine?

Accepted Answer

A)  safety 
B)  physiological 
C)  social 
D)  self-actualization 
E)  esteem

Question 18

Why are people motivated by challenging goals?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why are people motivated by challenging goals?...

Question 19

According to Albert Bandura, the most important source of increasing self-efficacy is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive learning 
B)  enactive mastery 
C)  verbal persuasion 
D)  vicarious modeling 
E)  arousal

Question 20

Oscar is looking for a new job. He used to be the company's top sales representative and was eagerly expecting to be promoted. However, one of the regional manager's friends was promoted to district manager instead. According to the expectancy theory, Oscar's dissatisfaction with his current job stems from a breakdown in the ________ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  performance-reward 
B)  personal goal-self actualization 
C)  satisfaction-effort 
D)  reward-personal goal 
E)  effort-performance

Exam 7: Motivation Concepts

Describe the three key elements in the definition of motivation.

________ is defined as the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.

Briefly explain Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory.

Motivation is defined as the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.

Jackie thinks that she is paid a lot less than other employees in her division and feels extremely resentful. She starts taking long breaks and generally wastes time. Her actions resulted from a perceived lack of ________ justice.

Under Theory Y, managers believe that employees inherently dislike work and must therefore be directed or even coerced into performing it.

According to Maslow, lower-order needs are satisfied internally while higher-order needs are satisfied externally.

To get the best results while using reinforcement theory, rewards should be ________.

People who pursue goals for intrinsic reasons are more likely to attain their goals and are happy even if they do not.

Helen, a high school teacher, wants her students to actively participate more in class. She has decided to use reinforcement theory to get the required results. Which of the following methods is she most likely to use?

Which of the following is a motivational factor, according to Herzberg's two-factor theory?

If a manager incorrectly assumes that all employees want the same thing, then according to the expectancy theory, it is most likely to result in a weak ________ relationship.

Self-generated feedback is a more powerful motivator than externally generated feedback.

In equity theory, individuals assess the ________.

If we consider Maslow's hierarchy of needs in the context of Japan, Greece, and Mexico, where uncertainty-avoidance characteristics are strong then ________ needs would be on top of the hierarchy.

Why are people motivated by challenging goals?

According to Albert Bandura, the most important source of increasing self-efficacy is ________.