Question 1

Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record: PMHx: Hypercholesterolemia-currently controlled with diet. Positive history of gonococcal urethritis 3 years previously. No history of urolithiasis.
Which of the following definitions is part of the patient's past medical history?

Accepted Answer

A)  An infection of the urethra causing inflammation by a gonococcal organism and urinary stones in his urinary system 
B)  Excessive cholesterol in the blood and an infection of the urethra causing inflammation by a gonococcal organism 
C)  Low blood cholesterol and discharge from the gonads 
D)  Urinary stones in his urinary system as well as excessive cholesterol in the urine

Question 2

Identify and define the root in the medical term heminephrectomy.

Accepted Answer

A)  hemi - half 
B)  nephr- kidney 
C)  nephr- bladder 
D)  ectomy- surgical removal 
E)  ectomy- surgical reconstruction

Question 3

Translate the medical term nephrohypertrophy as literally as possible.

Accepted Answer

A)  "Bladder over nourishment condition" overdevelopment of the bladder 
B)  "Bladder under strength condition" weak bladder 
C)  "Kidney over nourishment condition" overdevelopment of the kidney 
D)  "Kidney under nourishment condition" underdevelopment of the kidney 
E)  "Kidney under strength condition" weak kidney

Question 4

Translate the medical term aspermia as literally as possible.

Accepted Answer

A)  No sperm condition 
B)  No testicle condition 
C)  One sperm condition 
D)  One testicle condition

Question 5

Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record: Plan:
We will be starting initial treatment: fluid intake restriction and medicine. I explained to Mr. Johnson that if he fails this therapy, the next step would be surgical. There are several options available. I discussed these options, including TURP versus open prostatectomy versus transurethral incision of prostate (TUIP). Mr. Johnson will return to my clinic for follow-up in 6 weeks.
Which of the following is NOT a surgical option presented to the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Procedure creating incisions in the prostate using an instrument inserted in the urethra that generates electric current or a laser beam 
B)  Procedure removing all or part of the prostate by the insertion of a resectoscope into the urethra 
C)  Surgical removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles 
D)  Surgical removal of the prostate 
E)  Transurethral resection of the prostate

Question 6

Translate the root vesic/o.

Accepted Answer

A)  Bladder 
B)  Kidney 
C)  Gallbladder 
D)  Renal pelvis 
E)  Ureter

Question 7

Build a medical term that means "kidney specialist."

Accepted Answer

A)  Nephrologist 
B)  Nephrology 
C)  Proctologist 
D)  Urologist 
E)  Urology

Question 8

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the medical term kidney dialysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It breaks into kidney dia (through) + lysis (loosen, break down). 
B)  It is also known as hemodialysis. 
C)  It refers to the procedure for removing wastes from the blood. 
D)  The name comes from the fact that the procedure separates or "loosens" blood from waste by passing it through an external filter. 
E)  All of these are true.

Question 9

Build a medical term that means "painful urination."

Accepted Answer

A)  Anuria 
B)  Enuresis 
C)  Hematuria 
D)  Oliguria 
E)  Urodynia

Question 10

Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record: Assessment:
This is a 24-year-old male with a right-sided testicular mass. Given the u/s results, this is most likely testicular carcinoma. The differential diagnosis also includes epididymitis, testicular torsion, hydrocele, spermatocele, and varicocele.
Which of the following statements is NOT part of this patient's differential diagnosis, given this information?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fluid-filled mass in the testicle 
B)  Hernia or distention of the epididymis caused by sperm cells 
C)  Inflammation of the organ that sits on top of each testicle and stores sperm 
D)  Overexpansion of the blood vessels of the testicles, leading to a soft tumor 
E)  Tumor in the organ that stores sperm

Question 11

What is the medical term used to describe the deficiency of blood in a kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nephrolithiasis 
B)  Nephrosclerosis 
C)  Renal cell carcinoma 
D)  Renal failure 
E)  Renal ischemia

Question 12

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term ureteropyelonephritis into its component parts?

