Question 1

Define water pollution,point source,and non -point source pollution.Which of the two (point source or
non -point source)is easier to identify? Which is easier to legislate? Which currently poses the greater threat to fresh water?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

One -fifth of Earth's total freshwater supply is in _________________ .

Accepted Answer

A) the ocean 
B) the tundra 
C) estuaries 
D) ponds 
E) groundwater

Question 3

Describe the benefits obtained by the creation of artificial wetlands.

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Question 4

Only about 2.5% of all the water on our planet is fresh water,and _________________.

Accepted Answer

A) most of this is far from where humans live 
B) over half of this is in wetlands near coastlines and is becoming contaminated with saltwater 
C) over half of this is extremely hard water and is nearly unusable for drinking or agriculture 
D) most of this is in underground aquifers 
E) most of this is in large,freshwater lakes

Question 5

Recent research that analyzed the content of commercial bottled water indicates that _________________.

Accepted Answer

A) bottled water consumes less fossil fuels in reaching the consumer than does tap water 
B) bottled water is generally much safer and purer than tap water 
C) bottled water has no contamination from hormone mimic plasticizers 
D) all surveyed brands had information about the source and how it was treated 
E) bottled water is no safer or purer than most samples of tap water

Question 6

Use the Three Gorges Dam on China's Yangtze River to illustrate the benefits and costs associated with building dams.

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Question 7

A septic system is _________________

Accepted Answer

A) an early version of a wastewater treatment plant 
B) the use of natural wetlands to cleanse wastewater 
C) a second level mechanism to remove bacteria at a wastewater treatment plant 
D) a toxic or badly polluted waterway 
E) a rural method of processing wastewater

Question 8

Emergent vegetation such as cattails and reeds grow in the _________________ zone of a lake.

Accepted Answer

A) aphotic 
B) littoral 
C) benthic 
D) limnetic 
E) profundal

Question 9

The fish in the lake at the local park are dying,and a professor from the local college comes to investigate.First she measures the levels of dissolved oxygen because she wants to check for _________________

Accepted Answer

A) aquatic biodiversity 
B) the influence of acid precipitation 
C) the presence of heavy metals 
D) the presence of bacteria 
E) hypoxia

Question 10

What is the main argument against removing O'Shaughnessy Dam in Yosemite National Park?

Accepted Answer

A) The dam is the main source of electricity for Napa Valley. 
B) There are endangered species such as puffins and auklets that need the reservoir for habitat. 
C) The dam is a registered historic national landmark,so its removal would be unlawful. 
D) Most visitors to Yosemite use the reservoir for parasailing and waterskiing. 
E) The reservoir is the main source of drinking water for the city of San Francisco.

Question 11

Dam removal in the U.S._________________

Accepted Answer

A) will probably increase rapidly as we move to a more fossil -fuel -dependent society 
B) provides many new jobs and opportunities and so is economically beneficial 
C) is controversial because dams provide such good habitats for native species 
D) will assist with our transition to more natural forms of renewable energy 
E) will probably continue because the environmental impacts of dams are reviewed periodically

Question 12

Levees are used _________________

Accepted Answer

A) to prevent flooding and facilitate shipping 
B) to pump water from an aquifer 
C) to block water flow and hold water in a reservoir 
D) to transport water from a river to an urban center 
E) along scenic byways so drivers can get a better view of a river

Question 13

Discuss the environmental,quality,and economic issues associated with the manufacture and consumption of bottled water.

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Question 14

A 2009 study found that one -third of the world's 925 major rivers experienced reduced flow from 1948 to 2004,with the majority of the reduction attributed to _________________.

Accepted Answer

A) overuse for agriculture 
B) the effects of climate change 
C) dredging operations that make the rivers navigable 
D) municipalities diverting treated wastewater into artificial wetlands rather than the rivers themselves 
E) overuse by cities for drinking water

Question 15

It is estimated that by 2035,half of the people in the world will live under severe water shortages.Discuss three specific strategies for conserving water.

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Question 16

How can algal growth be a problem in a freshwater system?

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Question 17

Why is grain production in the Great Plains considered largely unsustainable?

Accepted Answer

A) The energetics of crop production in the Great Plains are such that more energy is needed to grow the crops than can be gotten from the crops. 
B) Competition with cattle ranching is resulting in a decline in crop production. 
C) More and more people are becoming gluten intolerant,so there will be less and less demand for wheat,barley,and rye. 
D) The Ogallala aquifer is being depleted for irrigation water. 
E) So many pesticides are needed for grain production that streams in the Great Plains are becoming dead zones.

Exam 15: Freshwater Systems and Resources

Define water pollution,point source,and non -point source pollution.Which of the two (point source or non -point source)is easier to identify? Which is easier to legislate? Which currently poses the greater threat to fresh water?