Question 1

Research from multiple psychological domains has demonstrated that first impressions are

Accepted Answer

A)  not at all accurate in judging personality. 
B)  accurate in judging most of the Big Five personality traits. 
C)  accurate in judging athleticism. 
D)  only accurate in judging how neurotic someone is.

Question 2

Match the most applicable stage of the Realistic Accuracy Model with each hypothetical successful or failed judgment.
-An attentive judge notices important patterns in a target's speech.

Accepted Answer

A) Availability 
B) Relevance 
C) Utilization 
D) Detection 
E) Judgment
F)Understanding

Question 3

The finding that more observable traits yield better interjudge agreement suggests that peer judgment is based more on ________ than on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  expectancies; the target's self-judgments 
B)  a manufactured reputation; direct behavioral observation 
C)  direct behavioral observation; a manufactured reputation 
D)  stereotypes; expectancies

Question 4

According to a recent study described in the textbook, which of the following is accurate about people who describe themselves as "a good judge of personality"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Such people are much better than others at judging personality. 
B)  Such people are no more accurate than others at judging personality. 
C)  Such people are quite high in narcissism. 
D)  Such people are quite high in self-esteem.

Question 5

Maria realizes that it is easy for her to talk to people at parties and that she is therefore high in extraversion. To what component of the Realistic Accuracy Model (RAM) does this realization speak?

Accepted Answer

A)  relevance 
B)  detection 
C)  utilization 
D)  observation

Question 6

According to the text, ________ describes a context where social norms tend to restrict what people do.

Accepted Answer

A)  a weak situation 
B)  an unstructured conversation 
C)  a strong situation 
D)  situationism

Question 7

In making an overall judgment of your personality, which person should be MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  a teacher 
B)  a lifelong best friend 
C)  a trained clinical psychologist 
D)  a classmate who has seen you most recently

Question 8

Based on recent research, what approach for job interviews might be the best?

Accepted Answer

A)  written responses to open-ended questions 
B)  telephone interviews 
C)  face-to-face interviews 
D)  computer-mediated interviews

Question 9

A salesperson has been married for 10 years, but her husband has never seen her do her job. According to the textbook, which of the following statements is true regarding the accurate prediction of her behavior during her work?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her customers will be about as accurate as her husband in predicting her behavior at work. 
B)  Her husband will be much more accurate than her customers in predicting her behavior at work. 
C)  Her customers will be much more accurate than her husband in predicting her behavior at work. 
D)  None of the answer options is true.

Question 10

The statement "There is no such thing as objective reality, only human ideas or perceptions of reality" would MOST likely be made by a(n) ________. The statement "The absence of perfect, infallible criteria for truth does not force us to conclude that all interpretations of reality are equally likely to be correct" would MOST likely be made by a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  constructivist; empiricist 
B)  constructivist; critical realist 
C)  critical realist; empiricist 
D)  empiricist; critical realist

Question 11

Consider the following scenario: A child cries for his father to take him to the park while they are at the library. Which of the following represents a likely reason that accurate judgment of the child's extraversion might fail?

Accepted Answer

A)  Important cues for extraversion are not displayed. 
B)  The situation doesn't allow for the display of extraversion. 
C)  A judge sees the tantrum and recognizes that the information isn't relevant. 
D)  A judge is highly intelligent and notices important cues.

Question 12

One difficulty that early researchers encountered in identifying the good judge of personality was that

Accepted Answer

A)  a good judge in one context was not always a good judge in other contexts. 
B)  clinical psychologists dismissed the findings, claiming that good judgment of others required extensive training. 
C)  no one could measure personality objectively in the first place. 
D)  researchers did not have the statistical tools to study accuracy.

Question 13

Match the most applicable stage of the Realistic Accuracy Model with each hypothetical successful or failed judgment.
-Jake makes a judgment of Marla's high conscientiousness based on her friendliness.

Accepted Answer

A) Availability 
B) Relevance 
C) Utilization 
D) Detection 
E) Judgment
F)Understanding

Question 14

When Andrew argues that some interpretations of reality are more correct than others, he is advocating the ________ philosophical position.

