Question 1

Explain what the word-length effect demonstrates regarding rehearsal in the phonological loop.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain what the word-length effect demonstrates regarding...

Question 2

All of the functions of the central executive involve:

Accepted Answer

A)  maintaining verbal information. 
B)  maintaining visuospatial information. 
C)  manipulation of information in sensory memory. 
D)  manipulation of information in short-term memory.

Question 3

In Brooks's task involving visualizing a block letter F, it was reasoned that:

Accepted Answer

A)  remembering the F used the visuospatial sketchpad, while making the response used the phonological loop. 
B)  remembering the F used the phonological loop, while making the response used the visuospatial sketchpad. 
C)  remembering the F and making the response both used the phonological loop. 
D)  remembering the F and making the response both used the visuospatial sketchpad.

Question 4

Compared with long-term memory, short-term memory is:

Accepted Answer

A)  slower to access. 
B)  forgotten more quickly. 
C)  larger in capacity. 
D)  outside of conscious awareness.

Question 5

If one is driving to a friend's house, one's specific goal of turning the steering wheel at a given moment is mainly relying on the _____ areas of the frontal lobes.

Accepted Answer

A)  medial 
B)  anterior 
C)  lateral 
D)  posterior

Question 6

A neuromodulator that alters neuron-to-neuron communication is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin. 
B)  dopamine. 
C)  epinephrine. 
D)  glutamic acid.

Question 7

In Baddeley's working memory model which system holds visual and spatial images for manipulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  the visuospatial sketchpad 
B)  the phonological loop 
C)  the central executive 
D)  the iconic memory

Question 8

Tina needs to stop at the store on her way to work one day. To go to the store, she has to remember to turn right out of her driveway instead of turning left like she normally would when she goes straight to work. The task her central executive is MOST concerned with in this example is:

Accepted Answer

A)  controlled updating of short-term memory buffers. 
B)  setting goals. 
C)  task switching. 
D)  supervisory attentional system.

Question 9

The Tower of Hanoi puzzle is often used to examine the:

Accepted Answer

A)  controlled updating of the memory buffers. 
B)  ability to plan and set goals. 
C)  ability to switch tasks. 
D)  ability to select stimuli and inhibit responses.

Question 10

When George Sperling (1960) used the partial report procedure, he found that participants could report _____ of the letters in the array.

Accepted Answer

A)  all 
B)  none 
C)  about 30 percent 
D)  about 75 percent

Question 11

Which task is used to study task shifting in working memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  an N-back task 
B)  the Tower of Hanoi 
C)  the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test 
D)  the Stroop task

Question 12

Wilder Penfield described the changes in his sister after she had a brain tumor removed. She went from being an accomplished cook to losing all ability to organize her cooking, moving from one dish to another leaving some uncooked. The removal of the tumor caused damage to what area of her brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  the cerebellum 
B)  the frontal lobe 
C)  the occipital lobe 
D)  the parietal lobe

Question 13

Describe the working-memory impairments experienced by a person with schizophrenia. Which brain areas appear to be involved?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the working-memory impairments experienced by a...

Question 14

The area of the brain that is active during rehearsal is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  posterior parietal region. 
B)  occipital area. 
C)  ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. 
D)  dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

Question 15

Which area of the brain seems to play an especially important role in working memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  the prefrontal cortex 
B)  the cerebellum 
C)  the sensory cortices 
D)  the basal ganglia

Question 16

How many independent short-term memory buffers are included in Baddeley's working-memory model?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  5 
D)  10

Question 17

In Brooks's task involving visualizing a block letter F, the participants who performed the worst were those who responded by:

Accepted Answer

A)  saying "yes" or "no" out loud. 
B)  saying "yes" or "no" silently to themselves. 
C)  tapping their "yes" or "no" response with their fingers. 
D)  pointing to "yes" or "no" on a screen.

Question 18

It is often easier to remember words if one can also picture them in their minds. This is because one is using one's:

Accepted Answer

A)  verbal memory store. 
B)  visuospatial memory store. 
C)  central executive. 
D)  verbal and visuospatial memory stores.

Question 19

Which task is used to study the controlled updating of working memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  an N-back task 
B)  the Tower of Hanoi 
C)  the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test 
D)  the Stroop task

Question 20

In what way does the involvement of the prefrontal cortex during delays differ from the involvement of sensory and motor cortices?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only neurons in the prefrontal cortex show sustained activity during delay periods. 
B)  Only neurons in the sensory and motor cortexes show sustained activity during delay periods. 
C)  Only neurons in the prefrontal cortex maintain their activity despite distractions. 
D)  Only neurons in the sensory and motor cortexes maintain their activity despite distractions.

Exam 9: Working Memory and Cognitive Control Integrative Topics Module

Explain what the word-length effect demonstrates regarding rehearsal in the phonological loop.

All of the functions of the central executive involve:

In Brooks's task involving visualizing a block letter F, it was reasoned that:

Compared with long-term memory, short-term memory is:

If one is driving to a friend's house, one's specific goal of turning the steering wheel at a given moment is mainly relying on the _____ areas of the frontal lobes.

A neuromodulator that alters neuron-to-neuron communication is known as:

In Baddeley's working memory model which system holds visual and spatial images for manipulation?

Tina needs to stop at the store on her way to work one day. To go to the store, she has to remember to turn right out of her driveway instead of turning left like she normally would when she goes straight to work. The task her central executive is MOST concerned with in this example is:

The Tower of Hanoi puzzle is often used to examine the:

When George Sperling (1960) used the partial report procedure, he found that participants could report _____ of the letters in the array.

Which task is used to study task shifting in working memory?

Wilder Penfield described the changes in his sister after she had a brain tumor removed. She went from being an accomplished cook to losing all ability to organize her cooking, moving from one dish to another leaving some uncooked. The removal of the tumor caused damage to what area of her brain?

Describe the working-memory impairments experienced by a person with schizophrenia. Which brain areas appear to be involved?

The area of the brain that is active during rehearsal is the:

Which area of the brain seems to play an especially important role in working memory?

How many independent short-term memory buffers are included in Baddeley's working-memory model?

In Brooks's task involving visualizing a block letter F, the participants who performed the worst were those who responded by:

It is often easier to remember words if one can also picture them in their minds. This is because one is using one's:

Which task is used to study the controlled updating of working memory?

In what way does the involvement of the prefrontal cortex during delays differ from the involvement of sensory and motor cortices?