Question 1

Lexi calls every animal she sees a cat.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) disequilibrium. 
B) assimilation. 
C) accommodation. 
D) equilibration.

Question 2

A kindergarten teacher instructs parent volunteers to take a Piagetian approach when interacting with his students during learning center time.He recommends the volunteers

Accepted Answer

A) ask children to imitate what they do until perfection. 
B) provide a setting where children can explore and learn by doing things themselves. 
C) always reward the correct answers from children and ignore children's mistakes. 
D) use flash cards repeatedly until children learn the target concepts.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an element of postformal thought?

Accepted Answer

A) Solving a problem requires considering many different aspects. 
B) Correct answers to a problem require reflective thinking that may vary from one situation to another. 
C) Problem-solving requires firm commitment to an absolute truth. 
D) The search for truth is a never-ending process.

Question 4

Following the homecoming game,a group of senior high school students drank a lot of alcohol.After that,they still insisted that they could drive home themselves without any problem.This behavior is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) psychological invulnerability. 
B) danger invulnerability. 
C) an imaginary audience. 
D) hypothetical-deductive reasoning.

Question 5

Which of the following is a criticism of Piaget's cognitive development theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Some cognitive abilities emerge earlier and some later than Piaget thought. 
B) Adult cognition is far more advanced than Piaget theorized. 
C) An enriched environment and training have less developmental impact than Piaget thought. 
D) Social interaction is less vital to learning than Piaget believed.

Question 6

Brent talks himself through his math calculation homework,particularly when he does hard questions.This can be an example of

Accepted Answer

A) private speech. 
B) egocentrism. 
C) scaffolding. 
D) the zone of proximal development.

Question 7

Which of the following BEST characterizes cognitive development according to Jean Piaget?

Accepted Answer

A) Genetics plays an important role in cognitive development. 
B) Children learn best when they are active and seek solutions by themselves. 
C) Children primarily learn about the world from watching others' actions and consequences. 
D) Children can store an infinite amount of information in their long-term memories.

Question 8

According to Schaie (1977,2016),as young adults begin working,cognitive development switches from

Accepted Answer

A) applying to acquiring knowledge. 
B) acquiring to applying knowledge. 
C) realistic to idealistic thinking. 
D) intuitive to logical thought.

Question 9

The concrete operational stage lasts approximately from ages

Accepted Answer

A) 9 through 16. 
B) 5 through
11) 
C) 8 through 14. 
D) 7 through
11)

Question 10

3-month-old Ali is playing with a small stuffed animal.Ali's mother takes the stuffed animal away and hides it.Piaget would argue that Ali would not notice the absence of the stuffed animal because he has not developed

Accepted Answer

A) attachment. 
B) object permanence. 
C) disequilibrium. 
D) equilibrium.

Question 11

Piaget labeled his second stage preoperational,because children at this stage

Accepted Answer

A) cannot yet perform operations-reversible mental actions-that they are able to do physically. 
B) do not have symbolic thought,and can only deal with sensory information and physical action. 
C) cannot perform physical operations. 
D) do not have stable concepts and cannot reason.

Question 12

When working with young children,adults often provide assistance,instruction,and other support.As children demonstrate they can do more for themselves,Vygotsky recommends that adults begin to withdraw these supports.This demonstrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

A) the zone of proximal development. 
B) scaffolding. 
C) dialogue. 
D) inner speech.

Question 13

Baby Dennis sees a ball on the floor.He picks it up,looks at it carefully,and then bangs it on the ground.He picks it up again,holds it over his head,and drops it.Then,he picks it up and throws it.Dennis continues playing for several minutes.Dennis is in which of Piaget's sensorimotor substages?

Accepted Answer

A) primary circular reactions 
B) secondary circular reactions 
C) coordination of secondary circular reactions 
D) tertiary circular reactions

Question 14

Neither Vygotsky's nor Piaget's theory had much to say about

Accepted Answer

A) the role of nurture in development. 
B) the role of more mature mentors in development. 
C) language and thought in development. 
D) adult cognitive development.

Exam 6: Cognitive Developmental Approaches