Question 1

Cases like the Wild Boy of Aveyron cause us to wonder whether language is

Accepted Answer

A) infinitely generative or not. 
B) due more to heredity or environment. 
C) based on abstract or concrete symbols. 
D) more a question of phonology or syntax.

Question 2

Two-year-old Mason hands a ball to his mother and says,"Ball." His mother says,"Yes.We can play ball." This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) labeling. 
B) expanding. 
C) recasting. 
D) child-directed speech.

Question 3

When a child struggles with speech and language development,the professional who provides therapeutic intervention is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) pediatrician. 
B) elocutionist. 
C) speech therapist. 
D) English tutor.

Question 4

According to Berninger,children who enter elementary school with a small vocabulary are at risk for developing

Accepted Answer

A) behavior problems. 
B) speech problems. 
C) reading problems. 
D) writing problems.

Question 5

Which area of the brain's left hemisphere is involved in language comprehension?

Accepted Answer

A) LAD 
B) Broca's 
C) aphasic 
D) Wernicke's

Question 6

According to Kuhl's research,at birth,infants are "citizens of the world," able to recognize sounds regardless of the syllables' language.At what age do infants get better at perceiving the changes in sounds in their own language?

Accepted Answer

A) 3-6 months 
B) 6-9 months 
C) 6-12 months 
D) 12-18 months

Question 7

Which of the following would be the most positive influence on a child's language development?

Accepted Answer

A) drill and practice 
B) paying attention to what children are trying to say and expand their utterances 
C) giving the child more information than she needs 
D) emphasizing imitation and reinforcement

Question 8

Aman's son is looking at pictures in a book.Aman asks his son to name the objects he sees.Aman is teaching language by practicing

Accepted Answer

A) labeling. 
B) expanding. 
C) recasting. 
D) child-directed speech.

Question 9

The fact that letters represent sounds in language refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the whole-language approach. 
B) the alphabetic principle. 
C) fast mapping. 
D) overextension.

Question 10

Increased sophistication in word use (metaphors,satire,dialect,etc.)is characteristic of language development during

Accepted Answer

A) middle childhood. 
B) late childhood. 
C) adolescence. 
D) adulthood.

Question 11

You see your friend and say "Sup dude?" this is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) metaphor. 
B) caricature. 
C) satire. 
D) dialect.

Question 12

In English,we say "white house" (adjective precedes noun),but in Spanish one would say "casa blanca" (noun precedes adjective).This example illustrates different rules of

Accepted Answer

A) semantics. 
B) syntax. 
C) phonology. 
D) pragmatics.

Question 13

All of the following are among the six key principles in young children's vocabulary development (as detailed by Harris,Golinkoff,& Hirsh-Pasek)EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) that children learn words for things and events that interest them. 
B) that children best learn the words they hear most often. 
C) that children learn words best in contexts that are meaningful. 
D) that children learn words best when grammar is not practiced along with vocabulary.

Question 14

In social situations,4- to 5-year-olds will typically

Accepted Answer

A) speak the same to peers as they would to a 2-year-old. 
B) speak the same to adults as they would to a peer. 
C) avoid speaking to adults. 
D) use shorter sentences when speaking to a 2-year-old.

Question 15

When does the "tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon" become readily apparent?

Accepted Answer

A) adolescence 
B) early adulthood 
C) middle adulthood 
D) late adulthood

Question 16

Preschool children learn and apply syntax rules.The grammatical error we observe in the question "When we are going outside?" is an example of difficulty with mastering

Accepted Answer

A) placement of a wh- word at the beginning of a sentence. 
B) auxiliary-inversion rule. 
C) overgeneralization. 
D) fast mapping.

Question 17

When is the easiest time to learn a second language?

Accepted Answer

A) early childhood 
B) late childhood 
C) adolescence 
D) variable across different language systems

Question 18

Twelve-year-old Cade is able to produce all of the sounds of speech and construct complete,accurate,meaningful sentences but struggles with taking turns in a discussion,recognizing humor and figurative language.He is having communication difficulty in the area of

Accepted Answer

A) phonology. 
B) semantics. 
C) morphology. 
D) pragmatics.

Question 19

Jenny is at the zoo with her family.She points to each animal and says "doggie." This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) a vocabulary spurt. 
B) telegraphic speech. 
C) overextension. 
D) underextension.

Question 20

Cecilia begins teaching children to read by having them learn to make sounds that go with each letter of the alphabet.Which language approach is Cecilia taking?

Accepted Answer

A) whole-language 
B) phonics 
C) information-processing 
D) underextension

Exam 9: Language Development