Accepted Answer

A)  ureteropyelonephr/itis 
B)  ureteropyelo/nephritis 
C)  uretero/pyelo/nephritis 
D)  uretero/pyelo/nephr/itis 
E)  ur/etero/pyelo/nephr/itis

Question 13

Identify and define the root in the medical term orchidotomy.

Accepted Answer

A)  orchido - sperm 
B)  orchido- testicle 
C)  tom- cut 
D)  tomy- incision 
E)  y- procedure

Question 14

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term hypernephroma?

Accepted Answer

A)  It breaks into hyper (over) + nephr (kidney) + oma (tumor). 
B)  It is a cancer of the kidneys. 
C)  It is a disease of the kidneys characterized by the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys. 
D)  It is a form of nephropathy. 
E)  It is another name for renal cell carcinoma.

Question 15

The procedure for removing waste from the bloodstream is abbreviated:

Accepted Answer

A)  BUN. 
B)  ESWL. 
C)  HD. 
D)  KUB. 
E)  VUR.

Question 16

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term urethrostenosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  urethro (urethra) + sten (hardening) + osis (condition) = hardening of the urethra (tube that connects the bladder to the outside world) 
B)  urethro (urethra) + sten (hardening) + osis (condition) = hardening of the urethra (tube that connects the kidney to the bladder) 
C)  urethro (urethra) + sten (narrowing) + osis (condition) = narrowing of the urethra (tube that connects the bladder to the outside world) 
D)  urethro (urethra) + sten (narrowing) + osis (condition) = narrowing of the urethra (tube that connects the kidney to the bladder) 
E)  urethro (urethra) + sten (softening) + osis (condition) = softening of the urethra (tube that connects the bladder to the outside world)

Question 17

What are the correct translations of the underlined words in the health record below? Imaging
VCUG: No VUR noted.
RUS: No hydronephrosis noted. Normal.
Spiral CT of kidneys on day 3 of admission revealed perinephric abscess formation of the left kidney.

Accepted Answer

A)  VCUG: visual cystourethrogram (procedure for looking at the bladder and urethra); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back through the urethra) hydronephrosis - bladder condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow 
B)  VCUG: visual cystourethrogram (procedure for looking at the bladder and urethra); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back through the urethra) hydronephrosis - kidney condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow 
C)  VCUG: voiding cystourethrogram (imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters) hydronephrosis - bladder condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow 
D)  VCUG: voiding cystourethrogram (imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the kidneys back into the ureters) hydronephrosis - bladder condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow 
E)  VCUG: voiding cystourethrogram (imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters) hydronephrosis - kidney condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow

Question 18

Translate the medical term ureterocele as literally as possible.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ureter hernia 
B)  Ureter inflammation 
C)  Ureter pain 
D)  Ureter rupture 
E)  Ureter tumor

Question 19

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term azoturia?

Accepted Answer

A)  It breaks into azot (nitrogen) + ur (urine) + ia (condition). 
B)  It can be determined by a urinalysis. 
C)  It refers to excess nitrogen in the urine. 
D)  The root azot comes from combining the two roots a (not) + zo (living), and was applied to nitrogen because things cannot live in it. 
E)  All of these are true

Question 20

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the term underlined below? Patient: Susan Nesbit
Date of Admission: 7/7/2015
Date of Discharge: 7/17/2015
Admission Diagnosis
1) Dysuria
2) Fever
Discharge Diagnosis
1) Pyelonephritis
2) Perinephric Abscess
Discharge Condition:
Stable
Consultations
Nephrology
Urology

Accepted Answer

A)  pyelo (pelvis) + nephr (bladder) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the bladder and renal pelvis 
B)  pyelo (pelvis) + nephr (kidney) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis 
C)  pyelo (many) + nephr (kidney) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of both kidneys 
D)  pyelo (pus) + nephr (bladder) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the bladder caused by pus 
E)  pyelo (pus) + nephr (kidney) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the kidney caused by pus

Exam 12: The Urinary and Male Reproductive Systems Urology

Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record: PMHx: Hypercholesterolemia-currently controlled with diet. Positive history of gonococcal urethritis 3 years previously. No history of urolithiasis. Which of the following definitions is part of the patient's past medical history?