Question 1

Working to achieve sustainability on college and university campuses ______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  will have long-term benefits to society when students graduate 
B)  is not a vital part of university curricula 
C)  increases costs to students 
D)  is opposed by most universities 
E)  will have no impact on society after students graduate

Question 2

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Northeast of Australia and northwest of Fiji lies the isolated tropical island of Tikopia. Less than two miles in length, it supports 1200 people and has been continuously occupied for nearly 3000 years, with the population holding steady for much of that time. It has a two-month dry season every year and lies in the Pacificʹs cyclone belt, which destroys homes and gardens on an unpredictable but regular basis. Tikopia is too far away from other islands to have any regular contact; the islanders must be self-sufficient.
-People live in clans on the island. Within the clan, individual families are probably encouraged to ______________  in order to ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  have very few children; concentrate the clan wealth among only a few people 
B)  have very few children; avoid food shortages 
C)  have as many children as possible; wage war on other clans 
D)  have as many children as possible; grow crops to feed the clan 
E)  have as many children as possible; care for their parents and other older clan members

Question 3

Ecological economists suggest that we can gain better understanding of economics and human interactions with the environment if we view human economies as ______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  entities that are integrated within natural systems 
B)  consumption driven 
C)  entities that are devoid of ecosystem characteristics 
D)  consumer driven 
E)  preservation driven

Question 4

Responsible stewardship in the coming decades will require global energy policies that promote ______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  additional exploration of shale oil and natural gas resources 
B)  productivity and economic prosperity in developing nations 
C)  exploration for petroleum reserves in deeper areas of the oceans than were previously technologically possible 
D)  the development of abundant and inexpensive fossil fuels such as shale gas 
E)  both sustainability and technological efficiency

Question 5

Why are short-term solutions often offered to achieve sustainability? Why must sustainable solutions work in the long term? Why does the current political system inhibit our ability as a community to work on long -term solutions, and how can citizens change this?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why are short-term solutions often offered to...

Question 6

Most college and university sustainability initiatives are home-grown and local, such as ______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  Recyclemania 
B)  The Solar Decathlon 
C)  sustainable food and dining initiatives, like those at Kennesaw State University 
D)  Campus Conservation Nationals 
E)  Both A and B

Question 7

College sustainability programs that are inclusive of all stakeholders are important for the advancement of pro-sustainability legislation because ______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  corporations employ lobbyists that push politicians into protecting profits 
B)  governments tend to think in short-term goals 
C)  individuals in governments are more interested in maintaining personal power than they are in working for their constituency 
D)  regardless of what they have learned about sustainability, citizen action will be ignored by politicians 
E)  more informed citizens will form a larger constituency that will use what they have learned about sustainability and their voting power to pressure politicians

Question 8

Renewable energy resources are critical for long-term sustainability. An example of a renewable energy resource is ______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  coal 
B)  crude oil 
C)  solar energy 
D)  uranium 
E)  shale oil

Question 9

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following:
-Sustainable solutions to environmental problems require thinking for the

Accepted Answer

A) short-term 
B) lavishly consumptive lifestyles 
C) war, plague, and famine 
D) voluntary growth reduction 
E) systems organization
F)linear organization
G)compulsion to recycle and reduce consumption
H)long-term

Question 10

Use the figure above to answer the following question
-Plans for solving overlapping environmental and economic goals would fare best by ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  including social goals with the ultimate objective of planning sustainable development 
B)  ignoring competing social goals 
C)  realizing that there is no shared agenda with social goals 
D)  excluding the competing interest of sustainable development 
E)  debating the issue with the goal of eliminating the weaker of the two interests

Question 11

What is the definition of true progress for our entire planet?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the definition of true progress...

