Question 1

Which molecule catalyzes the synthesis of a new mRNA molecule from the DNA template strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomal RNA (rRN
A)  
B)  RNA polymerase 
C)  messenger RNA (mRN
A)  
D)  transfer RNA (tRN
A)  
E)  All of these catalyze the synthesis of a new mRNA.

Question 2

How do mRNA and tRNA interact during the protein assembly process?

Accepted Answer

A)  through hydrogen bonds between the codon and anticodon 
B)  through covalent bonds between the codon and anticodon 
C)  through ionic interactions between the codon and anticodon 
D)  through nonpolar interactions between the codon and anticodon 
E)  mRNA and tRNA do not interact during the protein assembly process.

Question 3

Refer to the genetic code to determine which of the following mRNAs could code for a protein containing the amino acid sequence Phe-Arg-Ala. I.5′-UUU CGU GCU-3′
II)5′-UUC CGG GCG-3′
III)5′-UUU AGA GCC-3′

Accepted Answer

A)  All of these code for the given sequence. 
B)  I and II 
C)  I only 
D)  II only 
E)  II and III

Question 4

What sort of nucleic acid does the HIV virus contain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses do not have nucleic acids. 
B)  double-stranded DNA 
C)  single-stranded DNA 
D)  single-stranded RNA 
E)  two single-stranded RNA

Question 5

Why does the HIV virus need a host cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The virus needs to feed off of the host cell. 
B)  The virus needs to live in the host cell. 
C)  The virus needs the host cell's mitochondrial DNA. 
D)  The virus needs the host cell's enzymes to reproduce and synthesize proteins. 
E)  All of the above are reasons why the HIV virus needs a host cell.

Question 6

What is the definition of a genetic mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is any damage to any DNA. 
B)  It is any damage to a gene. 
C)  It is a chemical change to a gene that affects the primary structure of a protein. 
D)  It is any chemical change or physical change to DNA. 
E)  It is a break in a DNA strand.

Question 7

A gene is a section of DNA that contains the instructions for making

Accepted Answer

A)  more DNA. 
B)  carbohydrates. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  lipids. 
E)  All of the above are correct.

Question 8

Which of the following monosaccharides is found in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)

Question 9

Why is HIV called a retrovirus?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is very old. 
B)  It makes DNA from proteins. 
C)  It transcribes DNA into RNA. 
D)  It transcribes RNA into DNA. 
E)  It translates proteins into RNA.

Exam 17: Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids