Question 1

A child in the preoperational stage cannot understand a family tree, but a child in the concrete operational stage can. Piaget claims that this is because a child in the concrete operational stage can

Accepted Answer

A)  think abstractly. 
B)  classify things. 
C)  memorize better. 
D)  reason intuitively.

Question 2

Piaget opposed teaching methods that

Accepted Answer

A)  treat children as passive receptacles. 
B)  involve ongoing assessment. 
C)  facilitate rather than apply direct learning. 
D)  require children to be active and seek solutions for themselves.

Question 3

Dr. Ruiz is a theoretical physicist who is a renowned researcher, but she has difficulty figuring out how to turn on the air conditioner in her car. According to Robert Sternberg, Dr. Ruiz has

Accepted Answer

A)  high analytical intelligence and low practical intelligence. 
B)  high creative intelligence and low analytical intelligence. 
C)  high analytical intelligence and low creative intelligence. 
D)  high practical intelligence and low creative intelligence.

Question 4

Which of the following would most intelligence researchers agree with?

Accepted Answer

A)  Changes in environment can alter IQ scores significantly. 
B)  Genetics are the dominant influence on IQ scores. 
C)  Genetic endowment has largely been debunked as an influence on intelligence. 
D)  A handful of specific genes can be identified as the core determinants of IQ.

Question 5

Children who continue to reverse their letters such as "b" and "d" in the early elementary grades are

Accepted Answer

A)  likely dyslexic. 
B)  likely normal. 
C)  developmentally delayed. 
D)  likely to suffer literacy problems later.

Question 6

Marlena is a non-English speaking student who is receiving her education in both English and her native language. Marlena is participating in the ________ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  English-only 
B)  dual-language 
C)  mixed-language 
D)  integrated-language

Question 7

A painter is MOST likely to score high on which of Gardner's types of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  verbal 
B)  spatial 
C)  bodily-kinesthetic 
D)  intrapersonal

Question 8

Gist refers to the central idea of the information. Which of the following theories considers gist in understanding memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  elaboration theory 
B)  mental imagery theory 
C)  schema theory 
D)  fuzzy trace theory

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE regarding executive function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parents who are self-regulators tend to have children with high executive function. 
B)  Physical exercise has no apparent link to executive function. 
C)  Flexibility and working memory are not related to executive function. 
D)  Children with low self-control tend to score high on measures of executive function.

Question 10

Which of the following theories, proposed by Robert J. Sternberg, describes three types of intelligence: analytical, creative, and practical?

Accepted Answer

A)  triarchic theory of intelligence 
B)  sociocultural theory of intelligence 
C)  psychosocial theory of intelligence 
D)  developmental theory of intelligence

Question 11

Basketball superstar Michael Jordan is MOST likely to score high on which of Gardner's types of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  verbal 
B)  spatial 
C)  bodily-kinesthetic 
D)  naturalist

Question 12

Briefly describe metacognition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe metacognition....

Question 13

During middle and late childhood, autobiographical memories become

Accepted Answer

A)  less elaborate and less broad. 
B)  more elaborate but less broad. 
C)  more elaborate and broader. 
D)  briefer but more elaborate.

Question 14

Metacognition is

Accepted Answer

A)  learning about mindfulness. 
B)  learning about memory strategies. 
C)  knowing about knowing. 
D)  thinking about abstract concepts.

Question 15

According to Gardner's eight frames of mind, which of the following persons is MOST likely to possess a high level of "interpersonal intelligence"?

Accepted Answer

A)  a surgeon 
B)  an architect 
C)  a botanist 
D)  a mental health professional

Question 16

Which of the following is a relatively permanent type of memory that holds huge amounts of information?

Accepted Answer

A)  Recoverable memory 
B)  Referenced memory 
C)  Schematic memory 
D)  Long-term memory

Question 17

Children with a helpless orientation often attribute their difficulty to

Accepted Answer

A)  bad luck. 
B)  uncaring adults. 
C)  poor efforts. 
D)  a lack of ability.

Question 18

A school administration is trying to reduce crowding in classrooms and identify students who might be better off in special schools. As a counselor, you have been asked to administer intelligence tests to students for this purpose. Identify some of the cautions that will help you avoid the pitfalls of using information about students' intelligence in negative ways.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A school administration is trying to reduce...

Question 19

Compare and contrast short-term memory and long-term memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast short-term memory and long-term...

Question 20

An experimenter presents a child with two identical balls of clay. The experimenter rolls one of the balls into a long, thin piece of clay. The child is then asked if there is more clay in the ball or in the long, thin piece. This Piagetian task is a test to see if the child is capable of ________ operations.

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete 
B)  formal 
C)  inference 
D)  judgment

Exam 12: Cognitive Development in Middle in Late Childhood