Question 1

One of the two aspects of the measure of bicultural identity integration (BII) is the degree to which bicultural individuals

Accepted Answer

A)  see their two cultures as distant from each other. 
B)  enjoy their two cultures. 
C)  respect their two cultures. 
D)  understand their two cultures.

Question 2

David McClelland would argue that a culture that tells stories emphasizing community and social bonds would have a high need for

Accepted Answer

A)  community. 
B)  achievement. 
C)  affiliation. 
D)  agreeableness.

Question 3

According to the text, cultures of face emerge in societies that

Accepted Answer

A)  have higher rates of suicide. 
B)  have societies with weak forces of civilization. 
C)  are highly sensitive to threats of prestige or distinction. 
D)  are stable hierarchies based on cooperation.

Question 4

Studies of endogenous personality descriptors in China and Spain seem to suggest that there are ________ factors in each lexicon.

Accepted Answer

A)  three 
B)  five 
C)  six 
D)  seven

Question 5

Members from which country would be MOST likely to self-enhance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spain 
B)  China 
C)  Germany 
D)  India

Question 6

Nima moved to the United States when she was 5 years old, and she gradually adopted the language, attitudes, and styles of American culture. The process through which Nima became Americanized is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  enculturation. 
B)  acculturation. 
C)  accommodation. 
D)  assimilation.

Question 7

Which of the following is a negative outcome of relying on the individualism/collectivism dichotomy, particularly in regard to Japan and the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  The dichotomy is too similar to other cultural constructs, such as tightness/looseness or horizontal/vertical societies. 
B)  There is a limited amount of information that can be used to compare groups. 
C)  There is the potential for dehumanizing outgroup members. 
D)  Individualism and collectivism are not yet well-defined constructs.

Question 8

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic.
-Toughness

Accepted Answer

A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Limited availability of goals and the ways to achieve them
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure

Question 9

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic.
-Tightness

Accepted Answer

A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Limited availability of goals and the ways to achieve them
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure

Question 10

Members of different kinds of cultures may experience emotions differently. People in ________ countries report more self-focused emotions, whereas people in ________ countries are more likely to report other-focused emotions.

Accepted Answer

A)  emic; etic 
B)  complex; simple 
C)  tight; loose 
D)  individualistic; collectivist

Question 11

Given that around half of the world's population is bilingual, half of the world's population is also likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  be left-handed. 
B)  have a high level of bicultural identity formation. 
C)  be bicultural. 
D)  be ethnocentric.

Question 12

What is the MOST dominant criticism for the collectivistic/individualistic dichotomy in the comparison between Japan and the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  The United States and Japan score relatively similarly on individualism measures. 
B)  There is typically a great difference between the sample sizes in the United States and Japan. 
C)  There are more females in the United States, and so the results are biased and uninterpretable. 
D)  Individualism and collectivism are not yet well-defined constructs.

Question 13

Describe the ecological approach for explaining the origins of cross-cultural differences in behavior. How does this perspective differ from a deconstructionist perspective on this issue?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the ecological approach for explaining the...

Question 14

Cultural complexity is much like the individual personality trait of

Accepted Answer

A)  the need for cognition. 
B)  emotional intelligence. 
C)  cognitive complexity. 
D)  allocentrism.

Question 15

According to the textbook, what behavior led to a Danish mother's arrest in New York?

Accepted Answer

A)  breastfeeding in public 
B)  spanking her child in public 
C)  leaving her 14-month-old daughter asleep in a stroller 
D)  giving marijuana to her 16-year-old son

Question 16

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic.
-Self-regard

Accepted Answer

A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Limited availability of goals and the ways to achieve them
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure

Question 17

According to the text, what term describes cultures that have only a few socially sanctioned goals and only a few ways to achieve these goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  authoritarian 
B)  vertical 
C)  tough 
D)  stressful

Question 18

According to Triandis, ________ societies assume that individuals are importantly different from each other.

Accepted Answer

A)  vertical 
B)  authoritarian 
C)  horizontal 
D)  idiographic

Question 19

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic.
-Head

Accepted Answer

A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Limited availability of goals and the ways to achieve them
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure

Question 20

Components of ideas that are particular to a specific culture are called ________, and components that are universal across cultures are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  individualisms; collectivisms 
B)  emics; etics 
C)  cultures; values 
D)  etics; emics

Exam 13: Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality