Question 1

Moral therapy was an important approach in the treatment of the mentally ill.Define the basis of this approach,describe the individuals responsible for promoting this approach,and why it lost popularity.

Accepted Answer

Moral therapy,advocated by humanitarian reformers (such as Lett,Pinel,Tuke,and Rush),gained popularity in Europe and North America during the early 1800s.Moral therapy was based on the idea that the insane should be treated humanely,without physical restraints.Patients were to be treated with compassion and respect,in a relaxing,stress-free environment.Most advocates of moral therapy believed they could cure mental illness through peaceful surroundings,proper diet and exercise,and activities.In fact,moral therapy did appear to have positive benefits.However,during the 1900s,moral therapy in Canada lost popularity and was replaced by physical and chemical restraints and somatic therapy.Public institutions became larger,thus decreasing the use of moral therapy.Biological approaches suggested that mental problems could be solved quickly and easily through surgery or medication.Even today,no one therapy quite exemplifies the humane approach of moral therapy.

Question 2

Technology-delivered psychotherapy is becoming more and more popular.Describe the opportunities and the challenges that psychologists and other mental health professionals face with the proliferation of technology?

Accepted Answer

The widespread availability of technology provides greater opportunity to provide access to psychological services to those who previously would not have had access.For example,those who live in remote areas would not have been able to gain easy access to psychological services at a clinic or at a hospital.Technology also introduces new ways to collect patient data.For example,tablets and smartphones make it possible to track behaviour in real time and this may be helpful in certain therapies and may improve the accuracy of data collection.But technology is associated with ethical challenges.For example,mental health professionals must be careful with the way they manage their online presence (e.g. ,on Facebook or Twitter)and must exercise caution in sharing personal information (e.g. ,photos)on social media platforms.Also,mental health professionals must carefully consider what opinions they decide to make public online.

Question 3

Supernatural explanations of mental illness became popular in Europe during the Middle Ages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Compare and contrast the somatogenic and psychogenic approaches to mental health and describe the positive effect that these approaches have had.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the somatogenic and psychogenic...

Question 5

The term "bedlam" originated from

Accepted Answer

A)  a method of treatment used in early asylums.
B)  the lack of beds that was common in early asylums.
C)  the bizarre behaviour known as St.Vitus' dance.
D)  moments of frenzy among mad people.
E)  behaviour of the patients in deplorable early European asylums.

Question 6

The growth of mental health services in Canada has been characterized by both positive and negative accomplishments.Describe two of the negative practices used and speculate on the importance of these events for modern practices.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The growth of mental health services in...

Question 7

The early efforts of Canadian provincial governments to care for the insane were characterized by an unsystematic approach.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Early Arab asylums were established to

Accepted Answer

A)  protect society from the mentally ill.
B)  provide the mentally ill with a safe haven.
C)  begin the tradition of group therapy.
D)  reintroduce trephination as a major form of treatment.
E)  fulfill the requirements of the Quran.

Question 9

Darwin's conceptualization of the mechanism of evolution was called natural selection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is true regarding access to care in Canada?

Accepted Answer

A)  Access to care is among the best in North America.
B)  Access to care serves as a world model for how to optimize health care.
C)  Access to care through the public health system is insufficient.
D)  Access to care through workplace insurance benefits is among the best in the world.
E)  Access to care is excellent for children but not for adults.

Question 11

Briefly describe and critique the principles used to establish the criteria for abnormality.Which definition best defines the concept of abnormality?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe and critique the principles used...

Question 12

Despite its aims,the mental hygiene movement of the 19th century did not meet its goals.Describe the reasons for this movement,the instrumental figures responsible for this movement,and the reasons behind its lack of success.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Despite its aims,the mental hygiene movement of...

Question 13

Thomas Szasz claimed that the labels used to describe mental disorders reflected ways of controlling individuals suffering problems in living.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Explanations for abnormal behaviour depend on various factors.Use several examples and describe some reasons why certain behaviours are or are not considered "abnormal."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explanations for abnormal behaviour depend on various...

Question 15

Mental illness conveys the same meaning as psychological abnormality,but it implies a medical or somatogenic rather than psychogenic cause.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The Arab world's approach to dealing with the mentally ill was that of compassion and humanity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Paracelsus believed that psychic conflicts may result in mental illness and treated patients using an early form of hypnotism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The notion of "possession" during the Middle Ages was often applied to

Accepted Answer

A)  people who disagreed with Church doctrine.
B)  people who sinned frequently.
C)  men who physically abused their wives.
D)  people who had suffered a nervous breakdown.
E)  people suffering from a mental illness.

Question 19

After reading about the history of how mental illness has been dealt with,you are determined to advance the profession of psychology.You have been chosen to speak at a conference for the Canadian Psychological Association (CPA)Task Force to promote evidence-based practice (EBP)in clinical psychology.Define EBP,state the "goods" that it promises and how it can deliver them.Operationalize the concept of EBP for clinicians (i.e. ,what behaviours on the part of the clinician are entailed by a commitment to EBP?);make recommendations for how this could be implemented in one's practice and spread throughout the profession.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After reading about the history of how...

Question 20

What were some of the harmful side effects of ECT when it was first used?

Accepted Answer

A)  patients experienced uncontrollable panic attacks during the procedure.
B)  the procedure recovered memories of childhood abuse.
C)  patients started to develop flashbacks that persisted after ECT was over.
D)  patients developed lesions that were not there prior to ECT.
E)  patients suffered broken limbs or cracked vertebrae.

Exam 1: Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Moral therapy was an important approach in the treatment of the mentally ill.Define the basis of this approach,describe the individuals responsible for promoting this approach,and why it lost popularity.

Technology-delivered psychotherapy is becoming more and more popular.Describe the opportunities and the challenges that psychologists and other mental health professionals face with the proliferation of technology?

Supernatural explanations of mental illness became popular in Europe during the Middle Ages.

Compare and contrast the somatogenic and psychogenic approaches to mental health and describe the positive effect that these approaches have had.

The term "bedlam" originated from

The growth of mental health services in Canada has been characterized by both positive and negative accomplishments.Describe two of the negative practices used and speculate on the importance of these events for modern practices.

The early efforts of Canadian provincial governments to care for the insane were characterized by an unsystematic approach.

Early Arab asylums were established to

Darwin's conceptualization of the mechanism of evolution was called natural selection.

Which of the following is true regarding access to care in Canada?

Briefly describe and critique the principles used to establish the criteria for abnormality.Which definition best defines the concept of abnormality?

Despite its aims,the mental hygiene movement of the 19th century did not meet its goals.Describe the reasons for this movement,the instrumental figures responsible for this movement,and the reasons behind its lack of success.

Thomas Szasz claimed that the labels used to describe mental disorders reflected ways of controlling individuals suffering problems in living.

Explanations for abnormal behaviour depend on various factors.Use several examples and describe some reasons why certain behaviours are or are not considered "abnormal."

Mental illness conveys the same meaning as psychological abnormality,but it implies a medical or somatogenic rather than psychogenic cause.

The Arab world's approach to dealing with the mentally ill was that of compassion and humanity.

Paracelsus believed that psychic conflicts may result in mental illness and treated patients using an early form of hypnotism.

The notion of "possession" during the Middle Ages was often applied to

What were some of the harmful side effects of ECT when it was first used?