Question 1

What is the function of MFP factor?

Accepted Answer

A) Enhances iron absorption 
B) Acts as an iron enrichment nutrient 
C) Simulates metallothionein synthesis 
D) Acts as chelating agent for iron toxicity treatment

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT known to affect iron bioavailability from complete meals?

Accepted Answer

A) Caffeine 
B) Phytates 
C) Vitamin C 
D) MFP factor

Question 3

Which of the following is a prominent feature of mild iodine deficiency in children?

Accepted Answer

A) Demineralization 
B) Growth retardation 
C) Discoloration of teeth 
D) Poor performance in school

Question 4

What is the response of the thyroid gland to an iodine deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) Increase in its size to trap more iodine 
B) Increase in its size to trap more thyroxine 
C) Increased release of thyroid-stimulating hormone 
D) Decreased release of thyroid-stimulating hormone

Question 5

Which of the following foods are known to contain goitrogens?

Accepted Answer

A) Shellfish 
B) Whole grains 
C) Cauliflower and broccoli 
D) Blueberries and raspberries

Question 6

Why are people with iron overload at increased risk for infections?

Accepted Answer

A) Excess tissue iron destroys vitamin C 
B) Iron-rich blood favors growth of bacteria 
C) Iron-rich blood impairs the immune system 
D) Excess tissue iron interferes with antibiotic function

Question 7

Which of the following represents the most likely cause of manganese toxicity?

Accepted Answer

A) Consumption of supplements 
B) Increased absorption due to genetic defect 
C) Inhalation of dust contaminated with manganese 
D) Consumption of foods grown on manganese-rich soils

Question 8

What is the average lifespan of red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Two weeks 
B) One month 
C) Four months 
D) Six months

Question 9

What is hepcidin?

Accepted Answer

A) A factor in meats that enhances iron absorption 
B) An intestinal mucosa protein that assists in iron turnover 
C) A substance in legumes that interferes with iron absorption 
D) A liver-derived hormone that helps regulate iron absorption and transport

Question 10

What is the most reliable source of dietary fluoride?

Accepted Answer

A) Public water 
B) Dark green vegetables 
C) Milk and milk products 
D) Meats and whole-grain cereals

Question 11

What is the primary mechanism associated with the role of fluoride in prevention of dental caries?

Accepted Answer

A) Fluoride increases calcium absorption,which increases crystal formation of teeth 
B) Decay is inhibited due to neutralization of organic acids produced by bacteria on the teeth 
C) Decay is reduced due to the inhibitory effects of fluoride on growth of bacteria on the teeth 
D) Fluoride becomes incorporated into the crystalline structure of teeth,making them less susceptible to decay

Question 12

The most common cause of iron overload is

Accepted Answer

A) an injury to the GI tract. 
B) a genetic predisposition. 
C) excessive use of iron cookware. 
D) excessive use of iron supplements.

Question 13

If a normal,healthy young adult woman loses an average of 2 mg/day of iron from the body,approximately what minimum amount (mg/day)should she consume from the diet to prevent negative iron balance?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 11 
D) 19

Question 14

Which of the following defines an association between a protein and a function of zinc?

Accepted Answer

A) Thyroxine: zinc transporter 
B) Globulin: transports zinc into cells 
C) Transferrin: essential to zinc excretion 
D) Metallothionein: promotes zinc homeostasis

Question 15

What is the RDA for iron for females 19-50 years old?

Accepted Answer

A) 8 mg 
B) 10 mg 
C) 18 mg 
D) 32 mg

Question 16

The rare genetic disorders Menkes disease and Wilson's disease result from abnormal utilization of

Accepted Answer

A) iron. 
B) zinc. 
C) copper. 
D) manganese.

Question 17

What is the ionic state of ferric iron?

Accepted Answer

A) +3 
B) +2 
C) -2 
D) -3

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT among the characteristics of manganese in nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A) Plant foods are good sources 
B) Deficiencies are seen primarily in the elderly 
C) Absorption is inhibited by calcium supplements 
D) Toxicity is more common from environmental contamination than from the diet

Question 19

Which of the following is known as an iron-overload protein?

Accepted Answer

A) Transferrin 
B) Hemosiderin 
C) Marrowferritin 
D) Metallothionein

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT among the characteristics of copper in nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A) Deficiency is rare 
B) Legumes are a rich source 
C) Absorption from foods is poor 
D) Absorption is reduced by ingestion of zinc supplements

Exam 13: The Trace Minerals