Question 1

In Froh and colleagues' examination of the effectiveness of gratitude interventions, who was likely to increase levels of gratitude by writing letters?

Accepted Answer

A)  people from individualistic cultures 
B)  youth who were low in positive affect 
C)  youth who were high in positive affect 
D)  people from collectivist cultures

Question 2

The GRAT is a self-report measure used to tap into three factors of gratitude. Which of the following is one of these factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  acceptance 
B)  pessimism 
C)  optimism 
D)  resentment

Question 3

A student is walking in the hall and sees another student drop their books. The thought process behind helping the student who dropped the books included a feeling of slight sorrow for them. Which motive best explains this behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  egotism motive 
B)  empathy motive 
C)  altruism motive 
D)  gratitude motive

Question 4

Empathy includes being capable of matching someone else's emotions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A child is playing with her sibling and accidentally gets too rough. The sibling ends up falling and getting hurt. The child responsible immediately helps the sibling up and offers comfort to attempt to stop the crying for fear of being punished by her parents. What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  empathy-motivated altruism 
B)  benefit finding 
C)  genetic foundations of empathy 
D)  egotism-motivated altruism

Question 6

Which of the following is a way that the author suggests can help children develop empathy?

Accepted Answer

A)  encourage children to develop their personal uniqueness 
B)  help children to develop a wide and diverse social circle 
C)  give children lots of help to understand the feeling of being helped 
D)  encourage children to examine their motives for helping others

Question 7

Medical students and other people working in health care develop an increased sense of empathy as they are being educated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is one of the three motives for engaging in egotism-based altruism?

Accepted Answer

A)  avoiding social or personal punishments for failing to help 
B)  for the betterment of society 
C)  to help others in need save face 
D)  abiding by religious guidelines

Question 9

When one feels the extreme need to consider oneself special and unique and different from others, it may create difficulty with others. Which of the following will desires such as these hinder?

Accepted Answer

A)  altruism 
B)  gratitude 
C)  forgiveness 
D)  empathy

Question 10

Which of the following does gratitude meditation address?

Accepted Answer

A)  learning how to get motivated 
B)  learning to be more active 
C)  learning to appreciate blessings 
D)  learning to be more passive

Question 11

Describe one example of someone engaging in egotism-based altruism and one example of someone engaging in empathy-based altruism. Briefly explain how the motive of altruism is applicable to each example.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe one example of someone engaging in...

Question 12

Dissimilar individuals may not spend much time around each other, which can lead to having less empathy for those viewed as different.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What does research on cultural differences in defining altruism suggest about societal engagement in altruistic behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social engagement in altruism is much more effective in Western cultures. 
B)  Altruistic behavior is normalized in small countries, where it is necessary for survival. 
C)  Helping behavior can be part of normal behavior within a society. 
D)  Large countries will not see the normalization of helping behaviors, as the rewards are not great enough.

Question 14

Describe how you would convince a friend to incorporate more gratitude into their life by explaining the correlates of gratitude that help improve daily life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how you would convince a friend...

Question 15

Which of the following can help to enhance empathic behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A)  pointing out similarities between oneself and others 
B)  teaching one that it is legitimate to feel good about helping others 
C)  showing that the behavior will relieve a feeling of guilt 
D)  increasing material rewards

Question 16

In what way can gratitude be beneficial for a relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both parties can be indebted to each other. 
B)  It can help people in a relationship reflect on the good. 
C)  Practicing it outside of the relationship helps couples understand how to be grateful to each other. 
D)  Expressing it can enhance the view of the relationship for the recipient and expresser.

Question 17

What brain structure is involved in the experience of gratitude?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heschl's gyrus 
B)  the primary auditory cortex 
C)  the medial prefrontal cortex 
D)  the thalamus

Question 18

The areas of the brain responsible for social relationships, bonding, and social rewards also appear to activate when someone experiences gratitude.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Aside from egoism and empathy, what is another contributor to altruistic actions?

Accepted Answer

A)  hedonism 
B)  pride 
C)  forgiveness 
D)  collectivism

Question 20

Helping behavior that is motivated by the likelihood of reciprocity of the person in need is known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  kin-based altruism 
B)  reciprocity-based altruism 
C)  mutuality-based altruism 
D)  care-based altruism

Exam 11: Empathy and Egotism: Portals to Altruism, Gratitude, and Forgiveness

In Froh and colleagues' examination of the effectiveness of gratitude interventions, who was likely to increase levels of gratitude by writing letters?

The GRAT is a self-report measure used to tap into three factors of gratitude. Which of the following is one of these factors?

A student is walking in the hall and sees another student drop their books. The thought process behind helping the student who dropped the books included a feeling of slight sorrow for them. Which motive best explains this behavior?

Empathy includes being capable of matching someone else's emotions.

A child is playing with her sibling and accidentally gets too rough. The sibling ends up falling and getting hurt. The child responsible immediately helps the sibling up and offers comfort to attempt to stop the crying for fear of being punished by her parents. What is this an example of?

Which of the following is a way that the author suggests can help children develop empathy?

Medical students and other people working in health care develop an increased sense of empathy as they are being educated.

Which of the following is one of the three motives for engaging in egotism-based altruism?

When one feels the extreme need to consider oneself special and unique and different from others, it may create difficulty with others. Which of the following will desires such as these hinder?

Which of the following does gratitude meditation address?

Describe one example of someone engaging in egotism-based altruism and one example of someone engaging in empathy-based altruism. Briefly explain how the motive of altruism is applicable to each example.

Dissimilar individuals may not spend much time around each other, which can lead to having less empathy for those viewed as different.

What does research on cultural differences in defining altruism suggest about societal engagement in altruistic behavior?

Describe how you would convince a friend to incorporate more gratitude into their life by explaining the correlates of gratitude that help improve daily life.

Which of the following can help to enhance empathic behaviors?

In what way can gratitude be beneficial for a relationship?

What brain structure is involved in the experience of gratitude?

The areas of the brain responsible for social relationships, bonding, and social rewards also appear to activate when someone experiences gratitude.

Aside from egoism and empathy, what is another contributor to altruistic actions?

Helping behavior that is motivated by the likelihood of reciprocity of the person in need is known as ______.