Question 1

Which organelle is most abundant in cardiac muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria
B)  lysosomes
C)  Golgi complexes
D)  smooth ER
E)  plastids A

Question 2

Which pair of organelles is responsible for supplying energy to eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes and mitochondria
B)  chloroplasts and ribosomes
C)  Golgi apparatus and ribosomes
D)  mitochondria and lysosomes
E)  chloroplasts and mitochondria E

Question 3

The nuclei of eukaryotic cells are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  a single-layered membrane.
B)  one or more nucleoids.
C)  a double membrane.
D)  a nonporous membrane. C

Question 4

Phospholipids are:

Accepted Answer

A)  found in cell membranes.
B)  completely hydrophilic.
C)  completely hydrophobic.
D)  made on the ribosomes.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of plastids?

Accepted Answer

A)  storing photosynthetic products
B)  storing pigments
C)  carrying out photosynthesis
D)  extracting energy from food and converting it to ATP

Question 6

The DNA in a prokaryotic cell is in the ________ region of the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The DNA in a prokaryotic cell is...

Question 7

The Golgi apparatus packages materials into ________ for transport or export.

Accepted Answer

A)  organelles
B)  plastids
C)  vesicles
D)  vacuoles
E)  nucleoli

Question 8

Which of the following "buds off" of the Golgi complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclei
B)  cytoskeleton
C)  ribosomes
D)  cells
E)  vesicles

Question 9

A plant cell adapted for waste storage would probably contain a large number of:

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria.
B)  vacuoles.
C)  ER.
D)  nuclei.
E)  ribosomes.

Question 10

The cell shown in this figure must be:

Accepted Answer

A)  a prokaryote.
B)  from a plant.
C)  from a eukaryote.
D)  an exception to the cell theory.

Question 11

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells possess:

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria.
B)  chloroplasts.
C)  a nucleus.
D)  ribosomes.

Question 12

The ribosomes in eukaryotic cells are larger than the ribosomes in prokaryotic cells. Furthermore, eukaryotic ribosomes are not affected by some chemicals that affect prokaryotic ribosomes, a fact that can be put to good use by microbiologists seeking new antimicrobial drugs. An example of this is the antibiotic erythromycin, which prevents protein synthesis by prokaryotic ribosomes but does not affect eukaryotic ribosomes at all. Thus, erythromycin kills bacteria but does not affect humans or other animals. Using this information, which of the following would be expected and would support the endosymbiont hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondrial ribosomes will be larger than prokaryotic ribosomes.
B)  Mitochondria and chloroplasts will not have ribosomes.
C)  The ribosomes in chloroplasts will be sensitive to erythromycin.
D)  Prokaryotic ribosomes and eukaryotic ribosomes will be more similar to each other than they are to the ribosomes in mitochondria or chloroplasts.

Question 13

Aerobic metabolism occurs in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosome.
B)  chloroplast.
C)  mitochondrion.
D)  cytoplasm.
E)  nucleus.

Question 14

The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells contains all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  water.
B)  dissolved nutrients.
C)  organelles.
D)  enzymes.
E)  chromosomes.

Question 15

A cell that contains a large number of ribosomes would produce a large number of ________ molecules.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A cell that contains a large number...

Question 16

Which of the following provides evidence that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living prokaryotic organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  They produce digestive enzymes on their rough ER.
B)  They contain their own DNA.
C)  They capture the energy of sunlight to make ATP.
D)  They contain nucleoids.

Question 17

Fibers of the cytoskeleton are composed of primarily:

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acids.
B)  polysaccharides.
C)  lipids.
D)  ER.
E)  proteins.

Question 18

Describe the differences among the nucleolus, nucleus, and nucleoid regions in cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the differences among the nucleolus, nucleus,...

Question 19

Plastids are found in ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial
B)  plant
C)  animal
D)  fungal

Question 20

All the following are important functions of the cytoskeleton EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  storage of food molecules.
B)  assistance during cell division.
C)  movement of organelles.
D)  maintenance of shape.
E)  maintenance of organization in the cell.

Exam 4: Cell Structure and Function