Question 1

Which of the following was largely unaffected after the memory patient H. M.'s surgery?

Accepted Answer

A) implicit memory 
B) verbal memory 
C) explicit memory 
D) visuospatial memory

Question 2

Korsakoff syndrome results from a deficiency of:

Accepted Answer

A) neuritic plaques. 
B) cholinergic cells. 
C) thiamine. 
D) glia cells.

Question 3

Does the adult brain form new neurons? If so, where are they added?

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

Patient Boswell's amnesia, unlike H. M.'s, also affected:

Accepted Answer

A) implicit memory. 
B) explicit memory. 
C) autobiographical memory. 
D) memory for previously learned information.

Question 5

In monkeys, cells in the prefrontal cortex will fire during a:

Accepted Answer

A) delayed-alternation task. 
B) delayed matching-to-sample task. 
C) delayed-response task. 
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

In your textbook, the patient K. C. is described as someone who sustained serious traumatic brain injury in a motorcycle accident. Among his deficits was the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A) he could not play chess. 
B) his short-term memory was impaired. 
C) he could no longer remember his birthday. 
D) he could not recall any personally experienced events.

Question 7

Eyeblink conditioning involves neural circuits in the:

Accepted Answer

A) cerebellum. 
B) amygdala. 
C) orbital frontal cortex. 
D) occipital lobe.

Question 8

How does an enriched environment alter the brain?

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

Amphetamine _____ spine density in the dorsolateral region and _____ spine density in the orbital region.

Accepted Answer

A) decreases; decreases 
B) decreases; increases 
C) increases; increases 
D) increases; decreases

Question 10

What are place, head direction, and grid cells? How do these cells work to construct a spatial map of our environment?

Accepted Answer

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Question 11

What are neurotrophic factors? What role do they play in recovery from brain injury?

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

The temporal lobes are critical for _____ memory, and the frontal lobes are important for _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) short-term; long-term 
B) verbal; visual 
C) long-term; short-term 
D) implicit; explicit

Question 13

The _____ is the final stop in a major pathway leading from the cortex to the hippocampus.

Accepted Answer

A) perirhinal cortex 
B) parahippocampal cortex 
C) entorhinal cortex 
D) orbitofrontal cortex

Question 14

Research in individuals with highly superior autobiographical memory (HSAM) has revealed that they are _____ to false memories.

Accepted Answer

A) relatively unsusceptible 
B) relatively susceptible 
C) as susceptible as most people 
D) immune

Question 15

What role do NMDA and AMPA receptors play in long-term potentiation (LTP)?

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

A neurologist has reported changes in an individual's dendritic morphology. You can infer that these changes:

Accepted Answer

A) occurred spontaneously over days or weeks. 
B) indirectly represent new connections between widely separated brain regions. 
C) imply the addition or subtraction of synapses. 
D) imply new circuitry.

Question 17

What happens to a motor map after the amputation of a limb?

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

One day Melissa was trapped alone in an elevator for almost 3 hours when the power went out. Now, whenever she gets near an elevator, she freezes up and starts gasping for air as if she cannot breathe. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning. 
B) operant conditioning. 
C) fear conditioning. 
D) respondent conditioning.

Question 19

How do an individual's fluctuating estrogen levels affect cognition?

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

List and describe five of the guiding principles of brain plasticity mentioned in the textbook.

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Exam 14: How Do We Learn and Remember