Question 1

The English language has ________ letters than phonemes, and the consonant phonemes generally carry ________ information than the vowel phonemes.

Accepted Answer

A)   more; more
B)   fewer; more
C)   more; less
D)   fewer; less B

Question 2

When older people with hearing loss must expend effort to hear words, they have a(n) ________ capacity to comprehend them and a(n) ________ capacity to remember them.

Accepted Answer

A)   enhanced; enhanced
B)   reduced; reduced
C)   enhanced; reduced
D)   reduced; enhanced B

Question 3

Which of the following best illustrates productive language?

Accepted Answer

A)   word comprehension
B)   telegraphic speech
C)   process simulation
D)   insight B

Question 4

When English-speaking Canadian children were taught only in French during their early school years, researchers found that they experienced a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   confused sense of cultural identity.
B)   improvement in intellectual aptitude.
C)   slight loss of verbal fluency in English.
D)   smaller-than-average improvement in mathematical ability.

Question 5

Imagining a physical experience activates some of the same ________ that is (are) also active during the actual experience.

Accepted Answer

A)   communication centers
B)   receptive language
C)   neural networks
D)   universal grammar

Question 6

Children begin to demonstrate that they know how to put words in a sensible order during the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)   babbling
B)   syntactic
C)   two-word
D)   universal grammar

Question 7

If our capacity to form concepts depends on our verbal memory, this would best illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)   productive language.
B)   universal grammar.
C)   telegraphic speech.
D)   linguistic determinism.

Question 8

The smallest speech units that carry meaning are called

Accepted Answer

A)   phonemes.
B)   morphemes.
C)   prototypes.
D)   concepts.

Question 9

A European visitor to the United States asked a taxi driver, "Can you please a ride to the airport me give?" This visitor has apparently not yet mastered the ________ of the English language.

Accepted Answer

A)   phonemes
B)   syntax
C)   semantics
D)   morphemes

Question 10

After she suffered a stroke, Mrs. Jacobitz had so much difficulty speaking that she had to communicate by writing. This suggests that her brain damage occurred in

Accepted Answer

A)   the occipital lobe.
B)   Broca's area.
C)   the temporal lobe.
D)   Wernicke's area.

Question 11

Which linguistic theorist was most impressed by the underlying similarities of all human language systems?

Accepted Answer

A)   Beatrice Gardner
B)   Benjamin Whorf
C)   Noam Chomsky
D)   Paul Broca

Question 12

Word meaning is to word order as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   concept; prototype
B)   phoneme; grammar
C)   morpheme; phoneme
D)   semantics; syntax

Question 13

People can simultaneously process many aspects of sensory information such as color, depth, movement, and form. This best illustrates the function of multiple

Accepted Answer

A)   prototypes.
B)   neural networks.
C)   critical periods.
D)   simulations.

Question 14

In the words "lightly," "neatly," and "shortly," the "ly" ending is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   algorithm.
B)   phoneme.
C)   morpheme.
D)   prototype.

Question 15

Left hemisphere damage to Wernicke's area is most likely to contribute to

Accepted Answer

A)   aphasia.
B)   universal grammar.
C)   linguistic determinism.
D)   telegraphic speech.

Question 16

Leland's language does not distinguish between "family love" and "romantic love," so he has difficulty realizing that he deeply loves his sister. Which of the following is most relevant to Leland's difficulty?

Accepted Answer

A)   critical periods
B)   telegraphic speech
C)   universal grammar
D)   linguistic determinism

Question 17

After a skydiving accident, Laurie was unable to make sense of other people's speech. It is likely that she suffered brain damage to

Accepted Answer

A)   the motor cortex.
B)   Broca's area.
C)   the occipital lobe.
D)   Wernicke's area.

Question 18

Bilingual people have a somewhat ________ vocabulary in each language than do people who speak a single language, and bilingual people are ________ able to inhibit their attention to irrelevant information than are monolingual people.

Accepted Answer

A)   larger; better
B)   smaller; less
C)   larger; less
D)   smaller; better

Question 19

Those who learn sign language as teens never become as fluent as children exposed to sign language from birth. This best illustrates the importance of ________ for mastering language.

Accepted Answer

A)   linguistic determinism
B)   telegraphic speech
C)   a critical period
D)   universal grammar

Question 20

Chimpanzees are capable of learning to

Accepted Answer

A)   understand spoken words.
B)   communicate with gestures.
C)   string signs together into a meaningful sequence.
D)   do all of these things.

Exam 28: A: Language and Thought

The English language has letters than phonemes, and the consonant phonemes generally carry information than the vowel phonemes.

When older people with hearing loss must expend effort to hear words, they have a(n) capacity to comprehend them and a(n) capacity to remember them.