Question 1

The mitotic cell will enter the G0 phase if there is no end cap on the telomeres.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Because the aging of an organism reflects a gradual decline in function after the reproductive period,the decline and eventual loss of cell division has generally been viewed as characterizing cellular aging;this period is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) cell replication. 
B) cell arrest. 
C) replicative senescence. 
D) cell mortality.

Question 3

Initiation of the cell cycle in multicellular organisms appears to occur only when the cell receives an extracellular signal from substances called ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Initiation of the cell cycle in multicellular...

Question 4

Human embryonic cells maintained in culture are immortal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Oxygen-based metabolism is referred to as ______,and metabolism without oxygen as ______.

Accepted Answer

A) aerobic;anaerobic 
B) anaerobic;anaerobic 
C) aerobic;anabolic 
D) anaerobic;aerobic

Question 6

Although the mitochondria generate the majority of oxygen-centered radicals,most associated damage occurs in the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Most of the life of a normal cell is spent in which phase?

Accepted Answer

A) G1 phase (gap 1) 
B) S phase 
C) G2 phase (gap 2) 
D) M phase

Question 8

The cellular accumulation of damaged biomolecules decreases after sexual maturation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

During prophase,the ______ duplicate and move to opposite sides of the nuclear envelope.

Accepted Answer

A) spindles 
B) condensins 
C) chromatids 
D) centrosomes

Question 10

Eukaryotic cells duplicate and divide through an orderly sequence of events defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) molecular biology. 
B) cell replication. 
C) the cell cycle. 
D) cell biology.

Question 11

What structures shorten with each replication cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) Okazaki fragments 
B) telomeres 
C) replication origins 
D) replication forks

Question 12

It is generally accepted that replicative senescence provides a good model for aging of the whole organism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Oxygen-centered radicals can be used to benefit the organism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The separation of the double helix to allow new DNA synthesis is divided into thousands of individual reactions starting at sites along the DNA called:

Accepted Answer

A) replication beginnings. 
B) dividing sites. 
C) separation origins. 
D) replication origins.

Question 15

Without the ______ on the end of the telomeres,DNA polymerase reads the ends of the telomeres as strand breaks and initiates the DNA repair mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) telomerase 
B) repetitive G and T bases 
C) primase 
D) end cap

Question 16

The total energy of a biological process is called ______ (H)and equals usable energy (______,G)plus unusable energy (______,S).

Accepted Answer

A) free energy;entropy;enthalpy 
B) entropy;free energy;enthalpy 
C) free energy;enthalpy;entropy 
D) enthalpy;free energy;entropy

Question 17

Which two vitamins help to prevent the formation of lipid peroxides?

Accepted Answer

A) E and D 
B) C and E 
C) C and A 
D) E and A

Question 18

The promoter region of a gene can be located thousands of nucleotides away from the coding region of the gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Oxidized compounds have fewer electrons than reduced compounds,making them less reactive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The telomere-shortening theory is an example of a stochastic theory of cell aging.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Cellular Aging

The mitotic cell will enter the G₀ phase if there is no end cap on the telomeres.

Because the aging of an organism reflects a gradual decline in function after the reproductive period,the decline and eventual loss of cell division has generally been viewed as characterizing cellular aging;this period is known as:

Initiation of the cell cycle in multicellular organisms appears to occur only when the cell receives an extracellular signal from substances called ______.

Human embryonic cells maintained in culture are immortal.

Oxygen-based metabolism is referred to as ,and metabolism without oxygen as .

Although the mitochondria generate the majority of oxygen-centered radicals,most associated damage occurs in the cytoplasm.

Most of the life of a normal cell is spent in which phase?

The cellular accumulation of damaged biomolecules decreases after sexual maturation.

During prophase,the ______ duplicate and move to opposite sides of the nuclear envelope.

Eukaryotic cells duplicate and divide through an orderly sequence of events defined as:

What structures shorten with each replication cycle?

It is generally accepted that replicative senescence provides a good model for aging of the whole organism.

Oxygen-centered radicals can be used to benefit the organism.

The separation of the double helix to allow new DNA synthesis is divided into thousands of individual reactions starting at sites along the DNA called:

Without the ______ on the end of the telomeres,DNA polymerase reads the ends of the telomeres as strand breaks and initiates the DNA repair mechanism.

The total energy of a biological process is called (H) and equals usable energy (,G) plus unusable energy (__,S) .

Which two vitamins help to prevent the formation of lipid peroxides?

The promoter region of a gene can be located thousands of nucleotides away from the coding region of the gene.

Oxidized compounds have fewer electrons than reduced compounds,making them less reactive.

The telomere-shortening theory is an example of a stochastic theory of cell aging.

Exam 4: Cellular Aging

The mitotic cell will enter the G0 phase if there is no end cap on the telomeres.

Because the aging of an organism reflects a gradual decline in function after the reproductive period,the decline and eventual loss of cell division has generally been viewed as characterizing cellular aging;this period is known as:

Initiation of the cell cycle in multicellular organisms appears to occur only when the cell receives an extracellular signal from substances called ______.

Human embryonic cells maintained in culture are immortal.

Oxygen-based metabolism is referred to as ______,and metabolism without oxygen as ______.

Although the mitochondria generate the majority of oxygen-centered radicals,most associated damage occurs in the cytoplasm.

Most of the life of a normal cell is spent in which phase?

The cellular accumulation of damaged biomolecules decreases after sexual maturation.

During prophase,the ______ duplicate and move to opposite sides of the nuclear envelope.

Eukaryotic cells duplicate and divide through an orderly sequence of events defined as:

What structures shorten with each replication cycle?

It is generally accepted that replicative senescence provides a good model for aging of the whole organism.

Oxygen-centered radicals can be used to benefit the organism.

The separation of the double helix to allow new DNA synthesis is divided into thousands of individual reactions starting at sites along the DNA called:

Without the ______ on the end of the telomeres,DNA polymerase reads the ends of the telomeres as strand breaks and initiates the DNA repair mechanism.

The total energy of a biological process is called ______ (H) and equals usable energy (______,G) plus unusable energy (______,S) .

Which two vitamins help to prevent the formation of lipid peroxides?

The promoter region of a gene can be located thousands of nucleotides away from the coding region of the gene.

Oxidized compounds have fewer electrons than reduced compounds,making them less reactive.

The telomere-shortening theory is an example of a stochastic theory of cell aging.

The mitotic cell will enter the G₀ phase if there is no end cap on the telomeres.

Oxygen-based metabolism is referred to as ,and metabolism without oxygen as .

The total energy of a biological process is called (H) and equals usable energy (,G) plus unusable energy (__,S) .