Question 1

The systematic development of a scientific approach to psychopathology is represented by

Accepted Answer

A)  humanistic psychology. 
B)  psychoanalysis. 
C)  Jungian psychology. 
D)  the behavioral model.

Question 2

Casey is an outgoing, happy-go-lucky, outwardly social individual, whereas Samantha is shy, somewhat withdrawn, and quiet. These two individuals represent which of Jung's concepts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Collective unconscious/personal unconscious 
B)  Extraversion/introversion 
C)  Archetypal son/archetypal daughter 
D)  Superiority/inferiority

Question 3

Although Freud conceptualized the libido as the life energy within the id, many people think of it as the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  death instinct 
B)  sex drive 
C)  conscience 
D)  Oedipal conflict

Question 4

Although electroconvulsive therapy is controversial, we still use it today. It is interesting that it is used

Accepted Answer

A)  despite possible harmful side effects. 
B)  and may cause serious fatal outcomes such as heart attacks. 
C)  despite the fact that we have little knowledge of how it works. 
D)  despite the fact that the success rate is about 25%.

Question 5

In classical conditioning, the presentation of the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus over a long period of time would eventually lead to the

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction of the conditioned response. 
B)  elimination of the conditioned response. 
C)  shaping of the conditioned response. 
D)  forgetting of the response.

Question 6

Induced vomiting was a 17th century treatment for depression. As described in Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), this could be accomplished by eating and a half-boiled cabbage.

Accepted Answer

A)  raw meat 
B)  ice 
C)  coal 
D)  tobacco

Question 7

Which method reflects the first general application of the behavioral method to psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Law of effect (Thorndike) 
B)  Behavior modification (Skinner) 
C)  Systematic desensitization (Wolpe) 
D)  Conditioning of a fear response (Pavlov)

Question 8

You have been asked to give a report on the mental hygiene movement and its foremost crusader Dorothea Dix, who campaigned for more humane treatment of the insane. After mentioning all of her accomplishments, you note the unforeseen consequence of her efforts, namely,

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in the number of mental patients in institutions, forcing many to close. 
B)  an increase in the number of mental patients, resulting in insufficient staff to care for them. 
C)  a change from custodial care to moral therapy for institutionalized patients. 
D)  more patients receiving psychotherapy and fewer receiving medication.

Question 9

One hot and humid night, one of your friends suggests doing some really crazy things. You look up at the sky and say, "It must be the full moon." Your statement reflects the concept from which the word is derived.

Accepted Answer

A)  lunatic 
B)  idiot 
C)  maniac 
D)  psychopath

Question 10

Severe internal conflicts that produce a lot of anxiety or other emotions can trigger self-defeating defensive processes or symptoms such as

Accepted Answer

A)  acute and posttraumatic stress symptoms. 
B)  depression or bipolar symptoms. 
C)  phobic or obsessive symptoms. 
D)  suicidal or aggressive symptoms.

Question 11

A male college student begins feeling sad and lonely. Although still able to go to classes and work at his job, he finds himself feeling down much of the time and worrying about what is happening to him. Which part of the definition of abnormality applies to his situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personal distress 
B)  Cultural factors 
C)  Impaired functioning 
D)  Violation of societal norms

Question 12

Mustafa was bitten by a dog when he was five years old. Now he is afraid of any dog he sees. His fear of dog is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned stimulus. 
B)  unconditioned response. 
C)  conditioned stimulus. 
D)  conditioned response.

Question 13

The first significant supporting evidence for a biological cause of a mental disorder was the 19th century discovery that the psychotic disorder called general paresis was caused by the same bacterial microorganism that causes __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  malaria 
B)  Alzheimer's disease 
C)  syphilis 
D)  hysteria

Question 14

The criterion that a particular behavior be atypical or not culturally expected is insufficient to define abnormality because

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior that occurs infrequently is considered abnormal in every culture. 
B)  society is less willing to tolerate eccentricity in people who are productive. 
C)  behaviors vary very little from one culture to another. 
D)  many people behave in ways that deviate from the average, but this doesn't mean that they have a disorder.

Question 15

Somatic symptom disorders, a current DSM-5 classification that evolved from the concept of "hysteria," affect

Accepted Answer

A)  men only. 
B)  women only. 
C)  men or women. 
D)  children only.

Question 16

Most mental health professionals are aware that psychoanalysis as a treatment technique

Accepted Answer

A)  is basically unscientific. 
B)  has been proven effective. 
C)  has been subject to careful measurement criteria. 
D)  is noted for consistency in analytic interpretation.

Question 17

Regarding the criteria that define abnormality, it would be correct to state that

Accepted Answer

A)  no one criterion has yet been developed that fully defines abnormality. 
B)  personal distress is the one criterion that defines abnormality. 
C)  the criteria differ depending on the cause of the psychological disorder. 
D)  the criteria differ depending on whether the individual has a psychological disorder or a psychological dysfunction.

Question 18

In which of the following defense mechanisms does an individual unconsciously block disturbing wishes, thoughts, or experiences from awareness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rationalization 
B)  Reaction formation 
C)  Repression 
D)  Displacement

Question 19

Since the time of ancient Greece, the concept of a psyche or soul was similar to that of the .

Accepted Answer

A)  brain 
B)  mind 
C)  body 
D)  blood

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT associated with the humanistic theories of Carl Rogers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unconditional positive regard 
B)  Hierarchy of needs 
C)  Empathy 
D)  Person-centered therapy

Exam 1: Abnormal Behavior in Historical Context