Question 1

What is this organism?

Accepted Answer

A) fern 
B) fungus 
C) bryophyte 
D) gymnosperm

Question 2

How is artificial selection related to diversity of plant foods we eat today?

Accepted Answer

A) Breeding practices enable people to select cattle that disperse high volumes of seeds through their feces. 
B) Agricultural practices enable people to select plants for improved yield and quantity. 
C) Artificial selection of favored pollinator species allows for high pollination rates of plants. 
D) Artificial selection of tall grasses provides enables cattle that fertilize plants to reserve energy it takes to consume smaller, scrubbier plants.

Question 3

Gametophytes produce ________.

Accepted Answer

A) sperm and eggs 
B) spores and stomata 
C) lignin and vascular tissue 
D) stomata and cuticle

Question 4

Evolutionary evidence suggests fungi evolved from ________ that also gave rise to the fourth and most diverse group of eukaryotes: the animals.

Accepted Answer

A) protists 
B) plants 
C) bacteria

Question 5

The origin of seeds occurred approximately ________ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) 65 million 
B) 360 million 
C) 140 billion 
D) 3.5 billion

Question 6

Exploring in the tropics, you discover a nonvascular plant that produces pollen. What type of plant have you discovered?

Accepted Answer

A) an angiosperm 
B) a fern 
C) a bryophyte 
D) an entirely new type that you will get to name

Question 7

Why is the symbiotic relationship of truffle mushrooms and tree roots considered to be crucial to the colonization of land?

Accepted Answer

A) This relationship is found in some of the oldest plant fossils. 
B) Truffles have seeds. 
C) Truffles provide trees with sugars.

Question 8

This diagram shows what process?

Accepted Answer

A) origin of plants from green algae 
B) alternation of generations 
C) angiosperm life cycle 
D) gymnosperm life cycle

Question 9

What are hyphae?

Accepted Answer

A) symbiotic associations between plant roots and fungi 
B) threadlike filaments that make up fungal bodies 
C) fungal digestive enzymes 
D) fungal spores

Question 10

The ________ help(s)plants retain water.

Accepted Answer

A) hypha 
B) cuticle 
C) mycorrhiza 
D) lignin

Question 11

In angiosperms, what structures house female gametophytes?

Accepted Answer

A) petals 
B) ovules 
C) sepals

Question 12

Corn smut is a fungus that grows in the ears of corn and changes corn kernels into black, powdery balls of fungus tissue. What would you hypothesize is the significance of the relationship between corn smut and corn?

Accepted Answer

A) Corn smut has a parasitic relationship with corn so that it can use the corn as a way to spread spores. 
B) Corn smut has a symbiotic relationship with corn so that it can use the corn as a way to spread spores. 
C) Corn smut helps to decompose corn more quickly and therefore replenishes nutrients in the soil at a faster rate. 
D) Corn smut slows decomposition of corn and therefore reduces the rate at which nutrients are returned to the soil.

Question 13

If you wanted to propagate (grow)ferns, what do you need to collect from existing ferns?

Accepted Answer

A) diploid zygote cells 
B) haploid spores 
C) fossil fuels 
D) seeds

Question 14

________ are seedless vascular plants.

Accepted Answer

A) Ferns 
B) Angiosperms 
C) Bryophytes 
D) Gymnosperms

Question 15

In angiosperms, the male gametophyte develops within ________.

Accepted Answer

A) male cones 
B) filaments 
C) anthers 
D) stigma

Question 16

Which step is the last in the formation of fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

A) subjecting organic matter to extreme pressure 
B) flooding swamps with seawater 
C) incomplete decomposition of organic matter 
D) subjecting organic matter to extreme heat and pressure

Question 17

A major function of a mushroom is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) produce seeds 
B) store nutrients 
C) produce spores 
D) photosynthesize

Question 18

Why are bryophytes considered incompletely liberated from their ancestral aquatic habitat?

Accepted Answer

A) They lack lignin. 
B) Their sperm are flagellated. 
C) The gametophyte generation is dominant. 
D) They lack a cuticle.

Question 19

________ were the first plants that did not require water for transferring sperm to eggs.

Accepted Answer

A) Bryophytes 
B) Gymnosperms 
C) Ferns 
D) Angiosperms

Question 20

Which statement about pollination and fertilization is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A) Pollination is identical to fertilization. 
B) Pollination is not the same as fertilization, but pollination guarantees fertilization will occur. 
C) Pollination and fertilization are unrelated. 
D) Pollination is not the same as fertilization, and pollination does not guarantee fertilization will occur.

Exam 16: The Evolution of Plants and Fungi