Question 1

Explain why conventional physicians and practitioners of alternative treatments have a clash of cultures when it comes to what constitutes acceptable research evidence.

Accepted Answer

not answered

Question 2

In herbal medicine, tonics are herbs that:

Accepted Answer

A)   have potent actions and are used to treat illness.
B)   promote perspiration and nervousness.
C)   have a general healing effect.
D)   have anti-inflammatory effects. C

Question 3

Although her doctor has done nothing but examine her arthritic hands, elderly Mrs. Joseph feels less pain, apparently because she believes that the doctor has done something for her. Mrs. Joseph's improvement is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   the placebo effect.
B)   the regression effect.
C)   spontaneous remission.
D)   observer expectancy. A

Question 4

The concept of qi, a life force flowing throughout the body, is central to:

Accepted Answer

A)   homeopathic medicine.
B)   naturopathic medicine.
C)   traditional Oriental medicine.
D)   evidence-based medicine.

Question 5

Vitalism, which is popular in some varieties of complementary and alternative medicine, is the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)   a higher spiritual force.
B)   a general life force.
C)   collective consciousness.
D)   dissociation of consciousness.

Question 6

Critically evaluate the evidence in support of acupuncture's purported effectiveness as a treatment for pain and addiction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Critically evaluate the evidence in support of...

Question 7

The World Health Organization classifies ______ as a condition for which acupuncture has proved to be an effective treatment.

Accepted Answer

A)   fibromyalgia
B)   diabetic nerve pain
C)   osteoarthritis
D)   depression

Question 8

Define complementary and alternative medicine, then discuss the fundamental domains and ideals that support the foundation of complementary and alternative medical practice. In your discussion be sure to identify and discuss recent trends related to the acceptability of complementary and alternative medical practice today.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define complementary and alternative medicine, then discuss...

Question 9

Describe a typical chiropractic intervention and critically evaluate whether chiropractic treatment is effective.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe a typical chiropractic intervention and critically...

Question 10

A recent meta-analysis of studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) found that needle acupuncture produced:

Accepted Answer

A)   no change in neural activity anywhere in the brain.
B)   decreased neural activity in the amygdala and hippocampus.
C)   decreased neural activity in the basal ganglia and brain stem.
D)   decreased neural activity in the cerebellum.

Question 11

Dr. John Harvey Kellogg (of cereal fame) was an early advocate of:

Accepted Answer

A)   naturopathic medicine.
B)   ayurvedic medicine.
C)   acupuncture.
D)   homeopathy.

Question 12

Herbert Benson's classic experiment on relaxation and meditation found all of these physiological and metabolic changes EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   reduction in the number of high-frequency delta brain waves.
B)   reduction of lactate in the bloodstream.
C)   reduction in the number of breaths taken each minute.
D)   reduction in consumption of oxygen.

Question 13

In one experiment, Herbert Benson reported that while meditating experienced practitioners experience:

Accepted Answer

A)   increased metabolism.
B)   decreased oxygen consumption.
C)   lowered blood sugar levels.
D)   increased carbon dioxide elimination.

Question 14

The use of complementary and alternative medicine is:

Accepted Answer

A)   decreasing from its peak in the mid-1990s.
B)   greater in the United States than anywhere else.
C)   increasing throughout the world.
D)   much greater among men than among women.

Question 15

Overall, research on biofeedback has shown that biofeedback:

Accepted Answer

A)   is ineffective in reducing stress.
B)   conveys no advantage over other, simpler behavioral techniques, such as relaxation training.
C)   is more effective with adults than with children.
D)   works best with people who are also highly suggestible.

Question 16

Probiotics are:

Accepted Answer

A)   also called botanicals.
B)   derived from the leaves, stems, and flowers of plants.
C)   dangerous, unapproved food supplements.
D)   bacteria and other live microorganisms that may have health benefits.

Question 17

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is used most often by:

Accepted Answer

A)   men.
B)   people with higher levels of education.
C)   people who have been hospitalized with intestinal problems.
D)   young adults.

Question 18

The Pritikin and Ornish diets have been demonstrated to be effective in ______ in people with ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   lowering insulin levels; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
B)   lowering glucagon; hypertension
C)   raising white blood counts; cancer
D)   lowering blood glucose levels; diabetes

Question 19

Connor, who suffers from asthma and depression, has become involved in a psychophysiological intervention research study in which he is monitored closely by means of a number of electrodes that record the variations in a number of his physiological systems, including his respiratory and cardiovascular system. He is asked many times to adjust his breathing in specific intervals until a desired pattern is observed in his physiological readings. What intervention is Connor participating in?

Accepted Answer

A)   mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
B)   heart rate variability biofeedback
C)   yoga
D)   transcendental meditation

Question 20

The only major forms of CAM originally developed in the United States are:

Accepted Answer

A)   naturopathy and homeopathy.
B)   mindfulness meditation and herbology.
C)   chiropractic and osteopathy.
D)   herbology and magnet therapy.

Exam 15: Complementary and Alternative Medicine