Accepted Answer

A)  realist 
B)  positivist 
C)  empiricist 
D)  constructivist

Question 15

Broadly speaking, improving the accuracy of personality judgments depends notably on how well everyone is able to

Accepted Answer

A)  be himself or herself. 
B)  talk to one another. 
C)  behave the same in the same situation. 
D)  be polite in social situations.

Question 16

Andersen (1984) found that the quality of information affected the accuracy of personality judgments. According to the results of this study, information obtained from which actions would MOST likely lead to a social impression that corresponds to the target's self-assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)  listening to the target describe his or her overt behaviors 
B)  observing the person's behaviors at work 
C)  watching a 5-minute videotaped interaction between the target and an opposite-sex stranger 
D)  listening to the target describe his or her thoughts and feelings

Question 17

Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the textbook as a potential moderator of accuracy?

Accepted Answer

A)  qualities of personality judges 
B)  qualities of the target of the judgment 
C)  the amount of information available to judges 
D)  the age of the target of the judgment

Question 18

A good judge of personality seems to be high in

Accepted Answer

A)  agency. 
B)  self-monitoring. 
C)  communion. 
D)  absorption.

Question 19

Match the most applicable stage of the Realistic Accuracy Model with each hypothetical successful or failed judgment.
-A judge accurately identifies another person's trait.

Accepted Answer

A) Availability 
B) Relevance 
C) Utilization 
D) Detection 
E) Judgment
F)Understanding

Question 20

Doug has known Manesh for more than 20 years. Jim has only known Manesh since he joined Jim's department at Acme Advertising Agency two months ago. According to Colvin and Funder's (1991) study of the boundaries on the acquaintanceship effect, if both Doug and Jim are asked to predict how Manesh will behave during a presentation at work next week, whose predictions will be more accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Doug's 
B)  Jim's 
C)  The two predictions will be about equally accurate. 
D)  Neither Doug's nor Jim's; such behavior is not predictable.

Exam 5: Personality Judgment

Research from multiple psychological domains has demonstrated that first impressions are

Match the most applicable stage of the Realistic Accuracy Model with each hypothetical successful or failed judgment. -An attentive judge notices important patterns in a target's speech.

The finding that more observable traits yield better interjudge agreement suggests that peer judgment is based more on than on .

According to a recent study described in the textbook, which of the following is accurate about people who describe themselves as "a good judge of personality"?

Maria realizes that it is easy for her to talk to people at parties and that she is therefore high in extraversion. To what component of the Realistic Accuracy Model (RAM) does this realization speak?

According to the text, ________ describes a context where social norms tend to restrict what people do.

In making an overall judgment of your personality, which person should be MOST accurate?

Based on recent research, what approach for job interviews might be the best?

A salesperson has been married for 10 years, but her husband has never seen her do her job. According to the textbook, which of the following statements is true regarding the accurate prediction of her behavior during her work?

Consider the following scenario: A child cries for his father to take him to the park while they are at the library. Which of the following represents a likely reason that accurate judgment of the child's extraversion might fail?

One difficulty that early researchers encountered in identifying the good judge of personality was that

Match the most applicable stage of the Realistic Accuracy Model with each hypothetical successful or failed judgment. -Jake makes a judgment of Marla's high conscientiousness based on her friendliness.

When Andrew argues that some interpretations of reality are more correct than others, he is advocating the ________ philosophical position.

Broadly speaking, improving the accuracy of personality judgments depends notably on how well everyone is able to

Andersen (1984) found that the quality of information affected the accuracy of personality judgments. According to the results of this study, information obtained from which actions would MOST likely lead to a social impression that corresponds to the target's self-assessment?

Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the textbook as a potential moderator of accuracy?

A good judge of personality seems to be high in

Match the most applicable stage of the Realistic Accuracy Model with each hypothetical successful or failed judgment. -A judge accurately identifies another person's trait.