Question 1

__________ theorists do not believe that social institutions work for the common good of everyone in society. They emphasize that social institutions are most likely to meet the needs of those with the greatest amount of power in a society.

Accepted Answer

A)  Conflict 
B)  Functionalist 
C)  Symbolic interaction 
D)  Postmodern

Question 2

__________ theorists maintain that in capitalistic societies, where a few people control the labor of many, the social structure reflects a system of relationships of domination and subordination.

Accepted Answer

A)  Differential association 
B)  Symbolic interactionist 
C)  Conflict 
D)  Functionalist

Question 3

Regardless of a person's other characteristics, which of these is most likely to become a stigmatized master status?

Accepted Answer

A)  father 
B)  coach 
C)  homeless 
D)  male

Question 4

Describe the processes of role distancing and role exiting.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the processes of role distancing and...

Question 5

__________ refers to the conscious fostering of the impression of a lack of commitment or attachment to a particular role. It is clear one merely goes through the motions of role performance.

Accepted Answer

A)  Role distancing 
B)  Role conflict 
C)  Role ambiguity 
D)  Role strain

Question 6

Which of these statements about personal space is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical space is an important component of communication. 
B)  The amount of space that one prefers varies from one culture to another. 
C)  Age, gender, and type of relationship are factors affecting the norms for personal space. 
D)  Space is less important than other forms of communication, and violations of personal space are easily ignored.

Question 7

From the __________ perspective, social institutions are not organized for the common good of everyone.

Accepted Answer

A)  postmodern 
B)  functionalist 
C)  conflict 
D)  symbolic interactionist

Question 8

The expectations for being a college student include attending class, completing assignments, and being involved in campus activities. These expectations are an example of a __________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  status symbol 
B)  role 
C)  social status 
D)  status conflict

Question 9

Sociologists Emile Durkheim and Ferdinand Tӧnnies both__________  .

Accepted Answer

A)  were interested in the economic system of a society 
B)  were both more concerned with change than with stability 
C)  developed typologies to explain change in the social structure of societies 
D)  analyzed interpersonal interaction

Question 10

Which of the following characterizes a Gemeinschaft society?

Accepted Answer

A)  impersonal and task-oriented relationships 
B)  sense of community based on similarity 
C)  formal social control 
D)  prevalent social change

Question 11

__________ , or cohesion, refers to a group's ability to maintain itself in the face of obstacles. It exists when social bonds, attractions, or other forces hold members of a group in interaction over a period of time.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social networking 
B)  Social solidarity 
C)  Cultural bonding 
D)  Cultural diffusion

Question 12

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild suggests that we acquire a set of__________  that shape the appropriate emotions for a given role or specific situation, including how, where, when, and with whom an emotion should be expressed.

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional labors 
B)  dramaturgical guidelines 
C)  feeling rules 
D)  socioemotional norms

Question 13

The concept of __________ refers to the social cohesion found in industrial societies, in which people perform very specialized tasks and feel united by their mutual dependence.

Accepted Answer

A)  organic solidarity 
B)  mechanical solidarity 
C)  collective solidarity 
D)  specialized solidarity

Question 14

What do most men consider to be their master status?

Accepted Answer

A)  educational status 
B)  husband 
C)  father 
D)  occupation

Question 15

Our roles are defined in the context of roles performed by others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Sociologist Helen Ebaugh concluded that role exit occurs in four stages, the second of which is__________  , in which people may step away from their existing roles.

Accepted Answer

A)  a search for alternatives 
B)  the creation of a new identity 
C)  the turning point 
D)  doubt

Question 17

A status set comprises all the statuses that a person occupies at a given time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

One's occupation is an indicator of level of education and income and may also reflect family background. In the United States, occupation is an important determinant of social position. This makes occupation a likely __________ status.

Accepted Answer

A)  set 
B)  master 
C)  predetermined 
D)  ascribed

Question 19

Explain the two types of societies described by Tӧnnies according to their degree of social solidarity and social control.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the two types of societies described...

Question 20

Social encounters and social interaction have different meaning for people based on their status and previous experience.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life

__________ theorists do not believe that social institutions work for the common good of everyone in society. They emphasize that social institutions are most likely to meet the needs of those with the greatest amount of power in a society.

__________ theorists maintain that in capitalistic societies, where a few people control the labor of many, the social structure reflects a system of relationships of domination and subordination.

Regardless of a person's other characteristics, which of these is most likely to become a stigmatized master status?

Describe the processes of role distancing and role exiting.

__________ refers to the conscious fostering of the impression of a lack of commitment or attachment to a particular role. It is clear one merely goes through the motions of role performance.

Which of these statements about personal space is false?

From the __________ perspective, social institutions are not organized for the common good of everyone.

The expectations for being a college student include attending class, completing assignments, and being involved in campus activities. These expectations are an example of a __________ .

Sociologists Emile Durkheim and Ferdinand Tӧnnies both__________ .

Which of the following characterizes a Gemeinschaft society?

__________ , or cohesion, refers to a group's ability to maintain itself in the face of obstacles. It exists when social bonds, attractions, or other forces hold members of a group in interaction over a period of time.

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild suggests that we acquire a set of__________ that shape the appropriate emotions for a given role or specific situation, including how, where, when, and with whom an emotion should be expressed.

The concept of __________ refers to the social cohesion found in industrial societies, in which people perform very specialized tasks and feel united by their mutual dependence.

What do most men consider to be their master status?

Our roles are defined in the context of roles performed by others.

Sociologist Helen Ebaugh concluded that role exit occurs in four stages, the second of which is__________ , in which people may step away from their existing roles.

A status set comprises all the statuses that a person occupies at a given time.

One's occupation is an indicator of level of education and income and may also reflect family background. In the United States, occupation is an important determinant of social position. This makes occupation a likely __________ status.

Explain the two types of societies described by Tӧnnies according to their degree of social solidarity and social control.

Social encounters and social interaction have different meaning for people based on their status and previous experience.