Question 1

Which of the following is NOT associated with the gender similarities hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gender differences do not affect relationships. 
B)  Hyde's meta-analysis included over forty-six meta-analyses. 
C)  Most gender psychological differences are quite small. 
D)  Critics think Hyde left out important variables in her meta-analysis.

Question 2

Briefly summarize research on gender similarities and differences in cognitive abilities.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly summarize research on gender similarities and...

Question 3

During relationship conflicts,women are more likely than men to

Accepted Answer

A)  use positive nonverbal messages. 
B)  reject attempts at reconciliation. 
C)  display strong positive emotions. 
D)  avoid guilt manipulations and power plays.

Question 4

Which of the following types of media appear to contain gender-role bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  Video games 
B)  Educational software 
C)  Television commercials 
D)  All of these

Question 5

The _____ connects the two hemispheres of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  skull 
B)  cerebrum 
C)  corpus callosum 
D)  neuronal dendrites

Question 6

Cross-cultural findings of gender differences

Accepted Answer

A)  do not support evolutionary psychology views. 
B)  support evolutionary views because of their inconsistencies. 
C)  do not support evolutionary psychology theory because males and females have different adaptive demands. 
D)  support evolutionary psychology theory when consistent differences arise.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true of gender stereotypes in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are based on prototypes of white,middle-class,heterosexual Christians. 
B)  Competence and expressiveness are more similar for African American males and females than white American males and females. 
C)  They are more positive for African American women than Hispanic women. 
D)  They have become less rigid since the 1980s.

Question 8

Mothers given an androgen-like drug to prevent miscarriage have given evidence that when exposed to high levels of androgens prenatally

Accepted Answer

A)  boys exhibit more female-typical behavior than other boys. 
B)  girls exhibit more male-typical behavior than other girls do. 
C)  the female embryo is highly resistant to the effects of such hormones. 
D)  causal conclusions can be drawn from these correlational data.

Question 9

The gender similarities hypothesis states that

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological gender similarities are rarely found. 
B)  most psychological gender differences are quite small. 
C)  there are no differences between genders as substantiated by Hyde's research. 
D)  there are decisive differences between genders psychologically.

Question 10

Briefly explain common problems caused by gender-role expectations for male and females.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain common problems caused by gender-role...

Question 11

High levels of _____ in male embryos and their low level in female embryos lead to differentiation of genital organs.

Accepted Answer

A)  androgens 
B)  testosterone 
C)  estrogen 
D)  hormones

Question 12

Widely shared beliefs about males' and females' abilities,personality traits,and social behavior are

Accepted Answer

A)  gender roles. 
B)  gender differences. 
C)  sexual orientations. 
D)  gender stereotypes.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT an area of gender difference in cognitive abilities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intelligence 
B)  Verbal 
C)  Mathematics 
D)  Spatial

Question 14

Research suggests that an emotional difference between men and women is

Accepted Answer

A)  men experience more emotional than women. 
B)  women are more outwardly expressive than men. 
C)  women experience emotions more than men. 
D)  men are taught to display their emotions more than women.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the effect that television has on gender-role socialization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Females appear more often and are likely to appear in primary roles. 
B)  About 35% of children are raised in homes where the TV is almost always on or on most of the time on. 
C)  Male characters are more likely to demonstrate competence-related behaviors such as reaching a goal and showing ingenuity. 
D)  Gender stereotypes are especially exaggerated in television commercials.

Question 16

Many scholars argue with the idea of two cultures in gender-based communications because there is a need to look at the more complex and important communication of

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual consent and date rape. 
B)  sexual harassment. 
C)  expectations for achievement. 
D)  all of these are impacted by gender-based communication.

Question 17

_____ suggests that gender differences in behavior reflect natural selection of the course of human history.

Accepted Answer

A)  Evolutionary psychology 
B)  Behaviorist psychology 
C)  Psychoanalytic theory 
D)  Humanistic psychology

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a stereotyped attribute for females?

Accepted Answer

A)  Considerate 
B)  Sensitive 
C)  Gentle 
D)  Active

Question 19

When Phyllis takes a personality inventory,the resulting scores on the subscales that measure masculinity and femininity are both low.This pattern of scoring is called

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-gender-typed if female. 
B)  undifferentiated. 
C)  androgynous. 
D)  feminine gender-typed if female.

Question 20

Because of socialization experiences,Bob is more likely to use _____ style of communication that Betty.

Accepted Answer

A)  an expressive 
B)  a problem-solving 
C)  a sensitive 
D)  an instrumental

Exam 11: Gender and Behavior