Question 1

According to sociologists studying crime,

Accepted Answer

A)  both organized crime and corporate crime have an institutionalized character. 
B)  organized crime is a term that is applied only to the Mafia in the U.S. 
C)  financial loss from street crime is greater than that from organized or corporate crime. 
D)  the media images of crime are relatively accurate.

Question 2

According to Durkheim, deviance is functional because it

Accepted Answer

A)  threatens the social order. 
B)  helps members of a society know what is considered normal behavior. 
C)  points out the flaws in how a society is organized. 
D)  creates employment for a large number of people.

Question 3

Social control theory is based on the assumptions that

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a common value system and most people feel some impulse toward deviance. 
B)  those with the most power in society define what is considered deviant or not. 
C)  deviance is a result of labeling. 
D)  deviants agree with the goals of society, but are blocked from achieving them through legitimate means.

Question 4

Functionalists suggest that deviance is functional because it creates social cohesion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Sociologists theorize that rampage shootings are best understood as _.

Accepted Answer

A)  caused by socialization 
B)  caused by psychological predispositions 
C)  the combinations of personality and social structural variables 
D)  reactions to gun control

Question 6

A significant difference between the functionalist and conflict theories of deviance is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the functionalist theory assumes the system works for the good of the whole, and the conflict theory does not. 
B)  the functionalist theory focuses more on the social structure than the conflict theory. 
C)  the functionalist theory pays more attention to the individual than the conflict theory does. 
D)  the functionalist theory ignores the role of deviance in society, while this is a focus for the conflict theory.

Question 7

Acquaintance rape (also called "date rape"), for example, was not considered social deviance until.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Stone Age. 
B)  the Middle ages. 
C)  fairly recently. 
D)  the Industrial Revolution.

Question 8

Psychological explanations of deviance emphasize as the underlying cause of deviant behavior, unlike sociological explanations.

Accepted Answer

A)  individual factors 
B)  the context within which the deviance occurred 
C)  the effects of labeling 
D)  patterns of inequality in society

Question 9

Studies of corporate crime find that

Accepted Answer

A)  those who engage in deviant behavior are aware of the consequences that their behavior has for others. 
B)  the deviant behavior is part of the routine activities of the corporation. 
C)  the costs to society are overstated in the 
D)  new employees are the most likely to be whistleblowers.

Question 10

Which of these is not one of the factors that the symbolic interactionist theory uses to explain deviant behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  The meanings people attribute to a situation 
B)  How people respond to the meaning of a situation 
C)  The interaction between different groups 
D)  The strength of people's attachment to social norms

Question 11

A weakness of the conflict theory of deviance is its failure to recognize

Accepted Answer

A)  the significance of power in group relationships. 
B)  how the injustices of society produce crime. 
C)  that laws protect most people, not just the affluent. 
D)  the origins of crime

Question 12

According to labeling theory, labels are easy to change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In their research on the American prison system, Bruce Western (2007) and Jeffrey Reiman (2007) note that the prison system is designed to

Accepted Answer

A)  train and socialize prisoners into a career of secondary deviance. 
B)  help prisoners repay their debt to society. 
C)  give prisoners marketable skills that will keep them from returning to prison. 
D)  make prisoners more respectable.

Question 14

A high school student acts bored in class and the teacher decides she is a bad student. This teacher discusses the student with other teachers who then treat that student as if she were a bad student. This describes the process of .

Accepted Answer

A)  differential association 
B)  cultural transmission 
C)  labeling 
D)  weakening social bonds

Question 15

Discuss the reasons sociologists give for the increase in women's participation in crime in recent years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the reasons sociologists give for the...

Question 16

Deviance is socially constructed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

W. I. Thomas explained deviance as

Accepted Answer

A)  a normal response to social conditions. 
B)  behavior one learns from others. 
C)  behavior frequently associated with crime. 
D)  varied behavior dependent on one's social bonds.

Question 18

The FBI identifies terrorism as a type of crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Labeling theorists mention that once a person is labeled deviant

Accepted Answer

A)  he or she will associate exclusively with others who are considered deviant. 
B)  he or she will no longer share an interest in socially desirable goals. 
C)  it will be difficult for him or her to reestablish a nondeviant identity. 
D)  he or she will turn to a life of crime.

Question 20

When a wealthy and powerful executive engages in deviance representing his or her organization it is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  corporate deviance 
B)  white-collar deviance 
C)  elite deviance 
D)  class deviance

Exam 7: Deviance and Crime

According to sociologists studying crime,

According to Durkheim, deviance is functional because it

Social control theory is based on the assumptions that

Functionalists suggest that deviance is functional because it creates social cohesion.

Sociologists theorize that rampage shootings are best understood as _.

A significant difference between the functionalist and conflict theories of deviance is that

Acquaintance rape (also called "date rape") , for example, was not considered social deviance until.

Psychological explanations of deviance emphasize as the underlying cause of deviant behavior, unlike sociological explanations.

Studies of corporate crime find that

Which of these is not one of the factors that the symbolic interactionist theory uses to explain deviant behavior?

A weakness of the conflict theory of deviance is its failure to recognize

According to labeling theory, labels are easy to change.

In their research on the American prison system, Bruce Western (2007) and Jeffrey Reiman (2007) note that the prison system is designed to

A high school student acts bored in class and the teacher decides she is a bad student. This teacher discusses the student with other teachers who then treat that student as if she were a bad student. This describes the process of .

Discuss the reasons sociologists give for the increase in women's participation in crime in recent years.

Deviance is socially constructed.

W. I. Thomas explained deviance as

The FBI identifies terrorism as a type of crime.

Labeling theorists mention that once a person is labeled deviant

When a wealthy and powerful executive engages in deviance representing his or her organization it is referred to as _____.