Question 1

Above a salt content of 24.7 g/kg, as as the temperature decreases, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the attenuation factor of light increases 
B)  the attenuation factor of light decreases 
C)  the depth of light penetration decreases 
D)  the depth of light penetration remains constant 
E)  the scattering of light in the water increases

Question 2

Light and sound are ________ by seawater.

Accepted Answer

A)  refracted 
B)  scattered 
C)  absorbed 
D)  attenuated 
E)  All of these are correct.

Question 3

The long red wavelengths of visible light are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reflected back from the surface 
B)  transmitted to great depth 
C)  responsible for the ocean's color 
D)  absorbed in the first meter 
E)  blocked by the atmosphere

Question 4

The specific heat of water is less than that of copper.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A sound wave traveling at right angles to the ocean's surface will be refracted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Seawater with a salt content of 35 g/kg has a freezing point ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  above its temperature of maximum density 
B)  at its temperature of maximum density 
C)  below its temperature of maximum density 
D)  at 0°C 
E)  None of these is correct; this water does not freeze.

Question 7

Water is the only substance that occurs on Earth naturally as a liquid, a solid, and a gas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A water molecule can bond with other water molecules by ________ bonds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A water molecule can bond with other...

Question 9

The longer wavelengths of solar radiation above the band of visible light commonly penetrate the sea to depths greater than 10 meters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

How many calories must be added to 3 g of ice at 0°C to convert it to water vapor at 100°C?

Accepted Answer

A)  180 calories 
B)  540 calories 
C)  720 calories 
D)  1440 calories 
E)  2160 calories

Question 11

If a sound pulse is sent vertically downward into the sea and its reflected echo from the seafloor returns 6 seconds later, the depth of the water is ________ meters. (The average speed of sound in seawater is 1500 m/sec.)

Accepted Answer

A)  3000 
B)  4500 
C)  6000 
D)  9000 
E)  12,000

Question 12

Calories are a unit of heat measurement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The following change would result in a density increase.

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase in temperature 
B)  Increase in salinity 
C)  Decrease in pressure 
D)  Decrease in impurities 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 14

Repeated sound speed measurements over great distances are being used to measure possible changes in ocean water temperature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

When using sound to determine changes in average ocean temperature, the greater the distance the sound travels, the greater the accuracy of the measurements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

How many calories must be added to 2.5 g of water at 10°C to heat it to 85.5°C?

Accepted Answer

A)  75.5 calories 
B)  188.75 calories 
C)  264.25 calories 
D)  325 calories 
E)  None of these is correct; it is impossible.

Question 17

Which of the following materials has the highest specific heat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water 
B)  Air 
C)  Continental crust 
D)  Oceanic crust 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 18

Identify all of the temperatures at which water boils at 1 atmosphere of pressure.

Accepted Answer

A)  100°C 
B)  100K 
C)  100°F 
D)  212°C 
E)  212K
F) 212°F
G) 373.15°C
H) 373.15K
I) 373.15°F

Question 19

The surface tension of pure water will increase ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  when salt is added 
B)  if the temperature decreases 
C)  if pressure is increased 
D)  when salt is added and if the temperature decreases 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 20

About how many calories are required to convert 2 g of ice at 0°C to water vapor at 50°C ?

Accepted Answer

A)  160 
B)  670 
C)  1340 
D)  1180 
E)  2768

Exam 4: The Physical Properties of Water

Above a salt content of 24.7 g/kg, as as the temperature decreases, ________.

Light and sound are ________ by seawater.

The long red wavelengths of visible light are ________.

The specific heat of water is less than that of copper.

A sound wave traveling at right angles to the ocean's surface will be refracted.

Seawater with a salt content of 35 g/kg has a freezing point ________.

Water is the only substance that occurs on Earth naturally as a liquid, a solid, and a gas.

A water molecule can bond with other water molecules by ________ bonds.

The longer wavelengths of solar radiation above the band of visible light commonly penetrate the sea to depths greater than 10 meters.

How many calories must be added to 3 g of ice at 0°C to convert it to water vapor at 100°C?

If a sound pulse is sent vertically downward into the sea and its reflected echo from the seafloor returns 6 seconds later, the depth of the water is ________ meters. (The average speed of sound in seawater is 1500 m/sec.)

Calories are a unit of heat measurement.

The following change would result in a density increase.

Repeated sound speed measurements over great distances are being used to measure possible changes in ocean water temperature.

When using sound to determine changes in average ocean temperature, the greater the distance the sound travels, the greater the accuracy of the measurements.

How many calories must be added to 2.5 g of water at 10°C to heat it to 85.5°C?

Which of the following materials has the highest specific heat?

Identify all of the temperatures at which water boils at 1 atmosphere of pressure.

The surface tension of pure water will increase ________.

About how many calories are required to convert 2 g of ice at 0°C to water vapor at 50°C ?