Question 12

It is imperative that developed countries assist developing countries in economic advancement for sustainability because ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  all people in developing countries welcome the influx of foreign corporations for economic assistance 
B)  it is easier and less expensive to create physical and governmental infrastructure to support heavy industry in developing countries 
C)  it is easier and less expensive to exploit resources in developing countries 
D)  it is less expensive for developing countries to manufacture the consumer goods needed by developed countries 
E)  there is a direct connection between poverty and those who suffer the most from environmental degradation

Question 13

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Northeast of Australia and northwest of Fiji lies the isolated tropical island of Tikopia. Less than two miles in length, it supports 1200 people and has been continuously occupied for nearly 3000 years, with the population holding steady for much of that time. It has a two-month dry season every year and lies in the Pacificʹs cyclone belt, which destroys homes and gardens on an unpredictable but regular basis. Tikopia is too far away from other islands to have any regular contact; the islanders must be self-sufficient.
-One major problem Tikopians have faced and solved is how to ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain a sustainable society over a long period of time 
B)  find and exploit economically valuable resources 
C)  conduct trade with far distant groups 
D)  organize an educated community 
E)  use technology to increase population size

Question 14

We could, in theory, make all of our industrial processes sustainable if we could ______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the use of biodegradable plastics 
B)  speed up the disposal of wastes by deep-well injection 
C)  develop more draconian policies to regulate manufacturing 
D)  transform cyclic processes into linear ones 
E)  transform linear processes into circular ones

Question 15

Producing responsible and constructive technology that can achieve sustainable solutions requires ______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  increase of technology developed through self-interest of large companies 
B)  public pressure to put limits on environmental protection 
C)  importing inferior technology to developing countries while developed countries invest in green technology 
D)  funding for scientific research and elimination of damaging and inefficient technology 
E)  having citizens be cognizant of the need for politicians to work with ʺbig businessʺ

Question 16

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Northeast of Australia and northwest of Fiji lies the isolated tropical island of Tikopia. Less than two miles in length, it supports 1200 people and has been continuously occupied for nearly 3000 years, with the population holding steady for much of that time. It has a two-month dry season every year and lies in the Pacificʹs cyclone belt, which destroys homes and gardens on an unpredictable but regular basis. Tikopia is too far away from other islands to have any regular contact; the islanders must be self-sufficient.
-Archaeological evidence shows that, in a manner similar to Easter Island, the first settlers cleared forests by burning them and feasted on the birds, fish, turtles, and bats. The archaeological middens (trash piles) show that they extirpated numerous species of plants, birds, and bats; that the fish and shellfish numbers declined dramatically; and that the average sizes of these organisms was drastically reduced. By the end of the first thousand years of residency, the initial food resources were gone and Tikopians began to raise pigs as a major protein source. Suddenly, about 500 years later, the people killed every pig on the island. This is most likely because ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  they had a serious problem, such as a prolonged drought, and sacrificed the pigs to their gods 
B)  they were having a huge celebration of some event, such as a victory over an enemy 
C)  they were tired of pork 
D)  their chiefs made it taboo to eat pork 
E)  they realized they were better off eating vegetables than feeding vegetables to pigs and eating pigs

Question 17

An important way to alter the perception that protecting the environment is incompatible with economic progress is through ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  articles in newspapers 
B)  picketing and paying for newspaper ads 
C)  consumerism and competition 
D)  top-down governmental mandates 
E)  education and collaboration

Question 18

The lesson of Easter Island was that ______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  conservation of resources is necessary for sustainable societies 
B)  we never comprehend resource issues until the resources are gone 
C)  political and governmental support are required to ensure sustainable societies 
D)  grassroots organizations must be involved to ensure sustainable societies 
E)  economics is an important facilitator of sustainable societies

Question 19

Our global society has a greater potential to address concerns of sustainability today compared to previous societies because ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  we have many thousands of scientists who study Earthʹs processes and resources closely 
B)  we have citizens who vote 
C)  politicians today propose short-term solutions 
D)  of the Bill of Rights 
E)  we value goods

Question 20

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following:
-Wealthy people in developed countries often have this

Accepted Answer