Stephen Spends an Hour Studying Instead of Playing Soccer with His

Multiple Choice

Stephen spends an hour studying instead of playing soccer with his friends. What is the opportunity cost to him of studying?

A) the improvement in his grades from studying for the hour
B) the difference between the improvement in his grades from studying minus the enjoyment of playing soccer
C) the enjoyment and exercise he would have received had he played soccer
D) nothing, because Stephen chose to study rather than to play soccer so the value of studying must have been greater than the value of playing soccer