Question 1

What is the difference between import-oriented industrialization and export-oriented industrialization? Which development strategy is better? Explain and provide examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the difference between import-oriented industrialization...

Question 2

In 2009,low- and middle-income countries accounted for _______ of world exports of manufactured goods.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 percent 
B)  15 percent 
C)  20 percent 
D)  25 percent

Question 3

World system theorists argue that when countries of the periphery became politically sovereign,or independent,in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries,their ruling elites

Accepted Answer

A)  cut off all economic ties with the world economy. 
B)  cut off all political ties with the world economy. 
C)  cut off political and economic ties with the world economy. 
D)  maintained close economic ties to the world economy.

Question 4

Some critics suggest that many Western theories of economic and political development failed to anticipate the economic stagnation and political repression in much of the developing world,because a crucial flaw in Western theory was that it focuses

Accepted Answer

A)  mostly on foreign,not domestic forces. 
B)  mostly on domestic,not foreign forces. 
C)  on domestic and foreign forces,but ignored economic issues. 
D)  solely on political forces,but not economic issues.

Question 5

What is international court of justice and can it ease the North-South gap? Provide examples

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is international court of justice and...

Question 6

One main reason why the gap between the rich and poor is a gap between North and South is

Accepted Answer

A)  the Northern hemisphere developed at the expense of the Southern Hemisphere. 
B)  the prevalence of disease and the subsequent fertility response. 
C)  colonialism,imperialism,and globalism. 
D)  Northern countries dominate the global trading rules and agenda and tend to exploit Southern countries.

Question 7

In making loans to highly indebted countries,the International Monetary Fund typically insists on

Accepted Answer

A)  structural adjustment. 
B)  democratically elected governments. 
C)  high interest rates. 
D)  human rights reforms.

Question 8

For which of the following commodities has a successful cartel been established?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bauxite 
B)  Copper 
C)  Petroleum 
D)  Bananas

Question 9

In international negotiations,LDCs have consistently sought to restructure tariff schedules so that they could

Accepted Answer

A)  import more manufactured goods from industrialized countries. 
B)  export more manufactured goods to industrialized countries. 
C)  import more manufactured goods from developing countries. 
D)  export more manufactured goods to developing countries.

Question 10

Comparing countries and regions in terms of their levels of development is a difficult exercise because

Accepted Answer

A)  many countries do not report the necessary information. 
B)  no one country is willing to collect the information. 
C)  there are differing views about what exactly "development" means. 
D)  All of the above are true.

Question 11

A possible strategy for economic development aimed at raising the living standards of the poorest parts of the population such as providing subsidized rice,health care,education,and transportation is often called the

Accepted Answer

A)  decent growth strategy. 
B)  by-the-bootstrap strategy. 
C)  contra-dependent development strategy. 
D)  basic-needs strategy.

Question 12

The economic prerequisites argument emphasizes

Accepted Answer

A)  economic development coming before democracy. 
B)  economic openness to attract foreign investment. 
C)  economic policies aimed at correcting income inequality. 
D)  economic restructuring prior to removing trade barriers.

Question 13

Almost ____ percent of the global population live in low-income countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  12 
B)  32 
C)  52 
D)  72

Question 14

Comparing countries and regions in terms of their levels of development is a(n)________ exercise.

Accepted Answer

A)  futile 
B)  easy 
C)  difficult 
D)  impossible

Question 15

Some gaps between North and the South countries continue to widen-especially differences in

Accepted Answer

A)  population growth. 
B)  life expectancy. 
C)  adult literacy. 
D)  wealth and income.

Question 16

At the end of 2011,the foreign debt of all developing and emerging market economies was more than $______trillion.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5 
B)  2 
C)  3.5 
D)  5.4

Question 17

A theory that suggests that urbanization,secularization,and cultural tolerance that encourage an entrepreneurial spirit are the product of the dismissal of traditional practices is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  dependency theory. 
B)  modernization theory. 
C)  world-systems theory. 
D)  self-reliance theory.

Question 18

The relationship between economic development and democracy is

Accepted Answer

A)  strongly correlated. 
B)  loosely correlated. 
C)  not correlated. 
D)  not yet determined.

Question 19

____ percent of people on the earth live in high-income countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sixteen 
B)  Thirty-six 
C)  Fifty-six 
D)  Seventy-six

Question 20

Export-oriented industrialized (EOI)countries often experienced __________ inward-oriented LDCs.

Accepted Answer

A)  faster growth rates than 
B)  slower growth rates than 
C)  marginal growth rates than 
D)  about the same growth rates as

Exam 13: Development and Underdevelopment