Question 1

While all crime is deviance, not all deviance is crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

In Ruth Cavan's model that classifies overconformity as well as underconformity as deviance, what does she label the scope of behavior considered as acceptable?

Accepted Answer

A)  the sweet spot 
B)  the range of tolerance 
C)  the happy medium 
D)  the prescriptive approach

Question 3

How did Herbert Spencer describe deviance and its effect on society?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deviance is a social pathology that potentially threatens the survival of society. 
B)  Deviance is inevitable and provides a valuable contribution to society. 
C)  Deviance is "the black death" of human behavior that proves man is naturally bad. 
D)  Deviance is sinful and can only be eliminated in a "Society of Saints."

Question 4

Which group of sociological theories explains deviance as being normal and that conformity must be explained?

Accepted Answer

A)  social control theories 
B)  social learning theories 
C)  labeling theories 
D)  trait theories

Question 5

What is the oldest theoretical explanation for deviant behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  phrenology 
B)  physiognomy 
C)  demonology 
D)  atavism

Question 6

Social control theories contend that deviance is normal and that conformity is the behavior that needs explained.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following terms is also used to describe victimless crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  organized crime 
B)  elite deviance 
C)  public order offenses 
D)  street deviance

Question 8

A state of social strain, normative confusion, or a rapid change in norms, accompanied by a situation when people's behavior is no longer restrained by conventional norms, is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A state of social strain, normative confusion,...

Question 9

Merton's five typologies of modes of adaptive behavior are synonymous with personality types.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Who was the sociologist who extensively addressed the types of stigma individuals experience and noted that stigmatized individuals are often seen as being "not quite human"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jeffrey Reiman 
B)  Erving Goffman 
C)  Marvin Wolfgang 
D)  Stanton Feldman

Question 11

Which of the following statements best describes Émile Durkheim's view of crime and its effect on society?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crime is a social pathology that will destroy society if left unchecked. 
B)  Crime is a normal part of all societies and all societies institutionalize sanctions to control criminals. 
C)  Crime is nonutilitarian, malicious, and negativistic. 
D)  Crime is a product of civilization and will continue to grow as society becomes more technologically advanced.

Question 12

The collective term for behaviors that are discouraged or punished, such as placing one's feet on the table or cheating on exams, is proscriptive behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Informal norms that reflect cultural traditions and guide everyday interactions, such as manners at mealtime and choice of attire, are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Informal norms that reflect cultural traditions and...

Question 14

The two sociologists who developed a set of five techniques of neutralization that permit "normal" individuals to engage in deviant behavior but neutralize the stigmatizing effect of their behavior were ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two sociologists who developed a set...

Question 15

The study of bumps on the head and protrusions of the skull as being evidence of the cause of deviant behavior, such as mental illness, crime, and violence, is referred to as physiognomy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The mode of adaptive behavior that rejects both socially accepted goals as well as the culturally approved means to achieve them is what Robert Merton would call ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The mode of adaptive behavior that rejects...

Question 17

The form of suicide Durkheim identified as occurring because of extreme social constraint, which is the underlying cause of suicidal love pacts and suicide among slaves, was ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The form of suicide Durkheim identified as...

Question 18

Who was the sociologist who developed a social control theory to explain deviance that was based on inner and outer containments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Walter Reckless 
B)  Kai Erikson 
C)  James B. Watson 
D)  Robert K. Merton

Question 19

The purpose of the "V-chip" is to block specific programs from television reception.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

During the 1970s, the popular therapy for inmates was to refer to them as residents, define the symptoms of their criminality, determine a prognosis for their return to society, and develop a treatment plan to make it happen. Under which sociological explanation does such an approach qualify?

Accepted Answer

A)  the symbolic interactionist model 
B)  the demonology model 
C)  the functionalist model 
D)  the medical model

Exam 7: Deviance and Conformity

While all crime is deviance, not all deviance is crime.

In Ruth Cavan's model that classifies overconformity as well as underconformity as deviance, what does she label the scope of behavior considered as acceptable?

How did Herbert Spencer describe deviance and its effect on society?

Which group of sociological theories explains deviance as being normal and that conformity must be explained?

What is the oldest theoretical explanation for deviant behavior?

Social control theories contend that deviance is normal and that conformity is the behavior that needs explained.

Which of the following terms is also used to describe victimless crime?

A state of social strain, normative confusion, or a rapid change in norms, accompanied by a situation when people's behavior is no longer restrained by conventional norms, is referred to as ________.

Merton's five typologies of modes of adaptive behavior are synonymous with personality types.

Who was the sociologist who extensively addressed the types of stigma individuals experience and noted that stigmatized individuals are often seen as being "not quite human"?

Which of the following statements best describes Émile Durkheim's view of crime and its effect on society?

The collective term for behaviors that are discouraged or punished, such as placing one's feet on the table or cheating on exams, is proscriptive behavior.

Informal norms that reflect cultural traditions and guide everyday interactions, such as manners at mealtime and choice of attire, are called ________.

The two sociologists who developed a set of five techniques of neutralization that permit "normal" individuals to engage in deviant behavior but neutralize the stigmatizing effect of their behavior were and .

The study of bumps on the head and protrusions of the skull as being evidence of the cause of deviant behavior, such as mental illness, crime, and violence, is referred to as physiognomy.

The mode of adaptive behavior that rejects both socially accepted goals as well as the culturally approved means to achieve them is what Robert Merton would call ________.

The form of suicide Durkheim identified as occurring because of extreme social constraint, which is the underlying cause of suicidal love pacts and suicide among slaves, was ________.

Who was the sociologist who developed a social control theory to explain deviance that was based on inner and outer containments?

The purpose of the "V-chip" is to block specific programs from television reception.

During the 1970s, the popular therapy for inmates was to refer to them as residents, define the symptoms of their criminality, determine a prognosis for their return to society, and develop a treatment plan to make it happen. Under which sociological explanation does such an approach qualify?