Question 1

According to ______, people make decisions about health behavior, such as adhering to a more healthy diet after bypass surgery, based on the perceived benefits and barriers (a cost/benefits analysis).

Accepted Answer

A) the transtheoretical model 
B) the behavioral model 
C) the health belief model 
D) self-efficacy theory

Question 2

What a participant thinks other people think about a health behavior is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) contemplation 
B) motivation to comply 
C) social cognition 
D) normative beliefs

Question 3

______ has/have been shown to be the most powerful component of the health belief model across studies.

Accepted Answer

A) Perceived barriers 
B) Self-efficacy 
C) Perceived norms 
D) An internal locus of control

Question 4

After setting a goal with his doctor, Kyle is working on maintaining a healthy weight of 155 lb by exercising at least three times a week and watching what he eats.Kyle is in the preparation stage of the Transtheoretical Model.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The biggest benefit to using a theory to base an intervention on is that ______.

Accepted Answer

A) it will ensure that ethical standards are employed 
B) it will be easier to identify what worked if it succeeds 
C) people will pay more attention to it and will be more eager to participate in the intervention 
D) results will be more likely to generalize across people of different cultural backgrounds

Question 6

Regarding culture and the Health Belief Model, what are some specific beliefs held by cultural groups that can be seen as barriers in receiving health care?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Regarding culture and the Health Belief Model,...

Question 7

The main components/ideas for Precaution Adoption Process Model are ______.

Accepted Answer

A) person moves from being unaware of an issue to unengaged by the issue, to deciding not to act, to planning to act but not yet acting, to acting, to maintenance 
B) intention to change; attitudes toward action; subjective norms regarding action; self-efficacy 
C) precontemplation, intention to act, maintenance, and monitoring 
D) self-efficacy and reciprocal determinism

Question 8

The definition of motivation to comply is the amount of perceived control that you have over your health outcome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Personality factors in childhood influence later health behaviors. 
B) Longitudinal studies examining the impact of childhood personality factors on later health have not been conducted. 
C) Childhood neuroticism is the only personality trait that has been linked with later adult health. 
D) Extroversion, a highly valued trait in individualistic cultures, correlates with positive health behaviors rather than negative health behaviors.

Question 10

In the 1950s, the most common advertisements to change behavior tried to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) encourage people to join support groups 
B) scare the viewer to change 
C) encourage people to learn more about healthy behavior 
D) encourage people to go to their physician to learn how to change

Question 11

The neurotransmitter ______ is associated with food addictions and addiction to gambling.

Accepted Answer

A) dopamine 
B) serotonin 
C) glutamate 
D) substance P

Question 12

Melia believes that she can successfully execute her exercise regimen because a new gym just opened near her apartment and her new roommate is a vegan who loves to cook healthy meals.Melia is now confident that she can lose weight and, therefore, demonstrates ______.

Accepted Answer

A) maintenance 
B) intention 
C) self-efficacy 
D) effectiveness

Question 13

Vernice's doctor has informed her that she is severely overweight, and that she should change her eating habits.Vernice fully intends to comply, and intends to start changing behaviors in the next month or so.According to the Transtheoretical Model, Vernice is in the ______.

Accepted Answer

A) precontemplation stage 
B) preparation stage 
C) contemplation stage 
D) action stage

Question 14

Which of the following is a criticism of the three most widely cited models of behavior change?

Accepted Answer

A) Research using these models has not included individuals from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. 
B) These models are more applicable to males than females. 
C) Research applying these models has been conducted in only two areas: adherence to medical regimens and smoking. 
D) These models do not address changes in mindsets over time or how beliefs and intentions translate into action.

Question 15

Planning for Healthy People ______ is currently under way.

Accepted Answer

A) 2021 
B) 2025 
C) 2030 
D) 2050

Question 16

Research evidence shows that personality factors in childhood are linked to health behaviors in adulthood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Social Cognitive Theory suggests that the most central determinant of health behavior change is self-efficacy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Fisher et al.(2007) reviewed culturally sensitive interventions aimed at narrowing racial disparities in health care.The conclusion of this research team is that ______.

Accepted Answer

A) interventions that explicitly use culturally sensitive interventions show tremendous promise in reducing health disparities 
B) culturally sensitive interventions actually increase racial disparities 
C) modifying health behaviors of ethnic minority patients was effective, but there was no way to modify the health-care system 
D) cultural specific interventions work for Latinos and African Americans, but not for other ethnic groups

Question 19

When a health psychologist designs an intervention, she should keep in mind that ______.

Accepted Answer

A) a theoretically driven intervention has little or no attrition 
B) unhealthy behaviors can return once the intervention/treatment has stopped 
C) if a subset of participants does not attend all of the interventions, it will not hinder the assessment of the intervention 
D) attrition is unlikely in intervention research because most people who are working on changing health behaviors are more motivated than those in other studies

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a major component of the Health Belief Model? Belief in ______.

Accepted Answer

A) susceptibility 
B) effectiveness 
C) consequences 
D) social norms

Exam 7: Why Dont We Do What We Need to Models of Behavior Change

According to ______, people make decisions about health behavior, such as adhering to a more healthy diet after bypass surgery, based on the perceived benefits and barriers (a cost/benefits analysis) .

What a participant thinks other people think about a health behavior is called ______.

______ has/have been shown to be the most powerful component of the health belief model across studies.

After setting a goal with his doctor, Kyle is working on maintaining a healthy weight of 155 lb by exercising at least three times a week and watching what he eats.Kyle is in the preparation stage of the Transtheoretical Model.

The biggest benefit to using a theory to base an intervention on is that ______.

Regarding culture and the Health Belief Model, what are some specific beliefs held by cultural groups that can be seen as barriers in receiving health care?

The main components/ideas for Precaution Adoption Process Model are ______.

The definition of motivation to comply is the amount of perceived control that you have over your health outcome.

Which of the following is TRUE?

In the 1950s, the most common advertisements to change behavior tried to ______.

The neurotransmitter ______ is associated with food addictions and addiction to gambling.

Melia believes that she can successfully execute her exercise regimen because a new gym just opened near her apartment and her new roommate is a vegan who loves to cook healthy meals.Melia is now confident that she can lose weight and, therefore, demonstrates ______.

Vernice's doctor has informed her that she is severely overweight, and that she should change her eating habits.Vernice fully intends to comply, and intends to start changing behaviors in the next month or so.According to the Transtheoretical Model, Vernice is in the ______.

Which of the following is a criticism of the three most widely cited models of behavior change?

Planning for Healthy People ______ is currently under way.

Research evidence shows that personality factors in childhood are linked to health behaviors in adulthood.

Social Cognitive Theory suggests that the most central determinant of health behavior change is self-efficacy.

Fisher et al.(2007) reviewed culturally sensitive interventions aimed at narrowing racial disparities in health care.The conclusion of this research team is that ______.

When a health psychologist designs an intervention, she should keep in mind that ______.

Which of the following is NOT a major component of the Health Belief Model? Belief in ______.