Question 1

In Skinner's experiments, the animals had enough freedom to move within the box, which was a condition more "natural" to them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

In the Tolman's system, internal processing by which an individual can code, store, recall, and decode information about particular elements of this person's experience.

Accepted Answer

A)   mental reflex
B)   positive reflex
C)   behavioral map
D)   cognitive map
E)   navigation system D

Question 3

According to Jacques Lacan, early in life, we learn how to desire things not because we need them but rather because:

Accepted Answer

A)   other people need them
B)   we can have them easily
C)   we cannot have them easily
D)   we need others to envy us
E)   we want to harm other people A

Question 4

Karen Horney viewed neurosis as a:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Karen Horney viewed neurosis as a:...

Question 5

As Watson before him, Skinner included the subjective mental element from his investigation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

According to Erich Fromm, many people cannot embrace their freedom because they:

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Erich Fromm, many people cannot...

Question 7

Psychologist Edward Tolman won a legal case in the California Supreme Court.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A branch of psychoanalysis focusing on a wide variety of facts related to a person's interaction with the social environment.

Accepted Answer

A)   ego psychology
B)   new psychoanalysis
C)   interactive psychoanalysis
D)   social psychology
E)   environmental psychoanalysis

Question 9

One of Skinner's experiments examined the formation of superstition in one of his favorite experimental animals:

Accepted Answer

A)   fish
B)   foxes
C)   pigeons
D)   frogs
E)   cats

Question 10

The field examining psychological factors in politics and political behavior is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   political psychology
B)   peace psychology
C)   political socialization
D)   government sociology
E)   political science

Question 11

Edward Tolman suggested an expansion of the traditional S →R (stimulus-reaction) model and added S→O→R, in which "O" stood for:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Edward Tolman suggested an expansion of the...

Question 12

How did psychoanalysts make their money in the 1920s? Where did the money come from?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did psychoanalysts make their money in...

Question 13

Purposive behaviorism in the Tolman's system, a type of behaviorism involving the idea of purpose or goal, was also called:

Accepted Answer

A)   classical conditioning
B)   operational behaviorism
C)   simple behaviorism
D)   advanced behaviorism
E)   positive behaviorism

Question 14

Skinner designed and built various learning machines based on the concept of positive reinforcement. His inventions were generally:

Accepted Answer

A)   sophisticated computers
B)   cellular phones connected together
C)   paper-and-pencil tests
D)   specially designed video games
E)   card-and-plastic devices

Question 15

Erik Erikson developed psychoanalysis by including his explorations of:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Erik Erikson developed psychoanalysis by including his...

Question 16

Two major interests or factors influenced B.F.Skinner's future research orientation. One was behaviorism. The other influence was his:

Accepted Answer

A)   musical talents
B)   legal background
C)   exceptional craftsmanship skills
D)   ability to work without sleep
E)   knowledge of Indian philosophy

Question 17

In Murray's system, stories or interpretations projecting fantasy imagery onto an objective stimulus are called:

Accepted Answer

A)   castle in the sky
B)   delusions
C)   creative dreams
D)   mental cinema
E)   themas

Question 18

What was the main idea of the book Beyond Freedom and Dignity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the main idea of the...

Question 19

While most social scientists in the 1940s were looking into social and political causes of gender inequality, Deutsch emphasized:

Accepted Answer

The answer of While most social scientists in the 1940s...

Question 20

Behaviorism and psychoanalysis were based on scientific determinism, which is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Behaviorism and psychoanalysis were based on scientific...

Exam 11: Behaviorism and Psychoanalysis in the Mid-20th Century: Theoretical and Applied P