Question 1

Which of the following is a brief counselling technique?

Accepted Answer

A)  looking for exceptions
B)  gestalt approaches
C)  outreach to needy clients
D)  advocacy
E)  free association A

Question 2

Which of the following best describes "learned helplessness."

Accepted Answer

A)  clients who have become lazy
B)  clients who do not believe their efforts will make a difference
C)  capacity to sustain effort over time in the face of obstacles
D)  clients who are overly anxious about change
E)  a situation where people have become overly dependent on others B

Question 3

The "miracle question" involves

Accepted Answer

A)  use of prayer and spirituality
B)  unrealistic expectations for counselling outcomes
C)  unexplained outcomes
D)  whether it will take a miracle for change to occur
E)  none of the above E

Question 4

Cognitive Behavioral Counselling

Accepted Answer

A)  has not proven to be an effective tool for change
B)  focuses on behaviour while minimizes the impact of thinking
C)  was pioneered by Carl Rogers
D)  helps people modify thinking behaviour,and emotions,
E)  should only be utilized by qualified psychiatrists

Question 5

What is thought stopping?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is thought stopping?...

Question 6

What are the essential steps of action planning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the essential steps of action...

Question 7

The stages of change model is also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  contemplative change model
B)  cognitive behavioral model
C)  transtheoretical model
D)  confrontation model
E)  brief therapy approach to change

Question 8

Which of the following is not a valid reason for helping clients set goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  giving direction
B)  motivating
C)  measuring progress
D)  defining roles
E)  meeting agency quotas

Question 9

Secondary gain is defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  the benefits that people derive from their problems
B)  unexpected positive outcomes of counselling
C)  advantages to family and friends from a client's counselling
D)  how change in a problem can impact other problems
E)  the benefits for family and friends when clients change

Question 10

Motivational interviewing

Accepted Answer

A)  uses authority to jump start change
B)  assumes that clients are ready for change
C)  makes use of the "intervention" model
D)  requires a collaborative,non-confrontational approach
E)  uses confrontation to overcome denial

Question 11

Identify and discuss the implications of the five stages in the transtheoretical or stages of change model?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify and discuss the implications of the...

Question 12

Empowerment involves

Accepted Answer

A)  helping clients discover personal strengths and capacities
B)  energizing the helping process
C)  taking charge of the interview
D)  use of authority to require change
E)  oppressive practice

Question 13

"Change talk" is apparent when clients

Accepted Answer

A)  mention discrepancies between the way their life is and the way they would like it to be
B)  counsellors confront clients on the need to change
C)  are confronted by family
D)  counsellors shift strategies when what they are doing is not working effectively
E)  clients begin to model the behaviour of their counsellors

Question 14

Reframing is best defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  building a base of trust
B)  a skill that helps client shift their thinking by suggesting alternate explanations or meanings
C)  confronting irrational thinking
D)  altering the structure of the counselling process
E)  renegotiating the counselling relationship

Question 15

At the contemplative stage clients are

Accepted Answer

A)  reflecting on their past failures
B)  not thinking about change
C)  struggling with a relapse
D)  are preparing for change
E)  ambivalent about making changes

Question 16

What are the basic assumptions behind Albert Ellis' ABC model?

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

Contingency planning

Accepted Answer

A)  helps clients anticipate obstacles
B)  involves searching for the root causes of problems
C)  helps clients to review past mistakes
D)  takes advantage of precounselling change
E)  all of the above

Question 18

At the precontemplative stage clients are

Accepted Answer

A)  actively involved in the change process
B)  not thinking about change
C)  ambivalent about making changes
D)  are preparing for change
E)  struggling with a relapse

Question 19

To what extent,if at all,is empathy used in Motivational Interviewing?

Accepted Answer

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Exam 7: Empowerment and Change: the Purpose of Counselling