Question 1

Using a refillable beverage container (returnable bottles)would be an example of ________ materials.

Accepted Answer

A)  reusing
B)  recycling
C)  reducing
D)  redefining A

Question 2

Using the heat from a trash incinerator to power nearby facilities is a process known as

Accepted Answer

A)  energy recovery.
B)  recycling.
C)  massburn.
D)  composting. A

Question 3

Brownfields are

Accepted Answer

A)  landfills that have been converted to farmland.
B)  contaminated areas in cities that have to be abandoned.
C)  facilities that use plants to convert hazardous wastes to less harmful substances.
D)  farmland that has been made useless because of improper disposal of toxic waste.
E)  abandoned land in cities that are put to use for community gardens or other green space. E

Question 4

In the United States about two-thirds of a ton of waste is generated for each person (including children).Compared to the United States,Japan and Europe generate about half that amount.One of the factors that probably does not contribute to this difference is

Accepted Answer

A)  the United States collection and dumping processes mix and crush everything together so separation is not possible.
B)  the fact that Japan is an island with limited space.
C)  the high rate of recycling in Japan.
D)  that people in the United States have a higher standard of living than Japan and Europe.

Question 5

CERCLA legislation

Accepted Answer

A)  established the NPL.
B)  requires the testing of the toxicity of substances.
C)  requires brownfields to be developed.
D)  requires the EPA to clean up toxic waste sites.

Question 6

Up to one-third of all commercial and industrial sites in the urban core of many big cities fall in this category:

Accepted Answer

A)  e-waste
B)  open dumps
C)  landfills
D)  brownfields
E)  redfields

Question 7

All of the following are examples of how to process or permanently store the hazardous waste we generate,except

Accepted Answer

A)  incineration.
B)  brownfield sites.
C)  chemical processing.
D)  permanent retrievable storage.
E)  secure landfills.

Question 8

In recent decades,unregulated open dumps have ________ in developing countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  nearly disappeared
B)  mostly become regulated
C)  remained the primary disposal method
D)  been replaced by incineration and methane generation
E)  been replaced by sanitary landfills

Question 9

The National Priority List is a list of sites that

Accepted Answer

A)  we currently have money to deal with.
B)  deserve research for possible cleanup.
C)  will probably never be cleaned up.
D)  seriously require cleanup to prevent further environmental and health damage.
E)  are especially vulnerable to hazardous wastes (e.g. ,aquifer recharge zones) and are not available for future building permits.

Question 10

Secure landfills are those that

Accepted Answer

A)  have no groundwater below them.
B)  accept no toxic substances.
C)  are built like a bathtub with a lid.
D)  are sealed entirely with durable plastic.
E)  are sealed entirely with concrete.

Question 11

The US stopped all dumping of municipal refuse into oceans in 1958.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Illegal dumping and storage of hazardous waste

Accepted Answer

A)  continues to threaten public health.
B)  has completely stopped since the Superfund Act.
C)  has not stopped completely but is rare.
D)  has become a problem mainly since the Superfund Act.
E)  will always be present because people are not concerned about toxic wastes.

Question 13

The most often overlooked of the "three Rs" is

Accepted Answer

A)  recycle.
B)  reuse.
C)  release.
D)  redefine.
E)  reduce.

Question 14

Individual efforts to reduce the volume of the waste stream

Accepted Answer

A)  have enormous cumulative effects.
B)  are fairly useful because it demonstrates to corporations that we care.
C)  have some effects,but we need to target industries to reduce their waste stream instead.
D)  have little effect but make people feel better.
E)  matter very little.

Question 15

In the case of sanitary landfills,the cost of disposing of wastes is ________ as technology provides safer alternatives.

Accepted Answer

A)  slowly increasing
B)  slowly decreasing
C)  staying relatively stable
D)  sharply increasing
E)  sharply decreasing

Question 16

In terms of cost and safety,one of the best ways to manage hazardous waste is to produce less hazardous waste.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Recycling aluminum is most important for

Accepted Answer

A)  saving raw materials (the ore) .
B)  saving energy.
C)  saving landfill space.
D)  reducing pollutants in the air and water.
E)  All of these are correct.

Question 18

Using bacteria to 'eat' the oil from an oil spill would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  energy recovery.
B)  bioremediation.
C)  phytoremediation.
D)  brownfield recovery.

Question 19

The main method for disposing of municipal wastes in the United States is ________ while ________ is the main method in Japan.

Accepted Answer

A)  incineration;recycling
B)  recycling;landfilling
C)  landfilling;recycling
D)  landfilling;incineration
E)  recycling;incineration

Question 20

Which of the following has the greatest percent recovery through recycling in 2010?

Accepted Answer

A)  yard waste
B)  paper and paperboard
C)  metals
D)  glass
E)  plastics

Exam 14: Solid and Hazardous Waste

Using a refillable beverage container (returnable bottles) would be an example of ________ materials.